Deck 23: Firmicutes: the Low G 1 C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Question 1

Which of the following is responsible for causing gas gangrene?

A)Clostridium perfringens
B)Clostridium botulinum
C)Clostridium acetobutylicum
D)Clostridium tetani

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following genera is photosynthetic using bacteriochlorophyll g?

A)Heliobacterium
B)Veillonella
C)Clostridium
D)Caryophanon

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Gene duplications in Bacillus subtilis have resulted in a large gene family that encodes __________ transporters.

Answer 3

ABC

Question 4

The photosynthetic pigments of Heliobacterium and Heliophilum

A)are in separate membrane structures attached to the plasma membrane.
B)are in separate membrane structures that are not attached to the plasma membrane.
C)are in the plasma membrane and not in separate structures.
D)are in separate structures and also in the plasma membrane.

Question 5

Although lacking a TCA cycle and a respiratory chain,__________ can divide with a generation time of eight to ten minutes when growing in a human host.

A)Streptococcus pyogenes
B)Staphylococcus aureus
C)Clostridium perfringens
D)no bacterium can divide that fast

Question 6

Pyogenic streptococci usually produce ___________-hemolysis when cultured on blood agar.

Question 7

ATP can be produced via the Stickland reaction by

A)Bacillus.
B)Clostridium.
C)Epulopiscium.
D)Desulfotomaculum.

Question 8

Clostridium perfringens causes which of the following?

A)gas gangrene
B)pneumonia
C)fire blight disease of pears
D)tuberculosis

Question 9

Clostridium tetani in deep puncture wounds can cause the disease ___________ in humans.

Question 10

Many bacteria that were originally classified in the genus Streptococcus are now placed into 2 new genera,Enterococcus and Lactococcus.

Question 11

Staphylococcus aureus produces the enzyme __________,which causes blood plasma to clot.

Question 12

Members of the genus Clostridium are spore-forming and aerobic.

Question 13

Members of the genus Veillonella are part of the normal microflora of the

A)sweat glands and hair follicles.
B)stomach.
C)upper and lower respiratory tract.
D)mouth.

Question 14

Strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to __________ generally cannot be treated with antibiotic therapy.

Question 15

Members of the genus Bacillus are spore-forming,aerobic and catalase positive.

Question 16

Desulfotomaculum are gram-positive,but stain gram-negative because their cell walls have a lower than normal concentration of peptidoglycan.

Question 17

Abscesses and boils are often associated with

A)Streptococcus mutans.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)Lactococcus lactis.
D)Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 18

Members of the genus Staphylococcus are normally associated with

A)skin.
B)skin glands.
C)mucous membranes.
D)all of the choices

Question 19

Thermoactinomyces vulgaris is the causative agent for

A)cystic fibrosis.
B)farmer's lung disease.
C)primary atypical pneumonia.
D)vaginitis.

Question 20

The genus Veillonella is unusual because it grows well on organic acids such as lactate and pyruvate,but is normally unable to ferment glucose and other carbohydrates.

Question 21

Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of food poisoning in the US.

Question 22

Lactobacilli are alkalophilic,preferring conditions that are slightly alkaline for optimal growth.

Question 23

The Lancefield grouping system

A)depends on serological detection of polysaccharide and teichoic acid antigens.
B)is used to identify $\beta$ -hemolytic streptococci.
C)is based on a DNA fingerprinting assay specific for streptococci.
D)depends on serological detection of polysaccharide and teichoic acid antigens and is used to identify $\beta$ -hemolytic streptococci

Question 24

Endospore-forming gram-positive bacteria are found primarily in __________ habitats.

A)soil
B)freshwater
C)marine
D)all of the choices

Question 25

The largest genus in the order Lactobacillales is _____________ with around 100 species.

A)Lactobacillus
B)Leuconostoc
C)Streptococcus
D)Listeria

Question 26

Which of the following is not one of the groups of streptococci?

