Deck 9: Gender and Sexuality

Question 1

Intersexuals are those who are attracted to both sexes.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Feminists are divided over the opinion that women should have more control over their lives.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Angie is considered genderqueer, which means she identifies her gender as falling outside the two-gender system.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

_____ are people whose medical classification at birth isn't clearly either male or female.

A) Asexuals
B) Heterosexuals
C) Homosexuals
D) Bisexuals
E) Intersexuals

Question 5

The United States ranks 20th on the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) score.

Question 6

Female genital mutilation was an ancient practice, which is no longer in effect.

Question 7

Estelle is conservative in her views on family issues.She is more likely to support gay marriages.

Question 8

More Americans describe themselves as "pro-choice" than "pro-life."

Question 9

Women are more likely to be hired if they earn doctoral degrees in male-dominated STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) fields.

Question 10

Russia is one of the few liberal nations that support homosexuality.

Question 11

George is a job seeker whose education and vocational training is a part of his human capital.

Question 12

There's a lingering sexism, among both men and women, that female politicians are less feminine and compassionate than the average woman.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of gender?

A) It is an innate trait.
B) It is based on physical traits.
C) It is based on social and cultural expectations.
D) It influences our behavior but does not determine how we think or feel.
E) It refers to the biological characteristics with which we are born.

Question 14

Men are more likely than women to be bisexual.

Question 15

Sexual harassment does not include verbal behavior, but only physical contact.

Question 16

Katie does not like wearing baggy pants because she thinks they do not look feminine.Katie's opinion is based on her perception of _____.

A) sexual
B) sexual orientation
C) sexual script
D) gender
E) gender stratification

Question 17

_____ refers to the biological characteristics with which we are born-chromosomes, anatomy, hormones, and other physical and physiological attributes.

A) Gender
B) Sex
C) Intellect
D) Physique
E) Figure

Question 18

Maria delivered her baby in a city hospital.Although the baby was born healthy, the doctors were not able to determine the baby's sex as the baby's internal reproductive organs were not fully developed.In this case, Maria has given birth to a(n) --_____.

A) heterosexual
B) homosexual
C) intersexual
D) bisexual
E) asexual

Question 19

Functionalists take a neutral stand on sexual relationships outside of marriage.

Question 20

Eighty-seven percent of Afghan women report experiencing physical, psychological, or sexual abuse.

Question 21

Teenagers are more likely to engage in sex at any early age if they:

A) have authoritative parents.
B) achieve good grades and are popular.
C) use alcohol or other drugs or experience domestic violence.
D) are religious in their views and beliefs.
E) believe that it will not lead to the commitments of a serious relationship.

Question 22

Cleo lives in a town where people look down on women who have multiple sexual partners.However, men can have as many partners as they wish.Some people even expect girls to have sex only after marriage.In this scenario, people of the town display _____.

A) radical feminism
B) heterosexism
C) hypersexualization of women
D) sexual double standard
E) gender pay gap

Question 23

In the context of gender disparity in U.S.elective offices, women are the most underrepresented as _____.

A) member of the senate
B) mayor
C) secretary of state
D) governor
E) state comptroller

Question 24

_____ is a code that permits greater sexual freedom for men than women.

A) Acculturation
B) Male chauvinism
C) Gender stratification
D) Gender expression
E) Sexual double standard

Question 25

Which of the following is a major reason for the decrease in abortion rates?

A) Passing of rules that legalize the age for sexual relations
B) Increasing religious inclination of people
C) Greater access to emergency contraception
D) Changing views of the youth on sex and raising children
E) Government's declaration of increasing child welfare benefits

Question 26

Marie is a nurse at the city hospital.Ninety-eight percent of her colleagues are female.This stark imbalance in gender ratio is an example of _____.

A) acculturation
B) assimilation
C) individual discrimination
D) occupational sex segregation
E) gender pay gap

Question 27

_____ are social structures that enable people's unequal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, opportunity, and other valued resources because of their sex.

