Deck 10: Nervous System

Question 1

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
The innermost layer of the meninges

Answer 1

F

Question 2

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Secrete neurotransmitters

Answer 3

G

Question 4

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Impaired sense of smell

Question 5

Match each brain lobe to its key functions.
a.frontal lobe
d.occipital lobe
b.parietal lobe
e.insula
c.temporal lobe
Emotion, social judgment, and decision making

Question 6

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Insulates the neuron

Question 7

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Contains fibers that carry sensory information into the spinal cord

Question 8

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Contains fibers that carry motor information out of the spinal cord

Question 9

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Excitable, impulse-conducting cells that perform the work of the nervous system

Question 10

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Carries cerebrospinal fluid through the spinal canal

Question 11

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Blindness in all or part of a visual field

Question 12

Match each brain lobe to its key functions.
a.frontal lobe
d.occipital lobe
b.parietal lobe
e.insula
c.temporal lobe
Hearing, smell, and visual recognition

Question 13

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Supportive cells of the nervous system

Question 14

Match each brain lobe to its key functions.
a.frontal lobe
d.occipital lobe
b.parietal lobe
e.insula
c.temporal lobe
Analyzing and interpreting visual information

Question 15

Match each brain lobe to its key functions.
a.frontal lobe
d.occipital lobe
b.parietal lobe
e.insula
c.temporal lobe
Interpretation of touch, temperature, and pain

Question 16

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Small space between the outer covering of the spinal cord and the vertebrae

Question 17

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Lies between the arachnoid mater and pia mater, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 18

Match each structure to its description.
a.neuron
e.axon
b.neuroglia
f.nodes of Ranvier
c.soma
g.synaptic knob
d.dendrite
h.myelin sheath
Contains the nucleus of a neuron

Question 19

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
Tough outer layer of the meninges

Question 20

Match each term to its definition.
a.central canal
f.pia mater
b.epidural space
g.arachnoid mater
c.dorsal nerve root
h.dura mater
d.spinal nerve
i.subarachnoid space
e.ventral nerve root
j.peripheral nerve
A single nerve that contains both motor and sensory fibers

Question 21

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Deafness, dizziness, nausea, and loss of balance

Question 22

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Has no effect on adrenal medulla

Question 23

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates adrenal medulla to secrete epinephrine

Question 24

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Causes "fight-or-flight" response

Question 25

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates sweat glands

Question 26

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Has no effect on blood vessels of skeletal muscles

Question 27

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Increases heart rate

Question 28

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates secretion of thick salivary mucus

Question 29

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Has no effect on the urinary bladder or internal sphincter

Question 30

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Loss of sensation in upper face

Question 31

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Impaired ability to move head, neck, and shoulders

Question 32

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Increases alertness

Question 33

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Constricts bronchial tubes

Question 34

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Decreases heart rate

Question 35

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates secretion of thin salivary mucus

Question 36

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Hoarseness or loss of voice

Question 37

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Causes "resting and digesting" state

Question 38

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Drooping eyelid; inability to move eye in some directions

Question 39

Match each cranial nerve to the symptoms that would result from damage to that particular nerve.
a.olfactory nerve
b.facial nerve
c.vestibulocochlear nerve
d.vagus nerve
e.optic nerve
f.oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
g.trigeminal nerve
h.glossopharyngeal nerve
i.hypoglossal nerve
j.spinal accessory nerve
Sagging facial muscles

Question 40

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Inhibits intestinal motility

Question 41

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Nerves from which region of the spinal cord innervate the chest, head, neck, shoulders, arms, hands, and diaphragm?

A) Thoracic
B) Lumbar
C) Cervical
D) Sacral

Question 42

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates bladder wall to contract and the internal sphincter to relax to cause urination

Question 43

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which statement about neurotransmitters is true?

A) The release of a neurotransmitter stimulates the infusion of calcium into the cell.
B) Neurotransmitters can bind to any receptor.
C) The type of neurotransmitter released determines whether an impulse continues or is stopped.
D) After an impulse is transmitted, the remaining neurotransmitter is consumed by phagocytes.