A)The pyogenic streptococci.
B)The oral streptococci.
C)The dermal streptococci.
D)All of the above are groups of streptococci.

Question 27

Enterococcus faecalis has been associated with

A)endocarditis.
B)abscesses.
C)diarrhea.
D)sinus infection.

Question 28

Which of the following genera produce numerous useful antibiotics?

A)Bacillus
B)Clostridium
C)Leuconostoc
D)all of the choices

Question 29

Members of the genus Leuconostoc are important in the production of

A)pickles.
B)sauerkraut.
C)cheese.
D)all of the choices

Question 30

Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis,an important

A)waterborne infection.
B)insect-borne infection.
C)airborne infection.
D)foodborne infection.

Question 31

Lactobacillus grows optimally at __________ pH.

A)slightly acidic
B)neutral
C)slightly alkaline
D)very acidic

Question 32

Which of the following is pyogenic (pus forming)?

A)Streptococcus pyogenes
B)Streptococcus mutans
C)Streptococcus fecaelis
D)Lactococcus lactis

Question 33

Which of the following antibiotics are produced by members of the genus Bacillus?

A)bacitracin
B)gramicidin
C)polymyxin
D)all of the choices

Question 34

Members of the genus Thermoactinomyces

A)produce spores on its hyphae.
B)are commonly found in damp haystacks and compost piles.
C)are thermophiles.
D)all of the choices

Question 35

Leuconostoc species have the ability to grow in high concentrations of sugar,making them a major problem in sugar refineries during the production of heavy syrup.

Question 36

Streptococcal sore throat (strep throat)is caused by

A)Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)Streptococcus mutans.
C)Streptococcus trachius.
D)Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 37

Members of the genus Lactobacillus

A)grow optimally under slightly alkaline conditions.
B)are normal flora of the human body in mouth,intestinal tract and vagina.
C)are strict aerobes.
D)produce large amounts of H₂ as a byproduct of metabolism when growing on glucose.

Question 38

Staphylococcus aureus appears to be very adept at acquiring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes from other bacteria.

Question 39

When they ferment,glucose members of the genus Streptococcus produce lactic acid but no gas.

Question 40

Which of the following is not true of the genus Lactobacillus?

A)They are used in the production of fermented vegetable foods,beverages,sour dough,hard cheeses,yogurt,and sausages.
B)They are responsible for spoilage of beer,milk,and meat.
C)Many species are pathogenic in humans and animals.
D)They do not produce endospores.

Question 41

Members of the genus Streptococcus carry out __________ fermentation.

A)butanediol
B)heterolactic
C)homolactic
D)mixed acid

Question 42

Which of the following is a normal skin resident?

A)Staphylococcus epidermidis
B)Staphylococcus aureus
C)Streptococcus mutans
D)Clostridium perfringens

Question 43

Which of the following will grow in broth with 6.5% salt?

A)Streptococcus mutans
B)Enterococcus fecaelis
C)Lactococcus lactis
D)all of these

Question 44

The organisms that causes toxic shock syndrome is

A)Staphylococcus epidermidis.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)Lactococcus lactis.
D)Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 45

Which of the following is used in the production of buttermilk and cheese?

A)Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)Streptococcus mutans
C)Enterococcus faecalis
D)Lactococcus lactis

Question 46

Some species of Streptococcus,when grown on blood agar,produce an incomplete hemolysis with the formation of a greenish zone around the colony; this is referred to as

A)alpha-hemolysis.
B)beta-hemolysis.
C)gamma-hemolysis.
D)none of these

Question 47

Some species of Streptococcus,when grown on blood agar,produce a complete hemolysis with the formation of a clear zone around the colony; this is referred to as

A)alpha-hemolysis.
B)beta-hemolysis.
C)gamma-hemolysis.
D)none of these

Question 48

Which of the following is associated with dental caries?

A)Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)Streptococcus mutans
C)Enterococcus faecalis
D)Lactococcus lactis