Exam 8: Group Processes

Adele has never driven a car with a standard transmission before.That is,she's never had to decide when to shift gears,push in the clutch,or stop suddenly when the car is in gear.She's just bought a car with standard transmission and wants to practice driving it before she takes it onto the highway.What should she do?

You will be working with a group of students on a class project soon,and your instructor lets you choose who you would want in your group.Based on the established gender and cultural differences in terms of social loafing,who would you most want in your group,and why?

Novelist Stephen King's interesting approach to publishing a new novel by asking people to remit $1 for installments that they download is cited as an example of a(n)

One advantage of social roles is that they make individuals' rights and responsibilities clear for group members.One disadvantage of such roles,however,is that they

When it comes to social dilemmas such as the Prisoner's Dilemma Game,the tit-for-tat strategy

Ann is a leader who inspires her employees to look at the broad,long-term goals of her company.She is able to get her employees to find a common goal and she really thinks outside of the box.Ann's leadership style is best described as

Most social psychologists would agree that

When women are chosen for leadership positions over units or departments in crisis,

The resident assistant of a campus residence hall notices that when a team of five students is assigned to bathroom duty,the bathrooms are not as well cleaned as when only one student is assigned to clean them.What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

You are a member of a group of five people whose task it is to address and stuff 1,000 envelopes for mailing.Research on _______ suggests that it would be better to give each person 200 envelopes to address and stuff the envelopes alone,whereas research on _______ suggests that it would be better to have everyone work on the task together in the same room.

_______ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

Whereas _______ specify how all group members should behave,_______ specify how individuals in particular positions should behave.

The Trucking Game (Deutsch & Krauss,1960,1962)puts participants in a conflict situation.Each participant wants to get his or her truck to the destination as quickly as possible.Morton Deutsch and Robert Krauss introduced a novel twist.They sometimes gave one participant a gate with which to threaten an opponent.At other times,they gave both participants such a gate,and still other times,neither participant had a gate with which to threaten his or her opponent.What happened?

According to Irving Janis (1972,1982),groupthink occurs when groups value _______ over _______.

"We will not talk about other members behind their backs and we will never divulge one another's secrets to anyone,inside or outside this group." The preceding statement reflects

Under certain conditions,people will choose the cooperative option when playing the Prisoner's Dilemma game.For example,when a player _______,that player will be more likely to play cooperatively.

One way to deal with process loss and therefore enable the group to come up with correct solution to a problem is

The president of the Noodle Dome Charitable Trust has just resigned in disgrace,leaving the workings of the organization pretty much on track,but also leaving a large number of employees angry and upset.Bolstered by his previous successes in turning things around,Fred has stepped in to fill the president's role.Fred should adopt a _______ of leadership in this case.

During a psychology experiment,Chad and Wilma are asked to compete in the Prisoner's Dilemma game.As shown below,Wilma goes first,and after four rounds,the results are as follows: Wilma: cooperate defect defect cooperate Chad: defect defect cooperate cooperate As revealed in the pattern of responses above,Wilma is probably using a _______ strategy.

Mitch is about to provide expert testimony in court about the scientific research on false confessions.The judge,the lawyers,the jury,and many spectators in the courtroom will be listening to what he has to say.Fortunately,he has prepared a lot for the trial,and has given expert testimony many times before.Because of ______________,the presence of the audience is likely to make Mitch perform ____________ if he was videotaping himself giving testimony alone at home.