Deck 5: Developing More Healthful Behavior

Question 1

Starches and dietary fiber are types of ______.

A) proteins
B) simple carbohydrates
C) complex carbohydrates
D) complex hydrocarbons

Answer 1

complex carbohydrates

Question 2

Essential food elements that provide energy and the building blocks of muscle, bone, and other tissues are called ______.

A) calories
B) fiber
C) nutrients
D) catalysts

Answer 2

nutrients

Question 3

About one in ______ deaths due to cancer is linked to poor nutrition.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Answer 3

three

Question 4

______ are complex carbohydrates that provide vitamins, minerals, and a steady flow of energy.

A) Sugars
B) Salts
C) Starches
D) Fibers

Question 5

Organic compounds from which the body manufactures proteins are called ______.

A) fats
B) amino acids
C) carbohydrates
D) hydrocarbons

Question 6

______ are amino acids that build muscles, blood, bones, hair, and fingernails.

A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Fats
D) Vitamins

Question 7

Any excess protein we eat is converted into ______.

A) energy
B) vitamins
C) fat
D) starches

Question 8

______ is the process by which organisms consume and utilize foods.

A) Metabolism
B) Endocrinology
C) Digestion
D) Nutrition

Question 9

Links between healthy nutrition and chronic diseases such as cancer, and cardiovascular disease are most commonly found with a ______-fat, ______-calorie diet.

A) low, low
B) low, high
C) high, low
D) high, high

Question 10

Organic compounds forming the structural parts of plants that are important sources of nutrition for plants and animals and humans are ______.

A) fats
B) amino acids
C) carbohydrates
D) hydrocarbons

Question 11

Starches should account for ______ percent of the diet.

A) 10-20
B) 30-40
C) 50-60
D) 70-80

Question 12

______ serve as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.

A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Fats
D) Vitamins

Question 13

______ are simple carbohydrates that offer little more than a spurt of energy.

A) Sugars
B) Salts
C) Starches
D) Fibers

Question 14

______ are the major sources of energy in our diets.

A) Hydrocarbons
B) Proteins
C) Bicarbonates
D) Carbohydrates

Question 15

Organic molecules that comprise the basic building blocks of body tissues are ______.

A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Fats
D) Vitamins

Question 16

Sugars are simple ______.

A) proteins
B) carbohydrates
C) fats
D) hydrocarbons

Question 17

Protein deficiencies in countries like the United States and Canada are ______.

A) nonexistent
B) rare
C) common
D) an epidemic

Question 18

Protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals are all examples of ______.

A) calories
B) fiber
C) nutrients
D) catalysts

Question 19

The most popular sources of ______ are meat, poultry, eggs, and fish.

A) protein
B) carbohydrates
C) fat
D) fiber

Question 20

Each of the following is a type of essential nutrient EXCEPT ______.

A) calories
B) carbohydrates
C) fats
D) minerals

Question 21

Foods rich in ______ include cereals, citrus fruits, crucifers, vegetables, legumes, and pasta.

A) carbohydrates
B) proteins
C) fats
D) hydrocarbons

Question 22

Half of all Americans consume ______________ fiber a day.

A) 20 to 35 grams of
B) twice as much of the recommended
C) less than half of the recommended
D) 50 to 60 grams of

Question 23

______ are essential organic compounds that need to be eaten regularly.

A) Vitamins
B) Minerals
C) Salts
D) Sugars

Question 24

Each of the following is true of high-protein, low-carb diets, such as the Atkins diet, EXCEPT ______.

A) despite some problems, they have proven to be safe and effective in the long-term
B) they lack nutritional balance
C) they emphasize getting nutrition from high-fat sources of protein that can contribute to heart disease.
D) much of the quick weight-loss they promote may be in the form of water weight

Question 25

Fortified dairy products are rich in vitamin ______.

A) A and D
B) B and C
C) C and A
D) E and B

Question 26

Organic compounds that form the basis of fatty tissue of animals, including humans, and are also found in some plant materials are ______.

A) fats
B) amino acids
C) carbohydrates
D) hydrocarbons

Question 27

______ provide stamina, insulate us from extremes of temperature, nourish the skin, and store several important vitamins.

A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats
D) Hydrocarbons

Question 28

Fruits and vegetables are both rich in vitamin ______.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 29

Most Americans should eat ______ fat and ______ protein.

A) less, less
B) more, less
C) less, more
D) more, more

Question 30

Many health experts recommend that we consume ______ grams of dietary fiber a day.

