Deck 6: Love and Loving Relationships

Question 1

Which component of love refers to a person's intention to remain in a relationship and work through problems?

A) fun
B) intimacy
C) honesty
D) commitment

Answer 1

D

Question 2

According to evolutionary psychologists, twice as many men as women report jealousy over a mate's sexual infidelity.Assess why the evolutionary theory proposed this.

Answer 2

According to evolutionary psychologists, jealousy evolved a million or so years ago.Men worried about sexual infidelity because they might unknowingly end up raising someone else's child rather than passing on their own genes.In contrast, women were more concerned about their partners' emotional rather than sexual entanglements.If a man became emotionally attached to other women, women worried about who would bring home food to ensure the family's survival.Thus, according to evolutionary psychologists, twice as many men as women report jealousy over a mate's sexual infidelity.

Question 3

________ perspectives maintain that love is grounded in chemistry and evolution.

A) Biological
B) Psychological
C) Sociological
D) Anthropological

Answer 3

A

Question 4

James and Lily have a casual approach toward their relationship.They have several partners and are not possessive about each other.Their relationship is based on fun and lacks any emotional support.This is an example of a(n)________ style of love.

A) manic
B) eros
C) ludus
D) storge

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of acceptance, one of the eight qualities of friendship?

A) Harry often relies on Matt to support him during difficult times.
B) Isabelle shares her thoughts and feelings with Tony.
C) John enjoys spending time with Clara.
D) Tanya tolerates Keith's shortcomings and inadequacies.

Question 6

According to sociologist John Lee, which style of love is based on practical considerations such as compatibility?

A) storge
B) agape
C) pragma
D) ludus

Question 7

Jim found out that his fiancée will be unable to bear children as a result of a childhood accident.Despite his family being unsupportive of the relationship, he decides to marry her and prove his loyalty.In this scenario, which of the following components of love is Jim exhibiting?

A) commitment
B) intimacy
C) enjoyment
D) understanding

Question 8

Which of the following is true of sexual arousal?

A) It is a psychological state.
B) It is also known as sexual desire.
C) It invariably leads to romantic love.
D) It is a physiological response.

Question 9

According to Reiss's wheel theory of love, couples in the ________ stage of their relationship make mutual decisions and support each other's ambitions.

A) self-revelation
B) rapport
C) personality need fulfillment
D) mutual dependency

Question 10

Understanding is one of the eight qualities of friendship.Which of the following best represents this quality?

A) Denise and Judi enjoy each other's company.
B) Ken and Pete are considerate toward each other's feelings.
C) Christopher trusts Frank to look out for him during times of need.
D) Ronald and Nelly respect each other's decisions.

Question 11

A psychological state in which a person wants to obtain a sexual object that one does not now have, or to engage in sexual activity in which one is not now engaging, is referred to as ________.

A) sexual arousal
B) sexual desire
C) romantic love
D) affective intimacy

Question 12

Edward's mother met with an accident and was hospitalized.To take care of her, Jim took two weeks of leave from work and helped her recover.Which of the following components of love does this scenario demonstrate?

A) trust
B) intimacy
C) honesty
D) caring

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of love?

A) It is one-dimensional.
B) It is never demanding.
C) It is based on respect.
D) It limits people's intellectual growth.

Question 14

Gabrielle, a researcher, is writing a paper on how love improves the physical and mental health of people.In her paper, she uses statistics and figures to indicate that love increases the well-being of people.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to weaken Gabrielle's stand on the issue?

A) People in happy marriages have better health than those in unhappy marriages.
B) Love creates unrealistic expectations which result in unhappiness and the dissolution of marriages.
C) People who committed suicide commonly reported having felt socially isolated, rejected, unloved, or unworthy of love.
D) Research indicates that people who have a large social circle are less prone to illnesses than those who live isolated lives.

Question 15

Anthony and Debby have been dating each other since the past one year.Over the year, their relationship has strengthened and Debby often confides in Anthony about her fears and insecurities.She trusts Anthony with her innermost thoughts and knows that he will not judge her.In this scenario, Debby and Anthony's relationship reflects ________ intimacy.

A) physical
B) physiological
C) verbal
D) biological

Question 16

Bernard, who is writing a paper on marriage and compatibility, believes that people with different personalities and needs are far more likely to attract and be suitable for each other.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to weaken Bernard's belief?

A) Romances tend to fizzle if a person's family members disapprove of the relationship.
B) Couples with contrasting personalities are likely to adapt to each other's likes and dislikes.
C) The "opposites attract" theory applies primarily to long-term relationships.
D) With time, romantic attraction diminishes when partners have conflicting interests.

