Question 1

________ rotated 360 degrees on its axis is called a dome.

Accepted Answer

A)  A pier 
B)  An arch 
C)  A capital 
D)  A portico 
E)  A vault 
A)  A pier 
B)  An arch 
C)  A capital 
D)  A portico 
E)  A vault B

Question 2

Describe how reinforced concrete works and explain how this product lends itself to create free-form organic shapes. Give an example of a building that employs this material, how it was innovative in design, and how the design integrated with the location of the structure.

Accepted Answer

Reinforced concrete's base is a mixture of cement, gravel and water, and when poured will assume the shape of any mold. It requires an inner structure, such as iron rods, to give it tensile strength. The Sydney Opera House uses precast reinforced sections to create the soaring shell-like forms. So innovative was its concept that necessary technology had to be invented as the project went along. Planned as a symbol of the great port city in whose harbor it stands, the Opera House conveys the look of a clipper ship at full sail.

Question 3

Outline the main goals of green architecture, describing how an architect or group of architects achieved each of those goals in a specific structure. Discuss the advantages and difficulties of green architecture in terms of meeting environmentalist objectives and the needs of those who will be living and/or working within them.

Accepted Answer

Increasing awareness of environmental concerns has created a growing interest in healthy, efficient homes. Architects have a common objective to design and build structures that reduce the overall impact of health safety and the environment, which is an advantage of green architecture. However, while many people would opt for a green structure, the cost of building one can be beyond the range of most budgets.

Question 4

The Taj Mahal was built by the 17th-century Moslem emperor for what purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  As a mosque 
B)  As a monument 
C)  As a tomb for his relatives 
D)  As a tomb for his wife 
E)  As a home 
A)  As a mosque 
B)  As a monument 
C)  As a tomb for his relatives 
D)  As a tomb for his wife 
E)  As a home

Question 5

Builders of Gothic cathedrals reinforced the walls of their architecture from the outside with

Accepted Answer

A)  piers. 
B)  Corinthian columns. 
C)  flying buttresses. 
D)  groin vaults. 
E)  both piers and flying buttresses. 
A)  piers. 
B)  Corinthian columns. 
C)  flying buttresses. 
D)  groin vaults. 
E)  both piers and flying buttresses.

Question 6

The round opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  rotunda. 
B)  oculus. 
C)  pendentive. 
D)  coffer. 
E)  cantilever. 
A)  rotunda. 
B)  oculus. 
C)  pendentive. 
D)  coffer. 
E)  cantilever.

Question 7

The ability of a material to span horizontal distances with a minimum of support is called

Accepted Answer

A)  vaulting. 
B)  tensile strength. 
C)  tension. 
D)  buttressing. 
E)  compression. 
A)  vaulting. 
B)  tensile strength. 
C)  tension. 
D)  buttressing. 
E)  compression.

Question 8

Consider Lever House and Fallingwater. Identify the architects who designed each structure and the ways that purpose, location, and the architect's understanding of modernism influenced the appearance and design of each structure.

Accepted Answer

Fallingwater, designed by Frank Lloyd Wr

Question 9

Fallingwater (the Kaufmann House in Mill Run, Pennsylvania) is a prime example of the "organic" architecture of

Accepted Answer

A)  Frank Lloyd Wright. 
B)  Le Corbusier. 
C)  Frank Gehry. 
D)  I. M. Pei. 
E)  John Russell Pope. 
A)  Frank Lloyd Wright. 
B)  Le Corbusier. 
C)  Frank Gehry. 
D)  I. M. Pei. 
E)  John Russell Pope.

Question 10

Using a steel framework with masonry sheathing, the ________, designed by Louis Sullivan, is thought by many to be the first genuinely modern building.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wainwright Building 
B)  Eiffel Tower 
C)  Crystal Palace 
D)  Lever House 
E)  Chrysler Building 
A)  Wainwright Building 
B)  Eiffel Tower 
C)  Crystal Palace 
D)  Lever House 
E)  Chrysler Building

Question 11

Identify and describe the impact of one architect of the 20th and/or 21st century whom you consider a major technical, artistic, or philosophical innovator. Discuss at least one structure designed by this architect as an example of his/her innovations.

Accepted Answer

Responses will vary based on s

Question 12

Discuss the major tenets of Frank Lloyd Wright's theories of domestic architecture, identifying aspects of specific structures that illustrate his success in realizing these tenets in homes he designed.

Accepted Answer

Wright's approach to domestic architectu

Question 13

Evaluate R. Buckminster Fuller's impact on architectural design and philosophy.

