Deck 5: Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a monocular cue for depth?

A) linear perspective
B) interposition
C) clarity
D) motion parallax
E) convergence

Answer 1

convergence

Question 2

Consider the following image: // \\ // .We are likely to interpret this as three sets of two lines each rather than six separate lines due to the Gestalt law of ____________.

A) proximity
B) closure
C) continuity
D) figure-ground
E) context

Answer 2

proximity

Question 3

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20.So let's say I get you to listen to some music played at 100 decibels.In order for you to tell that a second piece of music was louder,I would need to play it at

A) 120 decibels.
B) 200 decibels.
C) 80 decibels.
D) 105 decibels.
E) cannot tell from this information.

Answer 3

105 decibels.

Question 4

You are going on a blind date because a friend convinced you that this person was perfect for you.Your friend tells you that your date is good looking,funny and a really good listener.From what you have read in the text,your perception of your date will probably be influenced by

A) your perceptual sets.
B) the law of continuity.
C) the law of attraction.
D) Gestalt principles.
E) perceptual constancies.

Question 5

If you have normal colour vision,you are referred to as a ___________,whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind,you are referred to as a ___________.

A) monochromat;dichromat
B) dichromat;monochromat
C) monochromat;trichromat
D) dichromat;trichromat
E) trichromat;dichromat

Question 6

Let's say that you run a deprivation experiment in which kittens were raised from birth in an environment containing only horizontal stripes.Based on the research by Blakemore and Cooper (1970),how will this affect cells in their visual cortex?

A) no effect at all- the cells will still respond to lines at all orientations
B) the cells will now only respond to vertical lines
C) the cells will respond mostly to vertical lines and partially to horizontal lines
D) the cells will respond to only horizontal lines
E) the cells will respond mostly to horizontal lines,but still quite a lot to vertical lines

Question 7

In the process of trying to recognize a stimulus,we compare the current stimuli against mental representations known as

A) sensory icons.
B) perceptual Vincennes.
C) perceptual ideas.
D) perceptual schemas.
E) sensory comparative.

Question 8

If you had deafness due to damage to your cochlea,you would have which kind of deafness?

A) nerve deafness
B) conductor's deafness
C) conduction deafness
D) cochlear deafness
E) ossicular deafness

Question 9

_______________ lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g.is my elbow straight or bent?),whereas _______________ tells us how our whole body is oriented in relation to the world (e.g.which way is down or which way am I rotating?).

A) Kinesthesis;vestibular sense
B) Vestibular sense;kinesthesis
C) Vestibular;proprioception
D) Proprioception;kinesthesis
E) Vestibular;equilibrium

Question 10

If your eye were too long front to back,such that a focused image falls in front of your retina and you see a blurry image,you are said to have _____________.

A) alcohol myopia
B) hyperopia
C) myopia
D) glaucoma
E) retinal dysplasia

Question 11

You are blindfolded and asked to taste a cup of coffee to determine if it contains cream.Eight times out of 10 you correctly identified the presence of cream,but twice you said that cream was present when there was none there.According to signal detection theory,your correct responses are called ___________ and your incorrect responses are called __________.

A) hits;misses
B) hits;correct rejections
C) correct rejections;hits
D) hits;false alarms
E) positives;false negatives

Question 12

Which of the following cells is NOT found in the retina?

A) rods
B) cones
C) hair cells
D) horizontal cells
E) ganglion cells

Question 13

Alexis was born with a rare hereditary condition such that in her retina she has no rod photoreceptors,but only cone photoreceptors.Given the anatomy of her retina,which of the following is true regarding her vision?

A) She has no colour vision.
B) She has difficulties seeing in bright light.
C) She is colour-blind for the red-green colour pair.
D) She has poor visual acuity in the central fovea area.
E) She has very poor vision in low light conditions.

Question 14

Today's best understanding of how colour vision works is based on which theory?

A) Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory
B) Dual-Process Theory
C) Hering's Opponent-Process Theory
D) Additive Colour Theory
E) Subtractive Colour Theory

Question 15

Hold your hand a few feet away from your face.Now alternate between looking at your hand with only your right eye and then only with your left eye.You will notice that each eye has a slightly different view of your hand and the scene behind it.Special detection cells in your brain tuned to ______________ allow your brain to extract depth information from the visual scene,thus informing where your hand is in relation to the stuff behind it.

