Deck 10: Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence was originally defined as

A) the ability to learn and to adapt to meet the demands of the environment effectively.
B) the ability to understand and control one's mental abilities.
C) the ability to solve problems to ensure survival.
D) a factor that underlies all distinct clusters of mental abilities.

Answer 1

the ability to learn and to adapt to meet the demands of the environment effectively.

Question 2

Individuals must be __________ motivated to fulfill their innate abilities and take advantage of their environment.

Answer 2

internally

Question 3

According to Sternberg, what type of intelligence is useful to possess in the workplace, and why is it important?

Answer 3

Practical intelligence relies on tacit knowledge that is gleaned from experience in the business environment.

Question 4

Which theorist is associated with the bioecological theory of intelligence?

A) Spearman
B) Ceci
C) Gardner
D) Sternberg

Question 5

How does evidence from brain damaged patients support Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

Question 6

According to Spearman, what factor of intelligence underlies all distinct clusters of mental ability?

Question 7

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, when we are engaged in a novel task, we rely on the __________ component of intelligence.

Question 8

Which of the following areas is not included in the definition of intelligence?

A) Ability to learn
B) Ability to communicate
C) Ability to meet the demands of the environment
D) Ability to understand and control our own mental activities

Question 9

Western thinkers as ancient as Plato commented on the nature of intelligence.

Question 10

Describe the prevailing theory of intelligence held by modern psychologists.

Question 11

Spearman developed a statistic technique called __________ for analyzing intelligence.

Question 12

Psychologist, Howard Gardner is known for this theory of __________.

Question 13

Rebecca is a gifted elite gymnast who has possessed the ability to easily control her bodily movements in a precise fashion from a very early age. In which of Gardner's multiple intelligences would Rebecca likely exceed the average?

A) Mathematical
B) Bodily-kinesthetic
C) Linguistic
D) Naturalistic

Question 14

Which of the following is/are included in Thurstone's 7 mental abilities?

A) Verbal comprehension
B) Word fluency
C) Perceptual speed
D) All of the above

Question 15

Thurstone argued that his theory fit with that of Spearman's g-factor because his 7 primary mental abilities were not necessarily distinct.

Question 16

What population did Gardner study to provide supportive evidence for his theory of multiple intelligences?

Question 17

Sternberg and Gardner both agree that intelligence is not a unitary mental function.

Question 18

What is needed for a person with superior innate mental abilities to develop to their potential?

Question 19

Ceci believed that one's innate abilities are derived from biological resource pools.

Question 20

Describe the distinction between the g- and s-factors of intelligence as argued by Spearman.

Question 21

Which of the following best illustrates the two-factor theory of intelligence?

A) Intelligence is divided into analytical intelligence and practical intelligence
B) Intelligence is composed of fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
C) Intelligence has an overall general factor, and a series of specific factors.
D) Intelligence is made up of both primary and secondary abilities.

Question 22

Which of the following statements best describes Ceci's Bioecological Theory of intelligence?

A) It is characterized by an interaction between innate potential abilities, environmental context, and internal motivation.
B) It is a triarchic theory composed of analytical, creative, and practical intelligence
C) It is composed of a general factor and a series of specific factors.
D) It is composed of eight independent intelligences.

Question 23

Sandra is an architect. She is likely to score high on Gardener's _______ component of intelligence.

A) logical/mathematical
B) bodily/kinesthetic
C) spatial
D) musical

Question 24

Which of the following lists belongs with Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities?

A) musical, mathematical, and interpersonal
B) analytical, creative, and practical.
C) verbal comprehension, numerical ability, and reasoning
D) potential abilities, environmental context, and internal motivation.

Question 25

Which of the following lists is NOT consistent with Thurstone's seven primary mental abilities?

A) word fluency, spatial ability, perceptual speed, and numerical skill
B) associative memory, creative intelligence, reasoning, and verbal comprehension
C) numerical skill, spatial ability, mental abilities, and perceptual speed.
D) reasoning, word fluency, perceptual speed, and numerical ability.

Question 26

People with well-developed emotional intelligence tend to know how to comfort and encourage others. This element of emotional intelligence is referred to as __________.

Question 27

The ability to understand and control one's mental abilities is the definition of

A) analytical thinking.
B) intelligence.
C) the g factor
D) metacognition.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's eight types of intelligence?

