Question 1

Lateral gene transfer is the process by which

Accepted Answer

A)  scientists make transgenic organisms. 
B)  prokaryotes within a species exchange genes. 
C)  prokaryotes acquire DNA from a different species. 
D)  genes are passed to daughter cells. 
E)  prokaryotes recombine different versions of a gene. 
A)  scientists make transgenic organisms. 
B)  prokaryotes within a species exchange genes. 
C)  prokaryotes acquire DNA from a different species. 
D)  genes are passed to daughter cells. 
E)  prokaryotes recombine different versions of a gene.

Question 2

The space between the outer membrane and the cell membrane of a Gram-negative bacterium is called the _______ space.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymatic 
B)  negative 
C)  perimembrane 
D)  periplasmic 
E)  resistance 
A)  enzymatic 
B)  negative 
C)  perimembrane 
D)  periplasmic 
E)  resistance

Question 3

In light,purple sulfur bacteria use H2S as an electron donor and release pure sulfur as a waste product.They are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  photoautotrophs. 
B)  photoheterotrophs. 
C)  chemoautotrophs. 
D)  chemoheterotrophs. 
E)  deep-sea,volcanic vent bacteria. 
A)  photoautotrophs. 
B)  photoheterotrophs. 
C)  chemoautotrophs. 
D)  chemoheterotrophs. 
E)  deep-sea,volcanic vent bacteria.

Question 4

Which feature does not belong in the same domain as all of the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Membrane-enclosed nucleus 
B)  Ether-linked lipids 
C)  80S ribosomes 
D)  Three RNA polymerases 
E)  Operons are rare. 
A)  Membrane-enclosed nucleus 
B)  Ether-linked lipids 
C)  80S ribosomes 
D)  Three RNA polymerases 
E)  Operons are rare.

Question 5

If you boil water,can you be sure that it will be free of living prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes;boiling kills all organisms. 
B)  Yes;prokaryote DNA degrades at high temperatures. 
C)  No;some prokaryotes can live at boiling temperatures. 
D)  Yes,since no known bacteria can survive boiling. 
E)  Yes,because bacteria must have a eukaryotic host,and no eukaryote survives boiling. 
A)  Yes;boiling kills all organisms. 
B)  Yes;prokaryote DNA degrades at high temperatures. 
C)  No;some prokaryotes can live at boiling temperatures. 
D)  Yes,since no known bacteria can survive boiling. 
E)  Yes,because bacteria must have a eukaryotic host,and no eukaryote survives boiling.

Question 6

Bacteria have a role in

Accepted Answer

A)  animal digestion. 
B)  the processing of nitrogen and sulfur in soils. 
C)  decomposition in all ecosystems. 
D)  many industrial and commercial processes. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  animal digestion. 
B)  the processing of nitrogen and sulfur in soils. 
C)  decomposition in all ecosystems. 
D)  many industrial and commercial processes. 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

Bacteria are known for the many roles they play in biological communities.Which is the rarest role for this group of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pathogen 
B)  Digestive aid 
C)  Nitrogen and sulfur processor in soils 
D)  Decomposer 
E)  Industrial and agricultural use 
A)  Pathogen 
B)  Digestive aid 
C)  Nitrogen and sulfur processor in soils 
D)  Decomposer 
E)  Industrial and agricultural use

Question 8

Which statement about endospores is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  More than one endospore can be produced by each parent cell. 
B)  Endospores can survive harsh environmental conditions. 
C)  Endospores contain some cytoplasm but not nucleic acid. 
D)  Endospores are enclosed within two soft cell walls. 
E)  An endospore is a reproductive structure. 
A)  More than one endospore can be produced by each parent cell. 
B)  Endospores can survive harsh environmental conditions. 
C)  Endospores contain some cytoplasm but not nucleic acid. 
D)  Endospores are enclosed within two soft cell walls. 
E)  An endospore is a reproductive structure.

Question 9

Viruses are thought to have evolved

Accepted Answer

A)  only once in evolutionary history. 
B)  from escaped genomic components. 
C)  from reduced cellular components. 
D)  only twice in evolutionary history. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  only once in evolutionary history. 
B)  from escaped genomic components. 
C)  from reduced cellular components. 
D)  only twice in evolutionary history. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 10

_______ are more closely related to _______ than they are to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria;Archaea;Eukarya 
B)  Bacteria;Eukarya;Archaea 
C)  Archaea;Bacteria;Eukarya 
D)  Eukarya;Archaea;Bacteria 
E)  Eukarya;Bacteria;Archaea 
A)  Bacteria;Archaea;Eukarya 
B)  Bacteria;Eukarya;Archaea 
C)  Archaea;Bacteria;Eukarya 
D)  Eukarya;Archaea;Bacteria 
E)  Eukarya;Bacteria;Archaea

Question 11

Which statement about methanogens is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some are thermophilic. 
B)  They are associated with mammalian flatulence. 
C)  They prefer anaerobic conditions. 
D)  Methane is their preferred carbon source. 
E)  They are closely related to the extreme halophiles. 
A)  Some are thermophilic. 
B)  They are associated with mammalian flatulence. 
C)  They prefer anaerobic conditions. 
D)  Methane is their preferred carbon source. 
E)  They are closely related to the extreme halophiles.