Question 17

Trisha's husband was imprisoned for a period of 20 years.She visited him every week throughout the duration of his imprisonment and professed her love for him.Despite having several other suitors, she remained faithful to her husband.Trisha's love for her husband is an example of the ________ style of love.

A) ludus
B) agape
C) pragma
D) eros

Question 18

According to the social scientists, ________ is an important basis for self-esteem.

A) self-love
B) altruism
C) narcissism
D) self-revelation

Question 19

________ refers to communication in which one person reveals his or her honest thoughts and feelings to another person with the expectation that truly open communication will follow.

A) Commitment
B) Self-disclosure
C) Romantic talk
D) Acceptance

Question 20

________ refers to marrying outside an acceptable group.

A) Endogamy
B) Henogamy
C) Heterogamy
D) Homogamy

Question 21

According to psychologist Ainsworth, infants that show some distress when left with a stranger, cling to the mother for a brief amount of time when she returns, and continue to play after a short while reflect the ________ infant-mother attachment style.

A) secure
B) anxious
C) avoidant
D) strained

Question 22

Frank, a 28 year old man, falls in and out of love easily.When in a relationship, he often expects commitment instantaneously from his partner.Based on Ainsworth's attachment styles, Frank is displaying a(n)________ style.

A) secure
B) avoidant
C) ambivalent
D) dependent

Question 23

Which of the following is a difference between the biological and sociological perspectives of love?

A) Sociological perspectives maintain that love is grounded in culture whereas biological perspectives do not.
B) Sociological perspectives propose that neurotransmitters cause love whereas biological perspectives do not.
C) Sociological perspectives promote that love causes interplay between hormones and chemicals whereas biological perspectives do not.
D) Sociological perspectives focus only on why people fall in love whereas biological perspectives also focus on how and why.

Question 24

Which of the following is a criticism of the attachment theory?

A) It overemphasizes the importance of life events that occur after the age of 18.
B) It ignores the need for infants to develop a relationship with a caregiver.
C) It focuses excessively on the relationship between the father and the child.
D) It does not address cross-cultural differences in child-rearing practices.

Question 25

Critics of the attachment theory state that it ________.

A) focuses excessively on how social class differences between men and women's power influence attachment
B) ignores the aspect of mothers' bonding with their children
C) neglects the importance of events such as divorce and disease in shaping a child's well-being
D) does not conduct research in laboratory settings which are more reliable than natural settings

Question 26

Lin and Cho have been in a relationship since the past two years.They share a sense of comfort and often communicate their fears and hopes for the future with each other.However, their relationship has not yet reached a point where they make mutual decisions or support each other's goals.According to Reiss's wheel theory of love, they are in the ________ stage.

A) third
B) first
C) second
D) fourth

Question 27

According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, the ________ component of love leads to romance, physical attraction, and sexual consummation.

A) intimacy
B) passion
C) decision/commitment
D) rapport

Question 28

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the mania style of love?

A) casualness
B) patience
C) sensibility
D) jealousy

Question 29

Kevin and Delilah share a relationship in which both are equally passionate and intimate with each other.However, their opinions on marriage and long-term commitment vary slightly.According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Kevin and Delilah are "________."

A) imperfectly matched
B) severely mismatched
C) closely matched
D) perfectly matched

Question 30

According to the biological perspective, which of the following is a reason why lovers may feel "high" or as if they are being swept away?

A) Culture has taught people that love makes them feel content and happy.
B) Norepinephrine produces sleeplessness, elation, and euphoria.
C) Increased attachment with one's partner releases stimulants that calm the mind and lowers stress levels.
D) Society instills in people the ability to prioritize love over other relationships.

Question 31

In the first stage of Reiss's wheel theory of love, partners ________.

A) engage in self-revelation
B) establish rapport
C) experience personality need fulfillment
D) have increased mutual dependency

Question 32

Bryan, a psychologist, criticizes the wheel theory of love, saying that it is an unrealistic explanation of how relationships work.Which of the following supports Bryan's argument?

A) The different stages in the wheel theory of love may occur several times during the course of the relationship.
B) The theory assumes that in the second stage, partners support each other's ambitions which increase the intensity of feelings for each other.
C) The theory states that the stages occur in a fixed, chronological order.
D) People may love each other, but the intensity of their feelings may be high on one dimension and low on another.

Question 33

According to sociologist John Lee, which style of love is characterized by obsessiveness, possessiveness, and intense dependency?