A) Political action committees
B) Booster clubs
C) Gendered institutions
D) Total institutions
E) Virtual organizations

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true of the gender pay gap?

A) The average woman must work almost nine extra weeks every year to make the same wages as a man.
B) Women receive half the pay men receive for the same work.
C) Beyond a certain designation, men and women receive equal pay for equal work.
D) Women are paid less than men because they are generally less qualified than men in almost all fields.
E) The gender pay gap continues to increase even as women on average work for more hours than men.

Question 29

Victor believes that he does not need to have a low opinion of women just because he is a man.He chooses to treat them with equality and respect.This scenario illustrates Victor's _____.

A) sexual identity
B) sexual orientation
C) gender identity
D) gender role
E) homosexuality

Question 30

Two of the most controversial and politically contested issues continue to be abortion and _____.

A) teen pregnancy
B) same-sex marriage
C) the use of contraceptives
D) the legal age for sexual intercourse
E) morality of live-in relations

Question 31

Sandra is amazed at the choice of clothes of her six-year-old daughter, Maggie.She notices that Maggie has developed a fashion sense, which she insists on following.She also changes her clothing style according to those worn by her favorite TV stars.This is an example of _____.

A) sexual double standard
B) women's increasing hypersexualization
C) sexual orientation
D) heterosexism
E) feminization of society

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true in the context of gender, family life, and work conflicts?

A) Mothers spend four hours a week, on an average, doing household repairs and maintenance.
B) Mothers spend more hours each week in paid work than do fathers.
C) Fathers are much more likely than mothers to worry about not spending enough time with their children.
D) Ninety-five percent of fathers say it is difficult to juggle work and family responsibility.
E) Since 1965, fathers have spent more time in paid work and less time on child care and housework.

Question 33

_____ refers to people's unequal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, and other valued resources because of their sex.

A) Acculturation
B) Meritocracy
C) A glass ceiling
D) Gender stratification
E) A glass escalator

Question 34

A majority of adults aged 45 and older agree that:

A) marital sexual frequency increases with age.
B) staying single is better than getting married or having a relationship.
C) oral sex is more satisfying than vaginal sex.
D) having a satisfying sexual relationship is important, but it's not their top priority.
E) casual sex proves to be less satisfying with age.

Question 35

Which of the following is a disadvantage of hooking up?

A) It reinforces a sexual double standard.
B) It is more expensive than dating.
C) It comes with the responsibilities of a time-consuming relationship.
D) It involves dealing with a boyfriend or girlfriend, which may interfere with schoolwork.
E) It is more sexually gratifying for women than men.

Question 36

Jonathan's parents suspect that he is gay, and they decide to have a discussion with him about it.They want Jonathan to conform to the societal norms of heterosexuality.In this scenario, Jonathan's parents are apprehensive of his _____.

A) asexuality
B) sexual orientation
C) gender identity
D) gender role
E) gender stereotype

Question 37

A _____ specifies the formal and informal norms for acceptable or unacceptable sexual behavior.

A) manuscript
B) social story
C) sexual standard
D) total institution
E) sexual script

Question 38

_____ is a fear and hatred of lesbians and gays.

A) Androphobia
B) Xenophobia
C) Homophobia
D) Algophobia
E) Pedophobia

Question 39

Lisa has a number of close friends of both sexes.However, she is not attracted to either sex.In this scenario, Lisa is _____.

A) homosexual
B) bisexual
C) heterosexual
D) intersexual
E) asexual

Question 40

Which of the following statements describes the phenomenon of "the feminization of higher education"?

A) Women are more likely than are men to be selected for higher management positions.
B) Women across all racial and ethnic groups are more likely than men to finish college.
C) Women outnumber men by far in college admissions.
D) Colleges increasingly focus on educating people about feminism and its effects.
E) Students prefer female professors to male professors, which has led to an increase in their numbers.

Question 41

Which of the following country's parliament recently, and unanimously, passed a law that bans lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgender relationships and forbids distributing material on gay rights?

