Question 1

What is the difference between a hot Jupiter and a cold Jupiter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hot Jupiters have fusion reactions; cold Jupiters do not. 
B)  Hot Jupiters orbit close to the parent stars; cold Jupiters do not. 
C)  Hot Jupiters radiate more energy than they receive from their star; cold Jupiters do not. 
D)  Hot Jupiters have observed volcanoes; cold Jupiters do not. 
E)  Hot Jupiters were an exciting discovery; cold Jupiters were not. 
A)  Hot Jupiters have fusion reactions; cold Jupiters do not. 
B)  Hot Jupiters orbit close to the parent stars; cold Jupiters do not. 
C)  Hot Jupiters radiate more energy than they receive from their star; cold Jupiters do not. 
D)  Hot Jupiters have observed volcanoes; cold Jupiters do not. 
E)  Hot Jupiters were an exciting discovery; cold Jupiters were not. B

Question 2

What role do the observed irregularities in our solar system play in developing models of planetary formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are irrelevant to models of planetary formation. 
B)  They help confirm models that lead to random encounters. 
C)  They help reject models that allow for moons to have retrograde orbits. 
D)  They help reject models that allow for hot Jupiters. 
E)  They indicate that the condensation model is the only possible explanation of how solar systems form. 
A)  They are irrelevant to models of planetary formation. 
B)  They help confirm models that lead to random encounters. 
C)  They help reject models that allow for moons to have retrograde orbits. 
D)  They help reject models that allow for hot Jupiters. 
E)  They indicate that the condensation model is the only possible explanation of how solar systems form. B

Question 3

Collisions or near collisions are necessary to explain the observed irregularities in our solar system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Most extrasolar planets are hot Jupiters,discovered in the infrared by the Spitzer Space telescope.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which molecule has not yet been detected in the atmospheres of exoplanets?

Accepted Answer

A)  methane 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  oxygen 
D)  water 
A)  methane 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  oxygen 
D)  water

Question 6

Most extrasolar Neptunes and Jupiters found to date have:

Accepted Answer

A)  orbits very close to their parent stars, making them hot Neptunes and hot Jupiters. 
B)  orbits that are more eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities greater than 0.1. 
C)  orbits that are less eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities less than 0.01. 
D)  much larger orbits than the jovian planets in our solar system. 
A)  orbits very close to their parent stars, making them hot Neptunes and hot Jupiters. 
B)  orbits that are more eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities greater than 0.1. 
C)  orbits that are less eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities less than 0.01. 
D)  much larger orbits than the jovian planets in our solar system.

Question 7

We now know of over 100 jovian exoplanets,but no terrestrial planets around other stars similar to the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Planet formation happens in newly formed solar systems over the course of about 100 million years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The ________ around a star is the region where liquid water could exist on a planet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ around a star is the...

Question 10

In comparing our own solar system with others found to date,we find:

Accepted Answer

A)  most orbits are less circular than the orbits of planets around our Sun. 
B)  jovians often lie much closer to their suns than ours do. 
C)  multiple planets are found in some systems. 
D)  hot Jupiters, even closer to their stars than Mercury is to our Sun. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  most orbits are less circular than the orbits of planets around our Sun. 
B)  jovians often lie much closer to their suns than ours do. 
C)  multiple planets are found in some systems. 
D)  hot Jupiters, even closer to their stars than Mercury is to our Sun. 
E)  All of the above

Question 11

The habitable zone is largest for:

Accepted Answer

A)  brown dwarfs. 
B)  red dwarfs. 
C)  white dwarfs. 
D)  red giants. 
E)  blue giants. 
A)  brown dwarfs. 
B)  red dwarfs. 
C)  white dwarfs. 
D)  red giants. 
E)  blue giants.

Question 12

Hot Jupiters have ________ period orbits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hot Jupiters have ________ period orbits....

Question 13

As of early 2013,the number of confirmed exoplanets found was:

Accepted Answer

A)  5, all around stars within 20 light years of us. 
B)  42, all much bigger than Jupiter, but orbiting red dwarf stars. 
C)  over 400, orbiting more than 300 stars. 
D)  about 900, mainly around stars much smaller and fainter than our Sun. 
E)  thousands, around every star we have closely examined to date. 
A)  5, all around stars within 20 light years of us. 
B)  42, all much bigger than Jupiter, but orbiting red dwarf stars. 
C)  over 400, orbiting more than 300 stars. 
D)  about 900, mainly around stars much smaller and fainter than our Sun. 
E)  thousands, around every star we have closely examined to date.

Question 14

Astronomers expect extrasolar planetary systems to have very different overall properties than those found in our solar system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

So far,beyond the solar system the exoplanets found have been mostly:

Accepted Answer

A)  large jovians orbiting solar-type stars about where our jovians are found. 
B)  large jovians with terrestrial-type orbits. 
C)  terrestrials very close to their star, and transiting its disk. 
D)  terrestrials with very elongated, distant orbits like comets. 
E)  brown dwarfs much more massive than Jupiter. 
A)  large jovians orbiting solar-type stars about where our jovians are found. 
B)  large jovians with terrestrial-type orbits. 
C)  terrestrials very close to their star, and transiting its disk. 
D)  terrestrials with very elongated, distant orbits like comets. 
E)  brown dwarfs much more massive than Jupiter.