A) musical
B) spatial
C) linguistic
D) associative memory

Question 29

Which of the following theorists proposed that intelligence is composed of a "g" factor and an "s" factor?

A) Thurstone
B) Gardner
C) Sternberg
D) Spearman

Question 30

Cecilia is an upper level manager at a large corporation. It is her job to plan projects and evaluate their outcomes. Cecilia probably scores high in Sternberg's _______ component of intelligence.

A) creative
B) practical
C) analytic
D) logical/mathematical

Question 31

Sally is "book smart" but can't seem to keep track of her finances. Sally's situation provides the best example of

A) Spearman's "g" factor.
B) Spearman's rho
C) Spearman's "s" factor.
D) factor analysis

Question 32

Someone with high emotional intelligence is very likely to experience failure in his or her career because of his or her high level of empathy.

Question 33

Emotionally intelligent people can ______.

A) regulate emotion in others
B) regulate emotion in the self
C) assimilate emotion
D) All of the above

Question 34

Which of the following best summarizes the current view of the nature of intelligence?

A) Most psychologists believe that there is an underlying "g" factor , but that specific abilities should also be considered.
B) Most psychologists believe that intelligence is composed of a series of separate abilities.
C) Most psychologists believe that analytical intelligence composes a bigger part of overall intelligence than other factors do.
D) Most psychologists believe that general intelligence consistently leads to success in school.

Question 35

Gardner's theory lists ____ types of mental abilities.

A) two
B) three
C) seven
D) eight

Question 36

Jasmine has shown a high degree of physical coordination and an interest in gymnastics. Her parents have found a trainer for her, and her skills are improving quickly. Jasmine is hoping to go to a gymnastics camp this summer. Which theory best explains the relationship between Jasmine, her parents, and her sport?

A) Sternberg's triarchic theory
B) Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
C) Ceci's bioecological theory
D) Spearman's two factor theory.

Question 37

Describe social intelligence.

Question 38

What learning theorist postulated about the existence of social intelligence?

Question 39

Which of the following people best exemplifies Sternberg's concept of practical intelligence?

A) Dr. Waterson is a gifted cancer researcher who has written many books on the subject
B) Jason is in charge of finding parts for vintage cars from a variety of sources.
C) Martha is an inventor who has a knack for seeing things that others miss.
D) Mary is a librarian with an encyclopedic knowledge of Shakespeare.

Question 40

George is a "people person." He has a lot of self insight, relates well to others, and is a natural leader. Which of the following theorists would be most interested in measuring George's interpersonal intelligence in a real-world social situation?

A) Gardner
B) Thurstone
C) Sternberg
D) Spearman

Question 41

Edward tries hard to be a good husband. He is creative and spontaneous. He is comfortable around their friends and relatives. He is successful at work and earns a good living. However, he becomes confused if his wife accuses him of not understanding what she is feeling. If Edward wants to impress his wife, he should try to develop more _________ intelligence.

A) social
B) intrapersonal
C) external
D) emotional

Question 42

_______ is believed to be of primary importance to creative development.

A) Intrinsic motivation
B) Self-confidence
C) Independence
D) Extroversion

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of wisdom?

A) The ability to manage other people.
B) The ability to choose the best course of action.
C) The ability to make sound judgments.
D) The ability to balance the interests of both sides.

Question 44

What is the relationship between creativity and intelligence?

A) They are largely unrelated.
B) They are related up to a point, and then the relationship diminishes.
C) Intelligent people are also usually creative.
D) Exceptionally creative people score higher on intelligence tests than their less creative colleagues.

Question 45

The Republic of Horsa and the Kingdom of Icaria are having a border dispute. Both sides want peace, but neither side wants the other to have an advantage. If the problem is not resolved, war could break out between them. Which type of intelligence would be of greatest value to the United Nations negotiator?

A) practical intelligence
B) wisdom
C) social intelligence
D) diplomacy

Question 46

Describe Sternberg's balance theory of wisdom.

Question 47

A concern for the community at large and the ability to make sound and balanced judgments is characteristic of

A) social intelligence.
B) creativity.
C) wisdom.
D) emotional intelligence.

Question 48

Define creativity and provide an example of one creative solution you have used to address a problem in the past.

