Exam 16: A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

In coastal communities,high rates of fresh groundwater withdrawal can raise the boundary between fresh and underlying saltwater aquifers and contaminate water supplies with salt.This process is called

Material through which water readily flows is termed ________.

A well that does not penetrate below the groundwater table is called a(n)

Where did our word geyser originate?

Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park is an example of a(n)___________.

An impermeable layer of rock or sediment is a(n)________.

Hard water results from relatively high concentrations of dissolved ________.

A(n)________ aquifer is more likely to be contaminated than a(n)________ aquifer.

As a rule,groundwater always flows from areas of ________.

The lines with arrows in the figure below show several long-distance groundwater flow paths you could expect in a landscape adjacent to a mountain range.Along which flow path is water likely to take the most time between recharge and discharge?

At which point this diagram would water pressure be greatest?

In the figure below,there are springs located along the surface trace of the fault.Given that the recharge area for these springs is located in the rocks on the left of the figure,what can be said about rock unit A on the right side of the fault?

What is infiltration?

Approximately how much of our global freshwater resources are supplied by groundwater?

In a confined aquifer there is likely to be an aquitard located ______ relative to the aquifer.

Explain how limestone caves are formed,making sure to include the name of the acids involved and how they form.

List and describe one possible effect of overpumping.

In the figure below,where is the discharge area for water infiltrating to the water table at point h₁?

In the image below,label the confined aquifer,the unconfined aquifer,and the aquitard.If you were to drill a well for personal use in this region,in which of these three layers would you put your well? Why?

The images below are of two different geological scenarios in which springs could form.Describe the similarities and differences between these two scenarios.