A) 5-20
B) 20-35
C) 35-50
D) 50-65

Question 31

Saturated fats are fats that come from ______.

A) animal sources
B) vegetable sources
C) fruit sources
D) human-made sources

Question 32

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats come from ______.

A) animal sources
B) vegetable sources
C) fruit sources
D) human-made sources

Question 33

Liver is rich in vitamin ______ but also high in _____________.

A) A; cholesterol
B) B; free radicals
C) C; cholesterol
D) E; osteoporosis

Question 34

Many starches are also rich in dietary ______, which aids in digestion and may protect us from some cancers like cancer of the colon.

A) cholesterol
B) glucose
C) fiber
D) fat

Question 35

Orange produce, such as carrots, and sweet potatoes, and deep green vegetables are all good sources of vitamin ______.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 36

______ are organic substances needed by the body in small amounts to maintain essential bodily processes.

A) Vitamins
B) Minerals
C) Salts
D) Sugars

Question 37

______ greatly increase levels of unhealthy blood cholesterol.

A) Neither saturated nor monounsaturated fats
B) Monounsaturated fats more so than saturated fats
C) Saturated fats more so than monounsaturated fats
D) Both saturated and monounsaturated fats

Question 38

Legumes, vegetables, nuts, and whole grain products are rich in vitamin ______.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 39

No more than ______ percent of our daily calorie intake should come from saturated fats.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15

Question 40

Health officials recommend that adults limit their total fat intake to ______ percent of their daily calorie consumption.

A) 5-20
B) 20-35
C) 35-50
D) 50-65

Question 41

Global obesity rates have ______ since 1980.

A) decreased slightly
B) remained stable
C) increased slightly
D) doubled

Question 42

Each of the following appears to lower the risk of developing cancer EXCEPT ______.

A) free radicals
B) calcium
C) vitamins
D) fruits and vegetables

Question 43

______ such as calcium, potassium, iron, and sodium are essential for good health when consumed in appropriate amounts.

A) Hydrocarbons
B) Proteins
C) Vitamins
D) Minerals

Question 44

Over the last 20 years, on average, Americans have ______ their calorie intake and ______ their activity levels.

A) decreased; decreased
B) decreased; increased
C) increased; decreased
D) increased; increased

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a myth about vitamins?

A) Vitamin pills can correct a poor diet.
B) You can take too many vitamins.
C) Natural vitamins are better than synthetic ones.
D) Vitamin supplements will improve athletic performance.

Question 46

Calcium and ______ help maintain god bone health and reduce the risks of osteoporosis in later life.

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin B
C) vitamin C
D) vitamin D

Question 47

The body mass index is a measure of ______.

A) weight
B) bone density
C) muscle mass
D) volume

Question 48

The nation's number one nutrition-related problem is ______.

A) vitamin deficiency
B) protein deficiency
C) malnutrition
D) obesity

Question 49

Obesity reduces life expectancies in the United States by an average of ______ years.

A) one to two
B) four to five
C) six to seven
D) eight to nine

Question 50

About ______ of adult Americans are obese.

A) one-tenth to one-eighth
B) one-seventh to one-fifth
C) one-fourth to one-third
D) one-half to two-thirds

Question 51

Antioxidants are important because they _______.

A) create free radicals that scour the body to eliminate carcinogens
B) combine with lung tissue to protect it from the corrosive side effects of oxygen
C) deactivate free radicals that might otherwise contribute to cancer
D) eliminate harmful toxins that form in the digestive tract and contribute to infections

Question 52

About two out of every ______ adult Americans are overweight.

A) three
B) four
C) five
D) six

Question 53

The obesity epidemic is ______ with global obesity rates ______ since 1980.

A) limited to the United States; decreasing
B) limited to the United States; remaining stable
C) worldwide; fluctuating irregularly
D) worldwide; increasing significantly

Question 54

To lose weight, we need to ______ the number of calories consumed and ______ the calories we expend.

A) decrease; decrease
B) decrease; increase
C) increase; decrease
D) increase; increase

Question 55

Metabolic waste that may damage cell membranes and genetic material are ______.

A) antioxidants
B) antigens
C) pathogens
D) free radicals

Question 56

Health experts believe that if current trends continue, ______.

A) today's focus on exercise and healthier diets will extend the life expectancy of today's children by 5 to 10 years as compared to their parents
B) today's children will live about as long as their parents
C) obesity will cut the life expectancy of today's children by about 2 to 5 years as compared to their parents
D) obesity will cut the life expectancy of today's children by about 5 to 10 years as compared to their parents

Question 57

About ______ Americans die each year because of excess weight.