Question 49

Gordon has a lot of charisma. He instinctively knows how to get along with other people, and to "tune in" to what is important to other people. Gordon is high in

A) social intelligence.
B) intrapersonal intelligence.
C) emotional intelligence.
D) environmental intelligence.

Question 50

Most theorists believe that intelligence and wisdom are entirely different entities.

Question 51

Creative people often have a __________ personality such that they are willing to tolerate risk, ambiguity, and initial failure.

Question 52

The correlation between creativity and intelligence diminishes beyond the IQ score of 120.

Question 53

Emotional intelligence includes

A) the ability to perceive others' emotions and our own emotions.
B) the tendency to use emotions to solve problems.
C) the ability to use emotional feedback to manage situations.
D) the ability to get along with other people.

Question 54

The ability to perceive, express, and assimilate emotion and to regulate emotion in the self and others is called

A) interpersonal intelligence.
B) practical intelligence.
C) intrapersonal intelligence.
D) emotional intelligence.

Question 55

According to Sternberg, wisdom is primarily the product of __________ intelligence.

Question 56

Patrick is a con artist. He is very good at manipulating other people and telling them what they want to hear, but he is entirely insensitive to the pain that his schemes cause people. Patrick is _____ in social intelligence, and ______ in emotional intelligence.

A) high; high
B) low; low
C) high; low
D) low; high

Question 57

Describe the qualities of a "creative" environment.

Question 58

According to Sternberg, wisdom is closely related to

A) internal intelligence.
B) practical intelligence.
C) analytical intelligence.
D) creative intelligence.

Question 59

Mary is an empathetic person who knows how to comfort and encourage others. Mary is likely to score high in

A) social intelligence.
B) emotional intelligence.
C) intrapersonal intelligence.
D) external intelligence

Question 60

What theorist believed that intelligence is a manifestation of personality?

Question 61

Name and describe the statistical pattern intelligence test scores tend to follow?

Question 62

Which of the following researchers was tasked by the French government to develop a testing method to distinguish mentally retarded individuals from those who were "intellectually capable"?

A) Galton
B) Sternberg
C) Binet
D) Cattell

Question 63

What type of validity do the SAT and GRE college admission tests reportedly have?

Question 64

A correlation called a __________ coefficient correlates test scores with some related external criterion.

Question 65

In the West, what is the oldest and most enduring approach to understanding and assessing intelligence?

A) Biological approach
B) Cognitive approach
C) Psychometric approach
D) Environmental approach

Question 66

Validity is the extent to which scores on a test instrument accurately measure or predict what they intend to measure or predict.

Question 67

Which of the following parents are most likely to foster a sense of creativity in their children?

A) The Thompsons, who reward their children with money when they get good grades.
B) The Masumas, who give their children time to think and explore, without criticism.
C) The Changs, who both work long hours at a manufacturing plant.
D) The Washingtons, who demand high levels of performance from their children and do not accept failure.

Question 68

The psychophysical tests developed by Cattell were the first widely applied intelligence tests.

Question 69

What process is defined as obtaining meaningful test scores from a sample population through the use of uniform procedures?

Question 70

Explain 2 different methods that can be used to measure the reliability of scores obtained from a testing instrument.

Question 71

Describe Galton's theory of psychophysical intelligence.

Question 72

Intelligence test constructors typically assume a __________ view of test scores, whereby one person's score can be compared to another's.

Question 73

The mean is the score in a distribution that occurs most frequently.

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typical to creative people?

A) extrinsic motivation
B) imagination
C) a game personality
D) complex thinking

Question 75

The aspect of creativity that is characterized by a tolerance for ambiguity and initial failure is called

A) intrinsic motivation.
B) tenacity.
C) self-confidence
D) a game personality.

Question 76

Bruce gave a quiz to five students in his small lab section. They obtained the following scores: 32, 65, 75, 85, and 100. What is the median score?

A) 65
B) 71.4
C) 75
D) 80

Question 77

Marcus was told that he would be tested on English literature. When he came to class, the professor administered a test that included items about Russian authors. What type of validity did Marcus's score on his test lack?

A) Predictive
B) Content
C) Construct
D) Subject

Question 78

The average score in a distribution is known as the __________.

Question 79

If a test consistently produces similar scores for the same test-takers over time, what psychometric property has been illustrated?

Question 80

Intelligence tests are carefully constructed psychological tests.