Exam 4: The Brain and Nervous System

Describe the electrical and chemical communication within and between neurons.

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects neurons involved in muscle action, arousal, vigilance, memory, and emotion?

One of the major roles of the right cerebral hemisphere is to continually provide a reasonable story to explain our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

In the peripheral nervous system, _______________ enable us to move, and cause glands to contract and to secrete hormones.

How does an MRI allow the exploration of "inner space" without the injection of chemicals?

_______________ are special molecules in the membrane of a receiving neuron's dendrites with which neurotransmitter molecules bind.

Your textbook describes an EEG recording as analogous to "listening to a game while standing outside a sports stadium." Explain this analogy.

A cell that conducts electrochemical signals and is the basic unit of the nervous system is called a:

_______________ are the brain's communication specialists, transmitting information to, from, and within the central nervous system.

_______________ allows scientists to see the neural activity associated with each of the series of steps associated with a thought in real time.

Stem-cell research is one of the hottest areas in biology and neuroscience because stem cells are:

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects neurons involved in muscle action, arousal, vigilance, memory, and emotion?

A surgeon is probing an area of association cortex in your brain with a stimulation probe. Which of the following would you most likely experience?

Men and women alike have brains that can answer these questions: 1) During childhood:

The sympathetic nervous system acts like an accelerator on a car, mobilizing the body for action.

The _______________, or "lesser brain," is involved in remembering simple skills and acquired reflexes.

_______________ is a procedure used by researchers as a "virtual" and temporary method to lesion the brain that temporarily inactivates neural circuits.

Name two types of cognitive tasks that may show different patterns of brain activity depending on a person's culture.

Which structure of the brain is about the size of a small fist and looks like a "little brain"? What function is associated with this "lesser brain"?

Researchers are now studying the possible involvement of sex hormones in behavior not directly related to sex and reproduction. Cite one example of this research.