Question 12

Which characteristics or components are distinctive of eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Butylmethionine tRNA 
B)  Cell division by fission 
C)  Presence of peptidoglycan 
D)  Membrane-enclosed nucleus 
E)  Ribosomes 
A)  Butylmethionine tRNA 
B)  Cell division by fission 
C)  Presence of peptidoglycan 
D)  Membrane-enclosed nucleus 
E)  Ribosomes

Question 13

Which of the following is not an example of a biofilm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plaque on a tooth 
B)  Coating on contact lenses 
C)  Layers in an ancient stromatolite 
D)  Coating on a metal pipeline in a steam plant 
E)  Bacteria on root nodules 
A)  Plaque on a tooth 
B)  Coating on contact lenses 
C)  Layers in an ancient stromatolite 
D)  Coating on a metal pipeline in a steam plant 
E)  Bacteria on root nodules

Question 14

Actinobacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  are photoheterotrophs. 
B)  are the only bacteria that divide by mitosis. 
C)  are Gram-negative bacteria. 
D)  were once classified as protists. 
E)  are the source of many important antibiotics. 
A)  are photoheterotrophs. 
B)  are the only bacteria that divide by mitosis. 
C)  are Gram-negative bacteria. 
D)  were once classified as protists. 
E)  are the source of many important antibiotics.

Question 15

The domains of life are

Accepted Answer

A)  Fungi,Plants,and Animals. 
B)  Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya. 
C)  Bacteria,Protists,Fungi,Plants,and Animals. 
D)  Archaea,Bacteria,Plants,and Animals. 
E)  Bacteria,Fungi,Plants,Animals,and Humans. 
A)  Fungi,Plants,and Animals. 
B)  Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya. 
C)  Bacteria,Protists,Fungi,Plants,and Animals. 
D)  Archaea,Bacteria,Plants,and Animals. 
E)  Bacteria,Fungi,Plants,Animals,and Humans.

Question 16

The Gram method is useful for classifying all bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A)  have two cell membranes. 
B)  have flagella. 
C)  have cell walls with at least some peptidoglycan. 
D)  are prokaryotic. 
E)  form endospores. 
A)  have two cell membranes. 
B)  have flagella. 
C)  have cell walls with at least some peptidoglycan. 
D)  are prokaryotic. 
E)  form endospores.

Question 17

The closest monophyletic group(s)to the domain Bacteria is/are

Accepted Answer

A)  Eukarya. 
B)  Eukarya and Archaea. 
C)  Archaea. 
D)  Bacteria and Eukarya. 
E)  the prokaryotes. 
A)  Eukarya. 
B)  Eukarya and Archaea. 
C)  Archaea. 
D)  Bacteria and Eukarya. 
E)  the prokaryotes.

Question 18

Suppose you are building an artificial hot spring in your yard.The water is hot and mineral-rich,but it doesn't have the bright colors seen in natural hot springs.To get those bright colors,you could allow the growth of

Accepted Answer

A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  mycoplasmas. 
C)  crenarchaeotes. 
D)  proteobacteria. 
E)  spirochetes. 
A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  mycoplasmas. 
C)  crenarchaeotes. 
D)  proteobacteria. 
E)  spirochetes.

Question 19

Which disease is not induced or caused by exotoxins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism 
B)  Cholera 
C)  Bubonic plague 
D)  Salmonella 
E)  Tetanus 
A)  Botulism 
B)  Cholera 
C)  Bubonic plague 
D)  Salmonella 
E)  Tetanus

Question 20

Which nutritional category of prokaryotes can exist independently of other organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photoautotrophs 
B)  Photoheterotrophs 
C)  Photochemotrophs 
D)  Chemoheterotrophs 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Photoautotrophs 
B)  Photoheterotrophs 
C)  Photochemotrophs 
D)  Chemoheterotrophs 
E)  None of the above

Exam 19: Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

Lateral gene transfer is the process by which

The space between the outer membrane and the cell membrane of a Gram-negative bacterium is called the _______ space.

In light,purple sulfur bacteria use H2S as an electron donor and release pure sulfur as a waste product.They are examples of

Which feature does not belong in the same domain as all of the others?

If you boil water,can you be sure that it will be free of living prokaryotes?

Bacteria have a role in

Bacteria are known for the many roles they play in biological communities.Which is the rarest role for this group of organisms?

Which statement about endospores is true?

Viruses are thought to have evolved

_______ are more closely related to _______ than they are to _______.

Which statement about methanogens is false?

Which characteristics or components are distinctive of eukaryotes?

Which of the following is not an example of a biofilm?

Actinobacteria

The domains of life are

The Gram method is useful for classifying all bacteria that

The closest monophyletic group(s)to the domain Bacteria is/are

Suppose you are building an artificial hot spring in your yard.The water is hot and mineral-rich,but it doesn't have the bright colors seen in natural hot springs.To get those bright colors,you could allow the growth of

Which disease is not induced or caused by exotoxins?

Which nutritional category of prokaryotes can exist independently of other organisms?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

In light,purple sulfur bacteria use H₂S as an electron donor and release pure sulfur as a waste product.They are examples of

___ are more closely related to _ than they are to _____.