A) convergence
B) binocular disparity
C) stroboscopic movement
D) the phi phenomenon
E) motion parallax

Question 16

If you are extremely sensitive to stimuli in a particular sensory system,we would expect

A) a lower than normal absolute threshold for that system.
B) a higher than normal absolute threshold for that system.
C) a higher than normal difference threshold for that system.
D) a lower than normal decision criterion for that system.
E) a modality system differential.

Question 17

The jnd value for weights is approximately 1/50.If you can lift a weight of 500 grams,a comparison weight must weigh at least _________ gram(s)more in order for you to be able to judge it as heavier.

A) 1/50 x 500
B) 50 ÷ 500
C) 1
D) 1/50 x 50
E) 50 x 500

Question 18

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has ____ different types of light detecting cells that _________________.

A) 3;are tuned to blue/yellow,red/green,and black white light
B) 3;are tuned to red,yellow,and blue light
C) 3;are tuned to red,green,and blue light
D) 4;are tuned to red,yellow,blue,and white light
E) none of these answers explain the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory

Question 19

The human auditory system is capable of localizing sound direction using differences of _____________ between the two ears.

A) intensity
B) timing
C) frequency
D) both intensity and timing are correct
E) all of these answers are correct

Question 20

According to the Gestalt principle of ___________,we have a tendency to perceive objects that are near one another as belonging together.

A) the law of similarity
B) the law of proximity
C) the law of closure
D) the law of continuity
E) figure-ground

Question 21

In observing fluid travelling on the cochlea,you note that there is a wave peak close to the oval window.According to von Bekesy and place theory,this should be interpreted as

A) a low frequency sound.
B) a high frequency sound.
C) a low amplitude sound.
D) a high amplitude sound.
E) no sound at all-the peak needs to be at the other end of the cochlea.

Question 22

Jonas has just broken his arm.His best friend tells him to focus on good positive feelings rather than the pain.This seems to work.Which of the following may help to explain this effect?

A) trichromatic theory
B) phantom limb effect
C) gate control theory
D) kinesthetic feedback
E) the release of pheromones

Question 23

Which of the following is FALSE with respect to the Muller-Lyer illusion?

A) the lines are actually the same length
B) the line with the V-shaped lines radiating outward appears longer
C) the line with the V-shaped lines radiating inward appears shorter
D) people in all cultures experience the illusion
E) the illusion is related to monocular depth cues

Question 24

If your lens in the eye did not thicken enough,such that a focused image falls behind your retina and you see a blurry image,you are said to have _____________.

A) alcohol myopia
B) hyperopia
C) myopia
D) glaucoma
E) retinal dysplasia

Question 25

If you were an artist who painted pictures on a canvas,you would probably consider using all of these to create the illusion of depth EXCEPT

A) linear perspective.
B) relative size.
C) light and shadow.
D) convergence.
E) interposition.

Question 26

Consider the following image: _________.We are likely to perceive this as a single line with a break in it.Why?

A) We cannot perceive two separate lines at once.
B) Bottom-up processing generates a link between the lines.
C) The Gestalt Law of closure would suggest a single line.
D) The spatial frequency is too high.
E) Binocular disparity generates two connect images.

Question 27

At the level of the visual receptors in the retina,which theory seems to explain colour vision the best?

A) trichromatic theory
B) opponent-process theory
C) top-down processing theory
D) independent processing theory
E) retinal dysplasia theory

Question 28

The frequency theory of pitch makes good sense,but it has a major problem.What is this problem?

A) Cells in the organ of Corti do not vibrate.
B) Frequencies do not penetrate to the cochlea.
C) The basilar membrane can only respond to sounds above 50 db.
D) Sensory neurons in the inner ear cannot fire faster than 1000 cycles per second.
E) Pitch is not really related to frequency.

Question 29

Imagine a species that was born with only 2 cones in the retina sensitive to colour-one in the red range and one in the blue range.We would predict that colour vision in this species would be most similar to a

A) monochromat.
B) dichromat.
C) tricolour-blind person.
D) trichromat.
E) single process system.

Question 30

If you were born without cochlear nerves,we still might be able to restore some of your hearing.Which of the following procedures would we have to examine?

A) a hearing aid
B) a cochlear implant
C) a tactile tongue stimulator
D) an implant directly to the cochlear nucleus
E) a basilar membrane transplant