Question 16

Why does the present method of finding extrasolar planets not favor finding solar systems like ours?

Accepted Answer

Doppler shifts are greatest for rapidly

Question 17

Most scientists think catastrophes played little role in the solar system's history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In the process of planetary formation,when would the inward migration of Jupiters have most likely occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  shortly after all of the planets had finished forming 
B)  just after the system was cleared of the remaining gas 
C)  before these planets had grown to full size 
D)  after these planets had reached full size, but before terrestrial planets had finished forming 
E)  at least hundreds of millions of years after planetary formation ended 
A)  shortly after all of the planets had finished forming 
B)  just after the system was cleared of the remaining gas 
C)  before these planets had grown to full size 
D)  after these planets had reached full size, but before terrestrial planets had finished forming 
E)  at least hundreds of millions of years after planetary formation ended

Question 19

Extrasolar planetary systems are similar to our solar system in all of the following ways,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  that planetary orbits are relatively coplanar. 
B)  for the presence of hot Jupiters in some systems. 
C)  that planets orbit in the same direction that their parent star rotates. 
D)  that the systems contain interplanetary debris, such as comets or asteroids. 
E)  None of these are dissimilar to our solar system. 
A)  that planetary orbits are relatively coplanar. 
B)  for the presence of hot Jupiters in some systems. 
C)  that planets orbit in the same direction that their parent star rotates. 
D)  that the systems contain interplanetary debris, such as comets or asteroids. 
E)  None of these are dissimilar to our solar system.

Question 20

Why have very few planets with low mass (comparable to Mars or Mercury)been found?

Accepted Answer

A)  These small planets are very rare. 
B)  Low mass planets do not produce large enough radial velocity changes in their stars. 
C)  High mass planets are blocking our views of low mass planets. 
D)  Hot Jupiters have ejected most low mass planets from their solar systems. 
E)  Low mass planets are too far from their parent stars to receive enough light to make them visible from Earth. 
A)  These small planets are very rare. 
B)  Low mass planets do not produce large enough radial velocity changes in their stars. 
C)  High mass planets are blocking our views of low mass planets. 
D)  Hot Jupiters have ejected most low mass planets from their solar systems. 
E)  Low mass planets are too far from their parent stars to receive enough light to make them visible from Earth.

Exam 15: Exoplanets: Planetary Systems Beyond Our Own

What is the difference between a hot Jupiter and a cold Jupiter?

What role do the observed irregularities in our solar system play in developing models of planetary formation?

Collisions or near collisions are necessary to explain the observed irregularities in our solar system.

Most extrasolar planets are hot Jupiters,discovered in the infrared by the Spitzer Space telescope.

Which molecule has not yet been detected in the atmospheres of exoplanets?

Most extrasolar Neptunes and Jupiters found to date have:

We now know of over 100 jovian exoplanets,but no terrestrial planets around other stars similar to the Sun.

Planet formation happens in newly formed solar systems over the course of about 100 million years.

The ________ around a star is the region where liquid water could exist on a planet.

In comparing our own solar system with others found to date,we find:

The habitable zone is largest for:

Hot Jupiters have ________ period orbits.

As of early 2013,the number of confirmed exoplanets found was:

Astronomers expect extrasolar planetary systems to have very different overall properties than those found in our solar system.

So far,beyond the solar system the exoplanets found have been mostly:

Why does the present method of finding extrasolar planets not favor finding solar systems like ours?

Most scientists think catastrophes played little role in the solar system's history.

In the process of planetary formation,when would the inward migration of Jupiters have most likely occurred?

Extrasolar planetary systems are similar to our solar system in all of the following ways,EXCEPT:

Why have very few planets with low mass (comparable to Mars or Mercury)been found?

Charting the Heavens: The Foundations of Astronomy

The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science

Radiation: Information from the Cosmos

Spectroscopy: The Inner Workings of Atoms

Telescopes: The Tools of Astronomy

The Solar System: Comparative Planetology and Formation Models

Earth: Our Home in Space

The Moon and Mercury: Scorched and Battered Worlds

Venus: Earth's Sister Planet

Mars: A Near Miss for Life?

Jupiter: Giant of the Solar System

Saturn: Spectacular Rings and Mysterious Moons

Uranus and Neptune: The Outer Worlds of the Solar System

Solar System Debris: Keys to Our Origin

The Sun: Our Parent Star

The Stars: Giants,Dwarfs,and the Main Sequence

The Interstellar Medium: Gas and Dust among the Stars

Star Formation: A Traumatic Birth

Stellar Evolution: The Life and Death of a Star

Stellar Explosions: Novae,Supernovae,and the Formation of the Elements

Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Strange States of Matter

The Milky Way Galaxy: A Spiral in Space

Galaxies: Building Blocks of the Universe

Galaxies and Dark Matter: The Large-Scale Structure of the Cosmos

Cosmology: The Big Bang and the Fate of the Universe

The Early Universe: Toward the Beginning of Time

Life in the Universe: Are We Alone?

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