Question 44

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Dilates blood vessels of skeletal muscles to increase blood flow

Question 45

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
When an action potential reaches a synaptic knob and the membrane depolarizes,

A) ion channels open and calcium ions enter the cell.
B) ion channels open and calcium flows out of the cell.
C) neurotransmitter release is inhibited.
D) sodium channels open and the action potential continues.

Question 46

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The blood-brain barrier primarily consists of which type of nerve cell?

A) Microglia
B) Schwann cell
C) Astrocyte
D) Oligodendrocyte

Question 47

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Dilates bronchial tubes

Question 48

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
To perform a lumbar puncture, physicians insert a hollow needle into the subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae and remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid. Why do you think they choose this location for the procedure?

A) Because the vertebrae are more flexible in this location and the patient can bend forward
B) Because the spinal cord ends at the first lumbar vertebra, minimizing the risk for damaging the spinal cord
C) Because the cauda equina is in this area
D) Because there are no spinal nerves in this area, minimizing the risk for nerve injury

Question 49

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
What are the consequences if a nerve lacks a neurilemma?

A) Nerve conduction is slowed.
B) Nerve conduction is accelerated.
C) The nerve cannot regenerate if injured.
D) The nerve will atrophy and die.

Question 50

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Neurons found in the CNS that connect incoming sensory pathways with outgoing motor pathways are called:

A) Sensory neurons
B) Motor neurons
C) Multipolar neurons
D) Interneurons

Question 51

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The central nervous system includes the

A) somatic motor system.
B) sympathetic division.
C) brain and spinal cord.
D) autonomic motor system.

Question 52

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which statement about nerve impulse conduction in myelinated neurons is true?

A) Myelin facilitates the free movement of ions across the cell membrane.
B) The action potential occurs only at gaps in the myelin.
C) The electrical current leaps over the myelin sheath, jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next.
D) The electrical current passes through the myelin.

Question 53

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The type of neuron that has one axon and multiple dendrites is a

A) bipolar neuron.
B) unipolar neuron.
C) multipolar neuron.
D) neuroglia.

Question 54

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The division of the nervous system that carries signals from nerve endings to the central nervous system is the

A) sensory (afferent) division.
B) motor (efferent) division.
C) sympathetic division.
D) parasympathetic division.

Question 55

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The part of the nervous system that carries signals from the skin, bones, joints, and muscles to the central nervous system is the

A) autonomic motor.
B) somatic motor.
C) visceral sensory.
D) somatic sensory.

Question 56

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Has a calming effect

Question 57

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
When you touch something hot, the type of neurons that send impulses allowing you to withdraw your hand are

A) afferent neurons.
B) efferent neurons.
C) interneurons.
D) neuroglia.

Question 58

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
When a neuron's cell membrane is polarized and contains an abundance of sodium on the inside and an abundance of potassium on the outside, the cell is

A) in resting potential, waiting to react if a stimulus comes along.
B) in the process of depolarizing.
C) in the process of conducting an action potential down the axon.
D) unable to react to a new stimulus.

Question 59

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Has no effect on sweat glands

Question 60

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Stimulates intestinal motility

Question 61

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
A patient who is experiencing severe pain down the back of the leg most likely has an injury to a nerve in which plexus?

A) Cervical
B) Lumbar
C) Sacral
D) Brachial

Question 62

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
A somatic reflex

A) is a quick, involuntary, and unpredictable response to a stimulus.
B) involves a neural circuit that bypasses regions of the brain where conscious decisions are made.
C) is governed by autonomic neurons.
D) involves the contraction of a smooth muscle in response to a stimulus.

Question 63

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Where do most parasympathetic ganglia reside?

A) In or near target organs
B) In chains within the spinal cord
C) In clusters within the brain
D) In chains along both sides of the spinal cord

Question 64

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which portion of the brain controls the autonomic nervous system?