A) storge
B) eros
C) mania
D) ludus

Question 34

Which perspective maintains that love serves the evolutionary purpose of drawing males and females into long-term relationships that are essential to child rearing?

A) biological
B) psychological
C) anthropological
D) sociological

Question 35

Which of the following theories propose that infants need to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver, usually the mother, for normal social and emotional development?

A) Fromm's theory of love
B) biological theory
C) social exchange theory
D) attachment theory

Question 36

Which of the following is true of commitment?

A) It is always mutual among partners.
B) It arises from a lack of emotional attachment.
C) It has positive effects such as trust and affection.
D) It refers to giving a partner the space to work out problems on their own.

Question 37

________ calm the mind, eliminate pain, and reduce anxiety.

A) Testosterones
B) Estrogens
C) Norepinephrines
D) Endorphins

Question 38

Eric, a six month old baby, is looked after by his nanny while his mom is at work.His nanny is also responsible for other household chores and is often unable to give him sufficient time and attention.When his mother returns, Eric often tends to be unresponsive to his mother and ignores her.In this scenario, Eric is displaying the ________ infant-mother attachment style.

A) anxious
B) secure
C) ambivalent
D) avoidant

Question 39

In the second stage of Reiss's wheel theory of love, ________ brings the couple closer together.

A) dependency
B) intimacy
C) passion
D) self-revelation

Question 40

Andrew and Rachel believe that it was love at first sight when they met.Their relationship is characterized by a high degree of physical attraction and intense emotional desire.According to sociologist John Lee, Andrew and Rachel are ________ lovers.

A) storge
B) pragma
C) agape
D) eros

Question 41

Jane wants to set her sister Johanna up with Pete, her husband's colleague.However, Jane's friend Chloe feels that Pete is a narcissist and hence a poor choice for Johanna.After hearing Chloe's opinion, Jane is unsure of what to do.Which of the following strengthens the case that dating Pete would be a good choice for Johanna?

A) Johanna is not interested in a pursuing a serious long-term relationship.
B) Jane was very impressed by Pete's manners and dressing sense when she met him.
C) Johanna tends to get extremely emotionally involved in relationships.
D) Johanna tends to care more about character than about outward appearances.

Question 42

Which of the following is a difference between romantic and long-term love?

A) Long-term love involves playfulness and is more effortless whereas romantic love is not.
B) Romantic love involves compassion and commitment whereas long-term love does not.
C) Romantic love is demanding whereas long-term love is not.
D) Long-term love is altruistic whereas romantic love is often self-centered.

Question 43

Carl is using computer dating services to find a marriage partner for himself.He is looking out for a partner who will have an economic and social background that is similar to him.In this scenario, Carl demonstrates the ________ style of loving.

A) mania
B) ludus
C) agape
D) pragma

Question 44

Which of the following is a micro-level factor that affects love?

A) the impersonality of mass society
B) personality
C) culture's emphasis on individualism
D) demographic variables

Question 45

Why was romantic love less common in the United States in the 1800s than it is today?

A) Unlike today, people in the 1800s fell in love more than once.
B) In the 1800s, it was easier to meet prospective lovers than it is today.
C) Life expectancy was shorter in the 1800s compared to what it is today.
D) There were higher divorce rates in the 1800s than there are today.

Question 46

________ is an altruistic, self-sacrificing love that is directed toward all humankind.

A) Storge
B) Agape
C) Mania
D) Ludus

Question 47

A key similarity between romantic and long-term love is that both involve ________.

A) communication and friendship
B) obsession
C) intense passion
D) patience and sacrifice

Question 48

________ refers to a pattern of threatening tactics used by a perpetrator that is unwanted and creates fear or emotional distress in the victim.

A) Stalking
B) Narcissism
C) Stereotyping
D) Whitelisting

Question 49

Which of the following is an example of the pragma style of love?

A) Judith and David share a deep affection for each other but their relationship lacks passion and excitement.
B) Though Stella and Tom have been facing marital problems, Stella plans to divorce Tom only once she finds a job for herself.
C) Mia is obsessed about her relationship with Steven and she often experiences sleeplessness and anxiety because of it.
D) Clarice is patient and compassionate toward her husband and does not expect anything in return from him.

Question 50

In his book on family relationships, Simon states that it is important to teach children that love and care giving are synonymous to each other.He believes that children should understand their responsibility to care for their elderly family members when they grow up.However Nora, a critic, states that this "affection myth" can have negative consequences on children.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to strengthen Nora's argument?

