Question 1

Antigen receptors give __________ the collective potential to recognize billions of different antigens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antigen receptors give __________ the collective potential...

Question 2

Some clones of the original immune cells are __________ cells,long-lived B and T cells reserved for future encounters with the antigen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some clones of the original immune cells...

Question 3

Phagocytes fol¬low a chemical trail of complement and cytokines to affected tissues in a process known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytosis 
B)  activation 
C)  inflammation 
D)  adaptive response 
E)  chemotaxis 
A)  phagocytosis 
B)  activation 
C)  inflammation 
D)  adaptive response 
E)  chemotaxis

Question 4

Which is the only antibody that can cross the pla¬centa to protect a fetus before its own immune system becomes active?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgM 
D)  I gG 
E)  IgD 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgM 
D)  I gG 
E)  IgD

Question 5

______________ degranulate in response to neuromodu-lators released at the site of tissue damage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mast cells 
B)  Basophil 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  NK cells 
E)  T cells 
A)  Mast cells 
B)  Basophil 
C)  Macrophages 
D)  NK cells 
E)  T cells

Question 6

In ABO blood typing,____occurs when the patient's blood sample is mixed with antibodies that recognize the H antigen on the red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In ABO blood typing,____occurs when the patient's...

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT correct in context with the NK cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  NK cells cannot kill body cells that lack MHC markers. 
B)  NK cells rec¬ognize certain proteins displayed by body cells that are under stress. 
C)  NK cells can operate early in immune defenses 
D)  NK cells can kill infected or ailing body cells. 
E)  Cytokines secreted by helper T cells stimulate NK cell division 
A)  NK cells cannot kill body cells that lack MHC markers. 
B)  NK cells rec¬ognize certain proteins displayed by body cells that are under stress. 
C)  NK cells can operate early in immune defenses 
D)  NK cells can kill infected or ailing body cells. 
E)  Cytokines secreted by helper T cells stimulate NK cell division

Question 8

Figure 37.12
 
-The letter "B" from the accompanying figure represents ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  complement 
B)  MHC markers with antigen expressed to the surface of a cell 
C)  lysosome with MHC molecule 
D)  plasma membranes fusing 
E)  MHC recycling 
A)  complement 
B)  MHC markers with antigen expressed to the surface of a cell 
C)  lysosome with MHC molecule 
D)  plasma membranes fusing 
E)  MHC recycling

Question 9

Match each term with the most appropriate statement.
-antigens

Accepted Answer

A) cells originating from antigen-presenting dendritic cells, activates other lymphocytes in an adaptive immune response 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) coats invading cells to facilitate its phagocytosis; also punctures their cell membrane 
E) antibody-manufacturing cells that are produced and mature in the bone marrow
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)lymphocyte that has never bound to an antigen
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a secondary immune response
N)the AIDs virus represses the expression of these 
A) cells originating from antigen-presenting dendritic cells, activates other lymphocytes in an adaptive immune response 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) coats invading cells to facilitate its phagocytosis; also punctures their cell membrane 
E) antibody-manufacturing cells that are produced and mature in the bone marrow
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)lymphocyte that has never bound to an antigen
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a secondary immune response
N)the AIDs virus represses the expression of these

Question 10

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the five types of white cells listed below.
-Antibody production occurs in these cells.

Accepted Answer

A) macrophages 
B) helper T cells 
C) B cells 
D) cytotoxic T cells 
E) natural killer cells 
A) macrophages 
B) helper T cells 
C) B cells 
D) cytotoxic T cells 
E) natural killer cells

Question 11

After responding to complement,the main function of dendritic cells is to present antigen to which cells in an adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mast cells 
B)  Basophil 
C)  B cells 
D)  NK cells 
E)  T cells 
A)  Mast cells 
B)  Basophil 
C)  B cells 
D)  NK cells 
E)  T cells

Question 12

Figure 37.9A
 
-The variable region of a light chain,produced by the alternative gene splicing of many versions of gene segments,____.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 13

A persistent pathogen can evade the host immune system by

Accepted Answer

A)  evolving changes in its envelope structure. 
B)  disrupting complement function. 
C)  producing toxins that inhibit phagocyte movement. 
D)  disrupting immune signaling. 
E)  slowing down its replication. 
A)  evolving changes in its envelope structure. 
B)  disrupting complement function. 
C)  producing toxins that inhibit phagocyte movement. 
D)  disrupting immune signaling. 
E)  slowing down its replication.