A) Thalamus
B) Hypothalamus
C) Cerebellum
D) Cerebrum

Question 65

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
What structural feature of the sympathetic nervous system allows it to cause the "fight-or-flight" response to be both immediate and widespread?

A) The fibers that extend to target organs are unmyelinated.
B) Sympathetic neurons begin in the spinal cord.
C) The fibers that lead to ganglia are myelinated.
D) Preganglionic neurons synapse with multiple postganglionic neurons.

Question 66

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
How many pairs of spinal nerves connect to the spinal cord?

A) 38
B) 31
C) 12
D) 28

Question 67

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Descending spinal tracts carry

A) sensory signals up the spinal cord to the brain.
B) sensory signals down the spinal cord to the body.
C) motor impulses up the spinal cord to the brain.
D) motor impulses down the spinal cord to skeletal muscles.

Question 68

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Where do most sympathetic ganglia exist?

A) In or near target organs
B) In chains within the spinal cord
C) In clusters within the brain
D) In chains along both sides of the spinal cord

Question 69

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which statement about the medulla oblongata is true?

A) It plays a role in balance and posture.
B) It aids in smooth, coordinated movements.
C) It evaluates sensory input such as touch and sound.
D) It aids in the regulation of breathing.

Question 70

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which nerve stimulates the diaphragm for breathing?

A) Femoral
B) Median
C) Sciatic
D) Phrenic

Question 71

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Someone who has experienced an injury to the hippocampus would most likely

A) lose the ability to form new memories.
B) have difficulty controlling emotion.
C) have difficulty staying awake.
D) lose the ability to identify familiar objects.

Question 72

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
A patient is admitted to the hospital with paralysis on the right side of the body. Magnetic resonance imaging reveals that he has suffered a stroke on the left side of his brain. What is the most likely explanation for the location of his symptoms?

A) A stroke on the left side of the brain would affect corticospinal tracts responsible for movement.
B) A stroke on the left side of the brain would affect motor signals being sent to the right side of the body.
C) A stroke on the left side of the brain would affect the area responsible for movement.
D) There is no logical explanation because a stroke on the left side of the brain would affect movement on the left side of the body.

Question 73

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
White matter appears white because of

A) its lack of myelin.
B) its abundance of myelin.
C) a preponderance of neuron cell bodies.
D) the presence of the meninges.

Question 74

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
If the arachnoid villi were to become nonfunctional, what would be the result?

A) The ventricles of the brain would not have enough cerebrospinal fluid.
B) The ventricles of the brain would contain too much cerebrospinal fluid.
C) The cardiac center would be affected.
D) Auditory and visual reflexes would be affected.

Question 75

The neurons of the parasympathetic division arise from

A) the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
B) the cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord.
C) the cranial and thoracic regions of the spinal cord.
D) the lumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord.

Question 76

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
The neurons of the sympathetic division arise from

A) the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
B) the cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord.
C) the cranial and thoracic regions of the spinal cord.
D) the lumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord.

Question 77

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which statement about the autonomic nervous system is correct?

A) Autonomic pathways consist of a single nerve fiber leading from the spinal cord to the target organ.
B) Autonomic pathways operate under voluntary control.
C) Autonomic pathways innervate skeletal muscle.
D) Autonomic pathways secrete both acetylcholine and norepinephrine as neurotransmitters.

Question 78

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Gray matter primarily contains

A) neuron cell bodies.
B) myelinated fibers.
C) Schwann cells.
D) bundles of axons.

Question 79

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
Which portion of the brain contains the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata?

A) Cerebrum
B) Diencephalon
C) Cerebellum
D) Brainstem

Question 80

Match each division of the autonomic nervous system with its function.
a.sympathetic division
b.parasympathetic division
An injury to which part of the brain is most likely to impair reasoning and cause socially inappropriate behavior?

A) Frontal
B) Parietal
C) Temporal
D) Occipital