Question 1

Which of the following acids is used in the synthesis of the polymer nylon-66?

Accepted Answer

A)  adipic acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  formic acid 
A)  adipic acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  formic acid

Question 2

What is the difference between stearic acid and linoleic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stearic acid has 18 carbon atoms, whereas linoleic acid has 16 carbon atoms. 
B)  Stearic acid is unsaturated, whereas linoleic acid is saturated. 
C)  Stearic acid has 18 carbon atoms, whereas linoleic acid has 20 carbon atoms. 
D)  Stearic acid is saturated, whereas linoleic acid is unsaturated. 
A)  Stearic acid has 18 carbon atoms, whereas linoleic acid has 16 carbon atoms. 
B)  Stearic acid is unsaturated, whereas linoleic acid is saturated. 
C)  Stearic acid has 18 carbon atoms, whereas linoleic acid has 20 carbon atoms. 
D)  Stearic acid is saturated, whereas linoleic acid is unsaturated.

Question 3

What is the IUPAC name of GABA?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-amino-2-propenoic acid 
B)  4-aminobutanoic acid 
C)  4-amino-benzoic acid 
D)  4-carboxybutylamine 
A)  3-amino-2-propenoic acid 
B)  4-aminobutanoic acid 
C)  4-amino-benzoic acid 
D)  4-carboxybutylamine

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the most unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cis isomer predominates the trans isomer. 
B)  The trans isomer predominates the cis isomer. 
C)  There is an equal distribution of cis and trans isomers. 
D)  All are cis isomers. 
A)  The cis isomer predominates the trans isomer. 
B)  The trans isomer predominates the cis isomer. 
C)  There is an equal distribution of cis and trans isomers. 
D)  All are cis isomers.

Question 5

Which of the following unsaturated fatty acids has the most double bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  arachidonic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  oleic acid 
A)  arachidonic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  oleic acid

Question 6

Which of the following is true of the Fischer esterification reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It proceeds until the limiting reagent is completely used up. 
B)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can never be driven far to the right. 
C)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can be driven to the right by the addition of water. 
D)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can be driven to the right by the removal of water. 
A)  It proceeds until the limiting reagent is completely used up. 
B)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can never be driven far to the right. 
C)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can be driven to the right by the addition of water. 
D)  It is an equilibrium reaction that can be driven to the right by the removal of water.

Question 7

Which of the following reagents is used to reduce carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium hydroxide 
B)  lithium aluminum hydride 
C)  both sodium hydroxide and lithium aluminum hydride 
D)  neither sodium hydroxide nor lithium aluminum hydride 
A)  sodium hydroxide 
B)  lithium aluminum hydride 
C)  both sodium hydroxide and lithium aluminum hydride 
D)  neither sodium hydroxide nor lithium aluminum hydride

Question 8

Which of the following is lost from the carboxyl group during decarboxylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2CO2 
D)  H2CO 
A)  CO 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2CO2 
D)  H2CO

Question 9

In a sample of a pure carboxylic acid, how many hydrogen bonds are formed between a pair of carboxylic acid molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 10

Which of the following products is obtained when sodium benzoate is treated with HCl?

Accepted Answer

A)  salicylic acid 
B)  benzyl alcohol 
C)  benzoic acid 
D)  benzene 
A)  salicylic acid 
B)  benzyl alcohol 
C)  benzoic acid 
D)  benzene

Question 11

Which of the following compounds is the strongest acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  dichloroacetic acid 
D)  trichloroacetic acid 
A)  acetic acid 
B)  chloroacetic acid 
C)  dichloroacetic acid 
D)  trichloroacetic acid

Question 12

Which of the following can be used as a fungal growth inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium propanoate 
B)  sodium benzoate 
C)  both calcium propanoate and sodium benzoate 
D)  neither calcium propanoate nor sodium benzoate 
A)  calcium propanoate 
B)  sodium benzoate 
C)  both calcium propanoate and sodium benzoate 
D)  neither calcium propanoate nor sodium benzoate

Question 13

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-aminoheptanoic acid 
B)  4-aminooctanoic acid 
C)  4-amino-4-butylbutanoic acid 
D)  γ-aminobutyric acid 
A)  3-aminoheptanoic acid 
B)  4-aminooctanoic acid 
C)  4-amino-4-butylbutanoic acid 
D)  γ-aminobutyric acid

Question 14

Identify the transition state that is involved in the decarboxylation of β-ketoacids.