Question 14

These bind,as in a lock-and-key mechanism,to foreign proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) antigens 
B) antibodies 
C) helper T cells 
D) cytotoxic T cells 
E) effector B cells 
A) antigens 
B) antibodies 
C) helper T cells 
D) cytotoxic T cells 
E) effector B cells

Question 15

T cell receptors recognize ______,distinguishing cells that belong to the body from infected body cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  antigens 
B)  MHC markers 
C)  antigens and MHC markers 
D)  complement 
E)  cytokines and complement 
A)  antigens 
B)  MHC markers 
C)  antigens and MHC markers 
D)  complement 
E)  cytokines and complement

Question 16

Ig stands for __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ig stands for __________....

Question 17

Degranulating leukocytes release ______,which cause(s)nearby arterioles to widen,increasing blood flow.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokines 
B)  histamine 
C)  complement 
D)  neuromodulators 
E)  PAMP 
A)  cytokines 
B)  histamine 
C)  complement 
D)  neuromodulators 
E)  PAMP

Question 18

The bacteria-killing ______ is found in most epithelial tissue secretions.

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase 
B)  gastric juices 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  lactate 
E)  DNAase 
A)  amylase 
B)  gastric juices 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  lactate 
E)  DNAase

Question 19

A condition in which microorgan¬isms secrete destructive enzymes and acids that cause inflammation of the surrounding gum is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal flora 
B)  shivering 
C)  hypervariable 
D)  periodontitis 
E)  dental plaque 
A)  normal flora 
B)  shivering 
C)  hypervariable 
D)  periodontitis 
E)  dental plaque

Question 20

Which is antibody is secreted as a dimer for stability and is found in mucus and other exo¬crine gland secretions?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgD 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgE 
C)  IgM 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgD

Exam 37: Immunity

Antigen receptors give __________ the collective potential to recognize billions of different antigens.

Some clones of the original immune cells are __________ cells,long-lived B and T cells reserved for future encounters with the antigen.

Phagocytes fol¬low a chemical trail of complement and cytokines to affected tissues in a process known as ______.

Which is the only antibody that can cross the pla¬centa to protect a fetus before its own immune system becomes active?

______________ degranulate in response to neuromodu-lators released at the site of tissue damage.

In ABO blood typing,____occurs when the patient's blood sample is mixed with antibodies that recognize the H antigen on the red blood cells.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct in context with the NK cells?

Figure 37.12 -The letter "B" from the accompanying figure represents ____.

Match each term with the most appropriate statement. -antigens

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the five types of white cells listed below. -Antibody production occurs in these cells.

After responding to complement,the main function of dendritic cells is to present antigen to which cells in an adaptive immune response?

Figure 37.9A -The variable region of a light chain,produced by the alternative gene splicing of many versions of gene segments,____.

A persistent pathogen can evade the host immune system by

These bind,as in a lock-and-key mechanism,to foreign proteins.

T cell receptors recognize ______,distinguishing cells that belong to the body from infected body cells.

Ig stands for __________.

Degranulating leukocytes release ______,which cause(s)nearby arterioles to widen,increasing blood flow.

The bacteria-killing ______ is found in most epithelial tissue secretions.

A condition in which microorgan¬isms secrete destructive enzymes and acids that cause inflammation of the surrounding gum is called ________.

Which is antibody is secreted as a dimer for stability and is found in mucus and other exo¬crine gland secretions?

Invitation to Biology

Life's Chemical Bases

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where it Starts—Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information about Species

Life's Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates

Animal Evolution: The Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive System

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters