Exam 3: The Search for Causes

A psychological principle that holds that the frequency of any behavior can be increased or decreased through reward,punishment,and association with other stimuli is

According to the theory of psychoanalysis,a psychopath lacks a fully developed ________.

________ criminology suggests that social control agencies and citizens should work together to alleviate social problems and human suffering and thus reduce crime.

Match the theory with its approach. A)Biosocial B)Sociological C)Social Process D)Emergent E)Conflict F)Biological G)Psychological H)Classical/Neoclassical -Routine activities theory

According to Wolfgang and Ferracuti,crimes such as murder are more likely to be partially excused when they occur within a subculture of ________.

A ________ is a set of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe,explain,predict,and ultimately control some class of events.

Endomorphs are most likely to engage in delinquent or criminal behavior.

The ________ School of criminology stresses the application of scientific techniques to the study of crime and criminals.

A(n)________ is an explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigation.

Lombroso's theory of ________ suggests that criminals are throwbacks to earlier stages of human evolution.

Radical criminology argues that the creation of a capitalist society is the only solution to the problem of crime.

The main focus of radical criminology was the evils of a(n)________ economic structure.

Which conflict theory is mainly deconstructionist?

________ theory focuses on the strength of the bond people share with individuals and institutions around them.

According to routine activities theory,the presence of a capable guardian is a necessary element for a crime to occur.

________ is a theory of human behavior,based on the writings of Sigmund Freud,that sees personality as a complex composite of interacting mental entities.

According to the Classical School of Criminology,the two key determining factors of human behavior are right and wrong.

Match the sociological or social process theory with its definition. A)Crime can be mapped according to its social characteristics B)Everyone is subject to inducements to crime but factors such as social roles,conscience,and a positive self-image help prevent individuals from engaging in crime and deviance C)Posits the existence of group values that support criminal behavior D)Crime is the product of socialization and is acquired by criminals according to the same principles that guide the learning of law-abiding behavior in conformists E)Offenders use various techniques to rationalize their criminal behavior and shed feelings of guilt F)Continued crime results from negative social reaction those defined as offenders G)The bond between individuals and society is the primary operative mechanism keeping individuals from engaging in crime H)Crime occurs when there is a disjunction between socially acceptable goals and means in society -Labeling theory

Match the sociological or social process theory with its definition. A)Crime can be mapped according to its social characteristics B)Everyone is subject to inducements to crime but factors such as social roles,conscience,and a positive self-image help prevent individuals from engaging in crime and deviance C)Posits the existence of group values that support criminal behavior D)Crime is the product of socialization and is acquired by criminals according to the same principles that guide the learning of law-abiding behavior in conformists E)Offenders use various techniques to rationalize their criminal behavior and shed feelings of guilt F)Continued crime results from negative social reaction those defined as offenders G)The bond between individuals and society is the primary operative mechanism keeping individuals from engaging in crime H)Crime occurs when there is a disjunction between socially acceptable goals and means in society -Social control theory

Dangerousness is an ascribed quality.