Accepted Answer

Fuller explored the principles of energy

Question 14

According to the author, a ________ is actually an arch extended in depth, as if there are "many arches placed flush one behind the other."

Accepted Answer

A)  buttress 
B)  pediment 
C)  volute 
D)  barrel vault 
E)  pier 
A)  buttress 
B)  pediment 
C)  volute 
D)  barrel vault 
E)  pier

Question 15

The Byodo-in Temple in Kyoto, Japan, is an elegant example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the International style. 
B)  postmodern architecture. 
C)  the Neoclassical style. 
D)  Gothic architecture. 
E)  post-and-lintel architecture. 
A)  the International style. 
B)  postmodern architecture. 
C)  the Neoclassical style. 
D)  Gothic architecture. 
E)  post-and-lintel architecture.

Question 16

A flying buttress is an arched exterior support system found on

Accepted Answer

A)  a mosque. 
B)  a Roman bridge. 
C)  a geodesic dome. 
D)  a Gothic cathedral. 
E)  a fountain. 
A)  a mosque. 
B)  a Roman bridge. 
C)  a geodesic dome. 
D)  a Gothic cathedral. 
E)  a fountain.

Question 17

When a large hall is built using post-and-lintel construction methods, the resulting "virtual forest of columns" is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  nave. 
B)  barrel vault. 
C)  hypostyle hall. 
D)  groin vault. 
E)  portico. 
A)  nave. 
B)  barrel vault. 
C)  hypostyle hall. 
D)  groin vault. 
E)  portico.

Question 18

Stacking and piling is another term for

Accepted Answer

A)  post-and-lintel. 
B)  arch and vault. 
C)  load-bearing construction. 
D)  the mending of stone fences. 
E)  None of these answers is correct. 
A)  post-and-lintel. 
B)  arch and vault. 
C)  load-bearing construction. 
D)  the mending of stone fences. 
E)  None of these answers is correct.

Question 19

The skeleton-and-skin structure, the Crystal Palace, was designed by ____________ in 1851.

Accepted Answer

A)  Louis Sullivan 
B)  Gustav Eiffel 
C)  Frank Lloyd Wright 
D)  Joseph Paxton 
E)  John R. Pope 
A)  Louis Sullivan 
B)  Gustav Eiffel 
C)  Frank Lloyd Wright 
D)  Joseph Paxton 
E)  John R. Pope

Question 20

The International style emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  clean lines. 
B)  geometric form. 
C)  avoidance of superficial decoration. 
D)  all of these: clean lines, geometric form, and avoidance of superficial decoration. 
E)  None of these answers is correct. 
A)  clean lines. 
B)  geometric form. 
C)  avoidance of superficial decoration. 
D)  all of these: clean lines, geometric form, and avoidance of superficial decoration. 
E)  None of these answers is correct.

Exam 13: Architecture

________ rotated 360 degrees on its axis is called a dome.

Describe how reinforced concrete works and explain how this product lends itself to create free-form organic shapes. Give an example of a building that employs this material, how it was innovative in design, and how the design integrated with the location of the structure.

The Taj Mahal was built by the 17th-century Moslem emperor for what purpose?

Builders of Gothic cathedrals reinforced the walls of their architecture from the outside with

The round opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called a(n)

The ability of a material to span horizontal distances with a minimum of support is called

Consider Lever House and Fallingwater. Identify the architects who designed each structure and the ways that purpose, location, and the architect's understanding of modernism influenced the appearance and design of each structure.

Fallingwater (the Kaufmann House in Mill Run, Pennsylvania) is a prime example of the "organic" architecture of

Using a steel framework with masonry sheathing, the ________, designed by Louis Sullivan, is thought by many to be the first genuinely modern building.

Identify and describe the impact of one architect of the 20th and/or 21st century whom you consider a major technical, artistic, or philosophical innovator. Discuss at least one structure designed by this architect as an example of his/her innovations.

Discuss the major tenets of Frank Lloyd Wright's theories of domestic architecture, identifying aspects of specific structures that illustrate his success in realizing these tenets in homes he designed.

Evaluate R. Buckminster Fuller's impact on architectural design and philosophy.

According to the author, a ________ is actually an arch extended in depth, as if there are "many arches placed flush one behind the other."

The Byodo-in Temple in Kyoto, Japan, is an elegant example of

A flying buttress is an arched exterior support system found on

When a large hall is built using post-and-lintel construction methods, the resulting "virtual forest of columns" is called a

Stacking and piling is another term for

The skeleton-and-skin structure, the Crystal Palace, was designed by ____________ in 1851.

The International style emphasizes

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