Accepted Answer

A)  a five-membered cyclic system 
B)  a six-membered cyclic system 
C)  a four-membered cyclic system 
D)  none of these 
A)  a five-membered cyclic system 
B)  a six-membered cyclic system 
C)  a four-membered cyclic system 
D)  none of these

Question 15

In a soap micelle, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hydrophilic region is on the surface and the hydrophobic region is in the interior. 
B)  The hydrophobic region is on the surface and the hydrophilic region is in the interior. 
C)  The hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are uniformly distributed throughout the surface of the micelle. 
D)  When the micelle is formed, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions interact and neutralize one another. 
A)  The hydrophilic region is on the surface and the hydrophobic region is in the interior. 
B)  The hydrophobic region is on the surface and the hydrophilic region is in the interior. 
C)  The hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are uniformly distributed throughout the surface of the micelle. 
D)  When the micelle is formed, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions interact and neutralize one another.

Question 16

Which of the following fatty acids is unsaturated?

Accepted Answer

A)  arachidonic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  all of these 
A)  arachidonic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  all of these

Question 17

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-hydroxy-4-butanoic acid 
B)  3-hydroxybutanoic acid 
C)  α-hydroxybutanoic acid 
D)  γ-hydroxybutanoic acid 
A)  2-hydroxy-4-butanoic acid 
B)  3-hydroxybutanoic acid 
C)  α-hydroxybutanoic acid 
D)  γ-hydroxybutanoic acid

Question 18

Consider the following reaction. (R, R', and R'' represent different hydrocarbon chains.)   Which of the following correctly describes this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It produces three different soaps. 
B)  It represents saponification. 
C)  The organic reactant is the triglyceride. 
D)  All of these correctly describe the reaction. 
A)  It produces three different soaps. 
B)  It represents saponification. 
C)  The organic reactant is the triglyceride. 
D)  All of these correctly describe the reaction.

Question 19

What happens to ethanoic acid when it reacts with lithium aluminum hydride in ether followed by hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It converts to ethane. 
B)  It converts to ethanedioic acid. 
C)  It converts to ethanol. 
D)  It converts to ethanone. 
A)  It converts to ethane. 
B)  It converts to ethanedioic acid. 
C)  It converts to ethanol. 
D)  It converts to ethanone.

Question 20

Identify the cations that produce water-insoluble salts when mixed with water.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ ions 
B)  K+ ions 
C)  both Ca2+ ions and K+ ions 
D)  neither Ca2+ ions nor K+ ions 
A)  Ca2+ ions 
B)  K+ ions 
C)  both Ca2+ ions and K+ ions 
D)  neither Ca2+ ions nor K+ ions

Exam 17: Carboxylic Acids

Which of the following acids is used in the synthesis of the polymer nylon-66?

What is the difference between stearic acid and linoleic acid?

What is the IUPAC name of GABA?

Which of the following is true of the most unsaturated fatty acids?

Which of the following unsaturated fatty acids has the most double bonds?

Which of the following is true of the Fischer esterification reaction?

Which of the following reagents is used to reduce carboxylic acids?

Which of the following is lost from the carboxyl group during decarboxylation?

In a sample of a pure carboxylic acid, how many hydrogen bonds are formed between a pair of carboxylic acid molecules?

Which of the following products is obtained when sodium benzoate is treated with HCl?

Which of the following compounds is the strongest acid?

Which of the following can be used as a fungal growth inhibitor?

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Identify the transition state that is involved in the decarboxylation of β-ketoacids.

In a soap micelle, which of the following is true?

Which of the following fatty acids is unsaturated?

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Consider the following reaction. (R, R', and R'' represent different hydrocarbon chains.) Which of the following correctly describes this reaction?

What happens to ethanoic acid when it reacts with lithium aluminum hydride in ether followed by hydrolysis?

Identify the cations that produce water-insoluble salts when mixed with water.

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