A) Russia
B) China
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Indonesia
E) Afghanistan

Question 42

The United States ranks _____ in women's political leadership.

A) 2nd
B) 80th
C) 23rd
D) 64th
E) 10th

Question 43

In the context of gender roles played by men and women, functionalists argue that men typically play a(n) _____ of economic provider.

A) communicative role
B) expressive role
C) submissive role
D) instrumental role
E) emotional role

Question 44

Philip and Roger have decided to get married.However, their decision has received a mixed response from the society.Who among the following is most likely to support their marriage?

A) Martha, a 55-year-old
B) Aaron, a fervent Jew
C) Ricardo, a homophobic
D) Chris, a 20-year-old
E) Peter, an orthodox Christian

Question 45

Angela is a medical student.Her views on abortion are the same as a strong majority of Americans.This implies that:

A) she wants to keep it legal.
B) she wants it to be made illegal in all cases.
C) she believes the choice should be left with the mother.
D) she supports it only if the reason is a health issue.
E) she supports it only if it is carried out in the first trimester.

Question 46

Alexis has a doctorate in physics.Despite being highly qualified, she earns much less than her male counterparts.Among the countries in the European Union, such a pay gap is commonly seen in _____.

A) Croatia
B) Spain
C) Austria
D) Germany
E) Poland

Question 47

David, during a tour of Asian countries, witnessed honor killing in a village in Pakistan.Which of the following statements defines this term?

A) The killing of an animal, as sacrifice, for a religious ritual
B) The offering of a child as sacrifice, as a part of a religious ritual to ensure continued prosperity of the family
C) The killing of a woman after her husband's death
D) The murder of a girl child because she is considered a financial burden
E) The murder of a family member who is believed to have shamed the family by wearing inappropriate clothes

Question 48

Florence liked her job profile and salary.However, when she returned from a four-month maternity leave she found that her profile had been altered and she was not eligible for a promotion that year.According to functionalists, Florence's _____ had deteriorated in this scenario.

A) human capital
B) health
C) charisma
D) professionalism
E) expressive role

Question 49

Which of the following is true of abortions?

A) Abortion is most common among women who are in their twenties, white, and never married.
B) Most of the women who get abortions do not have any children.
C) Most women getting abortions belong to upper middle class and upper class.
D) Abortion is specific to certain religions.
E) Most women getting abortions lack even the basic education.

Question 50

One of the factors considered while calculating the Global Gender Gap Index is _____.

A) marital status
B) religious affiliation
C) economic opportunity
D) sexual orientation
E) gender identity

Question 51

Claudia resigned from her job when she was expecting a child.She now stays at home looking after her baby and being a moral support to her husband.In this scenario, according to functionalists, Claudia plays the _____.

A) influential role
B) contributory role
C) expressive role
D) dominant role
E) instrumental role

Question 52

Identify a measure that the government has taken to restrict abortion.

A) Penalizing women with a fine of $5000
B) Suspending the licenses of doctors who agree to carry out the procedure
C) Cutting public funding for abortions for low-income women
D) Evicting women from public housing if they get an abortion
E) Mandating women to undertake a session on the harmful effects of abortion

Question 53

Which of the following is an argument used against the legalization of gay marriages?

A) Children raised by gay parents are worse off than those raised by heterosexual parents.
B) Children raised by gay parents do not develop a healthy sexual identity.
C) Gay marriages are not stable and do not last.
D) An economy fails to gain from gay marriages because they have a negative impact on businesses.
E) People can love each other without getting married.

Question 54

Which of the following is a key point of the conflict theory on gender and sexuality?

A) Agreed-on sexual norms contribute to a society's order and stability.
B) Most societies regulate women's, but not men's, sexual behavior.
C) Women's inequality reflects their historical and current domination by men, especially in the workplace.
D) Gender is a social construction that emerges and is reinforced through everyday interactions.
E) Social construction of sexuality varies across cultures because of societal norms and values.

Question 55

Which of the following countries has the highest percentage of women in high-level political positions?

