Chat with AIExam 14: Developmental and Life-Course Theories
Discuss the limitations of Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of informal social control. If you were to design a study testing theory, how would you do so to address these limitations?
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotSampson and Laub's age-graded theory of informal social control has been influential in understanding how individuals' social bonds and experiences throughout their life course can impact their likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior. However, there are several limitations to this theory that should be considered.
One limitation is the lack of consideration for individual differences and variations in experiences. The theory assumes that everyone follows a similar trajectory of social bonds and informal social control, but in reality, individuals may have different experiences and relationships that impact their behavior in unique ways.
Another limitation is the focus on individual agency and choice, without considering the broader structural and systemic factors that may influence informal social control. This overlooks the impact of poverty, discrimination, and other societal factors that may limit individuals' opportunities for positive social bonds and informal social control.
Additionally, the theory may not fully account for the complexities of modern society and the changing nature of social relationships. With the rise of technology and globalization, individuals may have different forms of social bonds and informal social control that were not present in previous generations.
To address these limitations, a study testing the age-graded theory of informal social control could take a more nuanced approach to understanding individual experiences and variations. This could involve conducting qualitative interviews or surveys to capture the diverse range of social bonds and informal social control mechanisms that individuals may experience.
Additionally, the study could incorporate a more comprehensive analysis of structural and systemic factors that may impact informal social control, such as neighborhood characteristics, economic opportunities, and access to resources. This would provide a more holistic understanding of the factors that influence individuals' likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior.
Furthermore, the study could explore the impact of modern societal changes on informal social control, such as the role of social media and online communities in shaping individuals' social bonds and experiences.
By addressing these limitations and taking a more comprehensive approach to understanding informal social control, researchers can gain a more nuanced understanding of how individuals' social bonds and experiences impact their likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior.
The __________ is best characterized by an early onset of stubborn, defiant, and disobedient behavior primarily often targeted toward both parents and teachers.
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It could be argued that the age-graded informal social control theory may NOT apply to all of the following except:
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Giordano and colleagues' (2015) recent life-course perspective focuses on strain theory.
(40) Research has shown consistently that criminal activity in general peaks in ___________.
(39) What does to Farrington's ICAP theory say about criminal behavior? What is the main concept of this theory? What are the policy implications of ICAP?
(35) Do you see criminal behavior as invariant across the life course? Using your knowledge of life-course and developmental theory, explain the age-crime curve.
(42) Antisocial potential affected primarily by immediate situational factors and criminal opportunities is categorized as which of the following
(42) Which of the following theories is NOT integrated into Farrington's ICAP theory?
(32) Youth in the overt pathway ultimately become involved in serious and violent behavior.
(43) Farrington (1992) indicated that the average criminal career length from first to last conviction was 20.4 years when one-time offenders were excluded.
(34) According to Spelman (1994), offenders with prior incarcerations report committing between 30-50 crimes per year.
(36) Which of the following is not a delinquent/criminal behavior that peaks in adolescence?
(39) Youth in the covert developmental pathway always initiate their offending behavior after age 15.
(30) Moffitt asserted that at least some of the differences between life-course persistent and adolescence-limited delinquents are biologically or genetically based.
(42) Which of the following is not a focus of modern day criminal careers research as it relates to criminological theory?
(25) Giordano's et al.'s (2015) theory relies heavily on what concept?
(38) According to Braithwaite, what association is one of the facts that any criminological theory must fit?
(40) DLC theories and the resultant empirical research point toward the importance of
(34) What is the age-crime curve? What do you think causes the variation in offending by age? Which life-course theory do you think best explains the age-crime curve?
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