A) Children who are taught to care for the elderly learn about cooperation and a sense of community at a young age.
B) Children undergo undue amounts of stress when they are taught that care giving and love mean the same thing.
C) Research indicates that extended families in which the parents live with their adult children tend to be happier than nuclear families.
D) Children who care for the elders turn out to be more sensitive toward others' needs and be more responsible individuals.

Question 51

Carl, a sociologist, believes that love improves the well-being of people in a society.He finds that relationships based on love create stable, happy societies.Which of the following statements, if true, is most likely to strengthen Carl's argument?

A) Research indicates that single people are happier than individuals who are engaged or married.
B) Studies show that individuals not involved in any kind of romantic relationship are at a greater risk of using drugs.
C) Research indicates that people with a large social circle exhibited self-destructive behavior.
D) Married couples often suffer from chronic stress which results in a weak immune system.

Question 52

Though Kelly and Brook are engaged, they have decided to have sex only after they get married.They have a stable relationship and their relationship does not have any ecstatic highs or great lows.According to John Lee, Kelly and Brook are exhibiting the ________ style of love.

A) storge
B) eros
C) mania
D) ludus

Question 53

According to the social exchange theory, which of the following is true of adolescent love?

A) It is self-centered.
B) It is not sexual.
C) It is altruistic.
D) It is long-term.

Question 54

Some parents believe that violence is a manifestation of love.However, several others think that parental violence and abuse toward children can have adverse consequences when they grow up.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to support the second argument?

A) Children who grow up without strict parental discipline tend to become more rebellious and nonconforming.
B) Children who are subjected to physical abuse by their parents are often unable to distinguish between love and violence.
C) Using violence in order to discipline children will help them become more compliant toward established rules.
D) Studies show that children who are spanked by their parents for wrongdoing often have more self-control.

Question 55

Which of the following is a difference between behavioral and psychological control?

A) Behavioral control is covert whereas psychological control is not.
B) Psychological control is more direct than behavioral control.
C) Psychological control is more manipulative than behavioral control.
D) Psychological control has more positive effects than behavioral control.

Question 56

Gerard, a social theorist, believes that love is responsible for the survival of the human species.However Blake, a historian, disagrees.He finds that love is dysfunctional and creates rifts and conflict in society.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to weaken Blake's belief?

A) Research shows that love creates an interest in people to care for their offspring and feel responsible for them.
B) Children can be conceived without love and there is no guarantee that people who engage in sex will feel an obligation to care for the infants.
C) Studies indicate that over 80 percent of marriages across the world end in divorces.
D) Most adults are in love with the idea of love and have unrealistic expectations from it which result in disappointment.

Question 57

"Based on the variations he found in different cultures, Hupka concluded that jealousy is neither universal nor innate." Which of the following, if true, weakens Hupka's conclusion?

A) Expressing jealousy is culturally unacceptable in all societies.
B) Jealousy is more common in societies in which women are regarded as property.
C) While some women report being very jealous when their partners have affairs, others do not.
D) There is not relationship between jealousy and behaviors such as stalking.

Question 58

Diana often dates several men at a time and enjoys casual dating.She likes to keep her relationships simple and casual because she believes that serious relationships only complicate matters.According to sociologist John Lee, Diana exhibits the ________style of love.

A) storge
B) agape
C) mania
D) ludus

Question 59

Research indicates that our cultural values encourage individualism and competition.Which of the following is a characteristic of individualism?

A) It creates a sense of community and cooperation in an individual.
B) It helps individuals avoid narcissistic behavior.
C) It encourages the individual to have a preoccupation with self.
D) It promotes feelings of selflessness in an individual.

Question 60

List the eight qualities of friendship that sociologist Keith Davis has identified.

Question 61

Jimmy's love for Lily is characterized by obsessiveness, mistrustfulness, and possessiveness.Identify and explain this style of love based on John Lee's styles of love.

Question 62

Explain the limitations of the triangular theory of love.

Question 63

Why is love unrequited? Explain with the help of reasons.

Question 64

Narcissistic men are generally considered to be good daters.However, they are also considered to be unsuitable for long term relationships.Provide a reasoning that explains why narcissistic men are unsuitable for marriage.

Question 65

Briefly describe a characteristic of love.

Question 66

What is the biological perspective of love? Explain.

Question 67

How do gestures differ in romantic love in comparison with long-term love?

Question 68

Briefly describe commitment, one of the components of love.

Question 69

Why is arranged marriage the norm in many countries across the world?