A) 100,000
B) 300,000
C) 500,000
D) 700,000

Question 58

A bone disease characterized by brittleness of the bones that leads them to become susceptible to fractures is ______.

A) osteoarthritis
B) osteoporosis
C) scoliosis
D) Addison's disease

Question 59

Each of the following vitamins is an anti-oxidant EXCEPT ______.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) E

Question 60

Each of the following poses a particular risk for developing heart disease or cancer EXCEPT ______.

A) food preservatives
B) calcium
C) high intake of animal fat
D) vitamin deficiencies

Question 61

A person with a high-fat-to-muscle ratio will metabolize ______ than a person of the same weight with a lower fat-to-muscle ratio.

A) food more slowly than
B) protein more rapidly but fats and starches more slowly
C) fats and starches more rapidly but protein more slowly
D) food more rapidly

Question 62

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Alisha puts down her utensils between bites, takes smaller bites, chews thoroughly, savors each bite, and takes a break during the meal. Her efforts are examples of ______.

A) chain breaking
B) competing responses
C) slowing down the pace of eating behavior
D) controlling external stimuli

Question 63

The gland that triggers the hunger drive when cells reach a critical level of fat deficiency is the ______.

A) pineal gland
B) thalamus
C) hypothalamus
D) thyroid gland

Question 64

Controlling internal and external stimuli, avoiding powerful triggers, response prevention, using competing responses, and chain breaking are all listed in your text as ways to ______.

A) cope with insomnia
B) control drug abuse
C) lose weight
D) increase self-efficacy

Question 65

Harry has a BMI of 22. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) overweight
D) obese

Question 66

Harry has a BMI of 28. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) overweight
D) obese

Question 67

Heredity plays _____ role in obesity.

A) no
B) only a minor
C) a moderate
D) a central

Question 68

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Yvette now uses smaller plates, stays out of the kitchen as much as possible, shops from a list (and sticks to it), and pays attention only to her own plate while eating. These efforts are examples of ______.

A) controlling internal stimuli
B) controlling external stimuli
C) competing responses
D) chain breaking

Question 69

Units of food energy, expressing the ability to raise temperature or give off body heat, are called ______.

A) nutrients
B) carbohydrates
C) calories
D) vitamins

Question 70

After Santa Claus, ______ is the most widely recognized character among children.

A) the Easter Bunny
B) Uncle Sam
C) Ronald McDonald
D) Mickey Mouse

Question 71

Harry has a BMI of 31. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

A) underweight
B) normal weight
C) overweight
D) obese

Question 72

Cells that store fat are called ______.

A) connective tissues
B) glial cells
C) adipose tissue
D) epidermal tissue

Question 73

Obese people have ______ than nonobese people.

A) more adipose cells
B) fewer adipose cells
C) fatter adipose cells
D) thinner adipose cells

Question 74

Compared to normal-weight people, formerly obese people have ______ adipose cells and tend to feel food-deprived ______.

A) fewer, sooner
B) more, sooner
C) fewer, later
D) more, later

Question 75

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Shaun, when hungry, stuffs his mouth with celery rather than ice cream, eats premade low-calorie snacks instead eating peanuts or candy, or tries jogging instead of eating a snack. His efforts are examples of ______.

A) restricting the stimulus field
B) avoiding powerful triggers for eating
C) response prevention
D) using competing responses

Question 76

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Ed shops from a list, shops quickly and doesn't browse, doesn't shop when hungry, and treats the supermarket like enemy territory. His efforts are examples of ______.

A) competing responses
B) modifying shopping behavior
C) controlling internal stimuli
D) chain breaking

Question 77

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Julius practices meditation when feeling tense rather than turning to food, and refuses to bury disturbing feelings in a box of cookies or a carton of ice cream. His efforts are examples of ______.

A) controlling internal stimuli
B) controlling external stimuli
C) competing responses
D) chain breaking

Question 78

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Dan keeps fattening foods out of the house and prepares only enough food to remain within the restrictions of his diet. These efforts are examples of ______.

A) controlling internal stimuli
B) controlling external stimuli
C) competing responses
D) chain breaking

Question 79

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Sharon eats only in the dining area of her house and refuses to let herself eat while studying or watching television. These efforts are examples of ______.

A) controlling external stimuli
B) controlling internal stimuli
C) competing responses
D) chain breaking

Question 80

People on diets and those who have lost substantial amounts of weight burn ______ calories and their metabolic rates ______.

A) fewer, slow down
B) more, slow down
C) fewer, increase
D) more, increase