A) Rwanda
B) Chile
C) Peru
D) Jordan
E) Egypt

Question 56

Mirembe, a 20-year-old Ethiopian villager, was delivering her first child.She developed complications and died while trying to give birth.The doctor later informed her family that the complications were due to a procedure that Mirembe underwent in childhood, which restricted the baby from emerging.Mirembe's complications were, most likely, a result of _____.

A) cosmetic surgery
B) female genital mutilation
C) a miscarriage
D) an abortion
E) vaginal reconstruction surgery

Question 57

Which of the following is a common characteristic of women getting abortions?

A) They haven't had children before.
B) They have incomes near or below the poverty level.
C) They enjoy a good relationship with their partners.
D) They are usually divorced or widowed.
E) They are rich and want to maintain a lifestyle free from responsibilities.

Question 58

Which of the following is one of the five bottom countries in gender equality?

A) New Zealand
B) Finland
C) United States
D) Sweden
E) Yemen

Question 59

Worldwide variation in the context of gender inequality and sexual oppression shows that:

A) behavior is learned, not innate.
B) genetic mutation is the most significant factor in determining behavior.
C) social, cultural norms are not strong enough to overcome inherent human tendencies.
D) gender inequality is widespread in Third-World countries.
E) religion breeds discrimination.

Question 60

On a physical level, a legal abortion in the first trimester (up to 12 weeks):

A) can cause minor discomfort for a few months.
B) can endanger the mother's life.
C) is the same as killing a newborn baby.
D) leads to severe internal bleeding.
E) is safer than continuing a pregnancy.

Question 61

Describe the transgender categories.

Question 62

Cynthia has been a victim of a glass ceiling in her organization.She has been denied promotion numerous times in spite of being a deserving employee.She believes gender equality could be achieved if her organization gave men and women equal opportunities.In this scenario, Cynthia is a _____.

A) racial ethnic feminist
B) multiracial feminist
C) multicultural feminist
D) liberal feminist
E) radical feminist

Question 63

Describe the difference in sexuality as people age.

Question 64

Briefly explain the four types of sexual orientations.

Question 65

What are the three prominent feminist explanations of gender roles?

Question 66

Which of the following is a limitation of the conflict theory?

A) Conflict theorists focus on male-female competition rather than cooperation.
B) Conflict theorists emphasize the common goals of men and women rather than their differences.
C) Conflict theorists fail to consider the submissive nature of women.
D) Conflict theorists focus too much on women's exploitation of other women.
E) Conflict theorists do not view sexuality as a key component of a society's organization.

Question 67

Briefly describe the role of women in U.S.politics.

Question 68

Discuss the views in favor of and against abortion.

Question 69

Explain gender stratification in family life.

Question 70

Describe occupational sex segregation.

Question 71

Briefly explain the factors that shape one's sexual orientation.

Question 72

In the context of gender and sexuality, what are the limitations of the functionalist theory?

Question 73

Define gender.

Question 74

What are the reasons for the decrease in abortion rates?

Question 75

_____ contends that patriarchy is the major reason for men's dominance over women, including sexual exploitation.

A) Multiracial feminism
B) Racial ethnic feminism
C) Multicultural feminism
D) Liberal feminism
E) Radical feminism

Question 76

Elaborate on gender pay gap.

Question 77

Comment on the greater acceptance of LGBTs in current times.

Question 78

Define same-sex marriages, and state the benefits to which same-sex couples are entitled.

Question 79

_____ believe that gender is a social creation, and gender inequality is shaped by learning gender roles through daily social interaction.

A) Liberal feminists
B) Functionalists
C) Symbolic interactionists
D) Conflict theorists
E) Radical feminists

Question 80

Aditi, a 22-year-old, married a boy chosen by her parents.She had never met the boy before, but agreed to the marriage out of respect for her parents' wishes.This scenario is an example of a(n) _____.

A) outdated marriage
B) child marriage
C) arranged marriage
D) religious marriage
E) forced marriage