Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a product released by the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Mucus 
B) Enzymes 
C) Chyme 
D) Hormones 
A) Mucus 
B) Enzymes 
C) Chyme 
D) Hormones C

Question 2

Describe the major digestive events taking place in each of the following organs:
a)mouth,
b)stomach,
c)small intestine,
d)large intestine.

Accepted Answer

a) Mouth: In the mouth, the major digestive events include mechanical digestion through the process of chewing, and chemical digestion through the action of salivary amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

b) Stomach: In the stomach, the major digestive events include the mixing and churning of food with gastric juices, which contain hydrochloric acid and pepsin. This helps to break down proteins and kill bacteria present in the food.

c) Small Intestine: In the small intestine, the major digestive events include the further breakdown of food through the action of enzymes from the pancreas, liver, and the intestinal wall. This is where most of the nutrients from the food are absorbed into the bloodstream.

d) Large Intestine: In the large intestine, the major digestive events include the absorption of water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food material, and the formation and elimination of feces. The large intestine also contains beneficial bacteria that help in the fermentation of undigested carbohydrates and the production of certain vitamins.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) It produces pepsinogen. 
B) Parietal cells in gastric pits produce hydrochloric acid. 
C) The main function is absorption. 
D) It has 3 layers of smooth muscle. 
A) It produces pepsinogen. 
B) Parietal cells in gastric pits produce hydrochloric acid. 
C) The main function is absorption. 
D) It has 3 layers of smooth muscle. C

Question 4

Alternative feeding methods and/or special diets are necessary for individuals who are unable to consume food or properly digest and absorb nutrients.Explain how each of the following conditions might impact the process of digestion and nutrient availability.
a)Diseased gallbladder
b)Overuse/abuse of antacids
c)Unable to chew and swallow
d)Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)

Accepted Answer

a) Diseased gallbladder: A diseased gall

Question 5

The urinary and respiratory systems help the body to remove:

Accepted Answer

A) unabsorbed food residue. 
B) metabolic waste products. 
C) excess calories. 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) unabsorbed food residue. 
B) metabolic waste products. 
C) excess calories. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 6

___________ is when all essential nutrients are given directly into the blood stream.

Accepted Answer

A) Enteral feeding 
B) Tube feeding 
C) Total parenteral nutrition 
D) Force feeding 
A) Enteral feeding 
B) Tube feeding 
C) Total parenteral nutrition 
D) Force feeding

Question 7

The function of sphincters in the digestive tract is:

Accepted Answer

A) to coordinate muscular contractions that propel food forward. 
B) to regulate the flow of food. 
C) to control the release of bile. 
D) to regulate enzymatic reactions. 
A) to coordinate muscular contractions that propel food forward. 
B) to regulate the flow of food. 
C) to control the release of bile. 
D) to regulate enzymatic reactions.

Question 8

The formation of chyme occurs in which part of the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Small intestine 
B) Large intestine 
C) Gallbladder 
D) Stomach 
A) Small intestine 
B) Large intestine 
C) Gallbladder 
D) Stomach

Question 9

Which of the following is most likely to inhibit gastric secretion and motility?

Accepted Answer

A) The sight and smell of food 
B) The release of gastrin from the stomach 
C) The passage of chyme into the small intestine 
D) The release of bile from the gallbladder 
A) The sight and smell of food 
B) The release of gastrin from the stomach 
C) The passage of chyme into the small intestine 
D) The release of bile from the gallbladder

Question 10

What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics? How can these be used to promote gastrointestinal health?

Accepted Answer

Probiotics and prebiotics are both impor

Question 11

Which of the following meals is likely to stay in the stomach the longest?

Accepted Answer

A) Cheeseburger,small French fries,small soft drink,ice cream 
B) Grilled chicken breast,mashed potato with butter,green beans,skim milk 
C) Tuna sandwich on whole wheat,pickle,ice tea 
D) Rice Krispies,skim milk,blueberries,coffee 
A) Cheeseburger,small French fries,small soft drink,ice cream 
B) Grilled chicken breast,mashed potato with butter,green beans,skim milk 
C) Tuna sandwich on whole wheat,pickle,ice tea 
D) Rice Krispies,skim milk,blueberries,coffee

Question 12

There are several mechanisms whereby nutrients can be absorbed,including simple diffusion,facilitated diffusion,and active transport.Explain each of these absorptive processes.

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion is the process by which

Question 13

The primary site of nutrient absorption is the:

Accepted Answer

A) liver. 
B) large intestine. 
C) stomach. 
D) small intestine. 
A) liver. 
B) large intestine. 
C) stomach. 
D) small intestine.

Question 14

The internal lining of the gastrointestinal tract is the:

Accepted Answer

A) submucosa. 
B) serosa. 
C) muscularis. 
D) mucosa. 
A) submucosa. 
B) serosa. 
C) muscularis. 
D) mucosa.

Question 15

What regulates the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes? Describe how this process works.

Accepted Answer

The release of bile and pancreatic enzym

Question 16

Identify the organs of the digestive system.Briefly describe the digestive process that occurs in each organ or section of the system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the organs of the digestive system.Briefly...

Question 17

Which of the following sequences is organized from the simplest to the most complex arrangement?

Accepted Answer

A) atoms : molecules : tissues : organs 
B) molecules : tissues : atoms : organs 
C) tissues: atoms : molecules : organs 
D) atoms : organs : tissues : molecules 
A) atoms : molecules : tissues : organs 
B) molecules : tissues : atoms : organs 
C) tissues: atoms : molecules : organs 
D) atoms : organs : tissues : molecules

Question 18

The absorptive surface of the small intestine is increased by the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A) sphincters. 
B) microvilli. 
C) enterocytes. 
D) gastric pits. 
A) sphincters. 
B) microvilli. 
C) enterocytes. 
D) gastric pits.

Question 19

The release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the small intestine is controlled by:

Accepted Answer

A) secretin and CCK. 
B) stimulation of stretch receptors in the stomach. 
C) gastrin. 
D) salivary amylase. 
A) secretin and CCK. 
B) stimulation of stretch receptors in the stomach. 
C) gastrin. 
D) salivary amylase.

Question 20

At different stages of life,special diets may be needed to maximize nutrient intake and absorption.How does the digestive system of an infant differ from that of an older adult?

Accepted Answer

The digestive system of an infant differ

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Which of the following is NOT a product released by the GI tract?

Describe the major digestive events taking place in each of the following organs: a)mouth, b)stomach, c)small intestine, d)large intestine.

Which of the following is NOT true of the stomach?

The urinary and respiratory systems help the body to remove:

___________ is when all essential nutrients are given directly into the blood stream.

The function of sphincters in the digestive tract is:

The formation of chyme occurs in which part of the GI tract?

Which of the following is most likely to inhibit gastric secretion and motility?

What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics? How can these be used to promote gastrointestinal health?

Which of the following meals is likely to stay in the stomach the longest?

There are several mechanisms whereby nutrients can be absorbed,including simple diffusion,facilitated diffusion,and active transport.Explain each of these absorptive processes.

The primary site of nutrient absorption is the:

The internal lining of the gastrointestinal tract is the:

What regulates the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes? Describe how this process works.

Identify the organs of the digestive system.Briefly describe the digestive process that occurs in each organ or section of the system.

Which of the following sequences is organized from the simplest to the most complex arrangement?

The absorptive surface of the small intestine is increased by the presence of:

The release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the small intestine is controlled by:

At different stages of life,special diets may be needed to maximize nutrient intake and absorption.How does the digestive system of an infant differ from that of an older adult?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: The Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus on Alcohol

Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitaminnonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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