Exam 5: A: Learning

We associate the name of ___________ most closely with classical conditioning.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event is called _______.

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.In the example,the dog's bark and bite is the:

Instinctive or involuntary behavior would probably be BEST modified by ___________.

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

On a fixed-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

Billy throws rocks.Each time he throws a rock,he is immediately spanked.Spanking is a ________.

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _________.

The 5-year-old of two very busy parents has been throwing tantrums.Whenever the child goes off the deep end,one or both of his parents immediately come to his side and fuss over and cajole him.Nevertheless,his tantrums do not diminish; they even seem to increase.We may assume that his parents' fussing over him serves as a _______.

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.Jodie now cries when she sees any dog,big or small,brown or black,etc.This illustrates which of the following?

During your very first visit to your campus,you probably needed a map to get around efficiently.However,a little while later you no longer needed the map,because _______ had occurred.

On a fixed-interval schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

Classical conditioning was discovered by:

Classical is to _____ as operant is to _____.

A young girl is just learning to dress herself.At first,the parents call her a "big girl" just for putting on her clothes "frontwards," even if they are not buttoned.Then,they call her a "big girl" if she tries to button them--even if the buttons are not in the right holes.Then,they call her a "big girl" only if she buttons them correctly.They have been using:

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

When a CR has been conditioned to a particular stimulus,the organism will also tend to make the CR in response to other stimuli.This phenomenon is called:

One of the best known examples of classical conditioning in humans was the Little Albert study,conducted by _______.