Deck 8: Joints and Movement

Question 1

A place where two or more bones come together is a(n)

A) cavity.
B) joint.
C) contusion.
D) articulation.
E) joint and an articulation.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

A synchondrosis contains _____ cartilage.

A) synchronous
B) fibrous
C) elastic
D) reticular
E) hyaline

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The dentoalveolar joint is between the

A) sacrum and coxa.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Joints are classified according to the

A) bones that are united at the joint.
B) structure of the joint.
C) size of the joint.
D) shape of the joint.
E) type of fluid in the joint.

Question 5

The sagittal suture is between the

A) sacrum and coxa.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Question 6

The atlantoaxial joint is between the

A) sacrum and coxa.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Question 7

The symphysis pubis is between the

A) sacrum and coxa.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Question 8

The joint between the teeth and the mandibular alveolus is an example of a

A) suture.
B) syndesmosis.
C) gomphosis.
D) synostosis.
E) symphysis.

Question 9

The epiphyseal plate of a growing bone is actually a temporary joint called a

A) synchondrosis.
B) synostosis.
C) syndesmosis.
D) symphysis.
E) suture.

Question 10

A joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a

A) fibrous joint.
B) synovial joint.
C) complex joint.
D) cartilaginous joint.
E) partial joint.

Question 11

When two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone, this is called a

A) suture.
B) syndesmosis.
C) gomphosis.
D) synostosis.
E) symphysis.

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning sutures is false?

A) They may become completely immovable in adults.
B) The opposing bones in the joint interdigitate for stability.
C) The tissue between the bones is hyaline cartilage.
D) The periosteum of adjacent bones is continuous over the joint.
E) Membranes, called fontanels, are present in some sutures at birth.

Question 13

An example of a symphysis is the

A) elbow joint.
B) temporomandibular joint.
C) costovertebral joint.
D) intervertebral joint.
E) sacroiliac joint.

Question 14

Most of the joints in the appendicular skeleton are _____ joints.

A) fibrous
B) immovable
C) synovial
D) cartilaginous
E) inarticulate

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a cartilaginous joint?

A) epiphyseal plates
B) intervertebral disks
C) fontanelles
D) sternocostal joint
E) manubriosternal joint

Question 16

A synchondrosis

A) is a type of gomphosis.
B) is freely movable.
C) may be temporary.
D) is found in the arm.
E) is not found in a growing long bone.

Question 17

The sacroiliac joint is between the

A) sacrum and coxa.
B) two pubic bones.
C) atlas and axis.
D) alveolar process and tooth.
E) two parietal bones.

Question 18

In a syndesmosis

A) there is an osseous union between the bones of the joint.
B) the bones are held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes.
C) it is not unusual to find discs of cartilage.
D) no movement occurs.
E) there is a great range of motion.

Question 19

Joints between the carpal bones are

A) costocarpal joints.
B) intermetacarpal joints.
C) metacarpalphalangeal joints.
D) intercarpal joints.
E) intracarpal joints.

Question 20

Cartilaginous joints

A) are common in the skull.
B) unite two bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage.
C) allow the most movement between bones.
D) are found in the lower leg.
E) are not found in the pelvic region.

Question 21

Synovial fluid

A) lacks cells.
B) is found between all bony junctions.
C) increases friction between bones.
D) is produced by articular cartilage.
E) decreases friction between bones.

Question 22

Which of the following types of joints is mismatched with its location?

A) saddle - thumb
B) ball and socket - between humerus and scapula
C) ellipsoid - between femur and tibia
D) plane - between carpal bones
E) hinge - cubital

Question 23

Articular cartilage

A) attaches tendons to bones.
B) produces red blood cells.
C) forms bursal fluid.
D) covers the ends of bones in synovial joints.
E) is formed at the epiphyseal plate.

Question 24

The synovial membrane

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 25

Synovial joints are different from both fibrous and cartilaginous joints because synovial joints

A) use fibrous connective tissue to hold the bones in the joint together.
B) are enclosed by a joint capsule.
C) are only temporary; they are replaced in the adult.
D) generally have both bones in the joint fused together.
E) are not freely moveable.

Question 26

Which of the following is a synovial joint?

A) atlanto-occipital
B) epiphyseal plate
C) costosternal joint
D) tibiofibular joint
E) intervertebral disk

Question 27

The joint capsule

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 28

The function of a bursa is to

A) provide support for a weak joint.
B) provide a fluid-filled cushion that reduces friction.
C) increase the articulating surface at a joint.
D) bind ligaments to bones.
E) produce fluid.

Question 29

A sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. From the following list of structures, select the order in which they were penetrated. (1) tendon or muscle
(2) ligament
(3) fibrous capsule
(4) skin
(5) synovial membrane

A) 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
B) 4, 5, 1, 2, 3
C) 4, 3, 2, 5, 1
D) 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
E) 4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Question 30

Which of the following statements concerning bursae is true?

A) They are filled with air.
B) They are a cellular cushion.
C) They carry blood vessels to joints.
D) They are formed by an extension of the synovial membrane.
E) They bind tendons to ligaments.

Question 31

Pain in a synovial joint such as the hip can occur because of irritation of the nerves in the

A) fibrous capsule of the joint.
B) articular cartilage of the femur.
C) synovial fluid.
D) joint cavity.
E) bone.

Question 32

Synovial fluid

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 33

A pivot joint

A) is a modified ball and socket joint.
B) restricts movement to rotation.
C) is a biaxial joint.
D) allows gliding movement.
E) is between the atlas and the occipital bone.

Question 34

Which of the following joints is most movable?

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) symphysis
D) synovial
E) synchondrosis

Question 35

Hyaluronic acid

A) contributes to the rigidity of a joint.
B) is found in the synovial membrane.
C) is responsible for the lubricating properties of synovial fluid.
D) makes up most of the matrix of hyaline cartilage.
E) makes surfaces rough.

Question 36

Articular cartilage

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 37

The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist indicates a disorder of the

A) cruciate ligament.
B) synovial membrane.
C) articular cartilage.
D) bursae.
E) mucus membrane.

Question 38

A joint that consists of two opposed flat surfaces of approximately equal size is a _____ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ellipsoid

Question 39

The fibrous capsule

A) is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.
B) is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.
C) provides a smooth surface where bones meet.
D) is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.
E) lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Question 40

This type of joint is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement.

A) saddle
B) hinge
C) pivot
D) plane
E) ball and socket

Question 41

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called

A) circumduction.
B) rotation.
C) hyperextension.
D) supination.
E) pronation.

Question 42

Shrugging the shoulders is an example

A) elevation.
B) adduction.
C) supination.
D) extension.
E) pronation.

Question 43

Which of the following movements is an example of extension?

A) bending forward at the waist
B) kneeling
C) raising your arm laterally
D) using your finger to point out an area on a map
E) shrugging your shoulders

Question 44

Standing on one's toes is an example of a movement called

A) dorsiflexion.
B) plantar flexion.
C) depression.
D) opposition.
E) elevation.

Question 45

The opposite of depression is

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) elevation.
D) pronation.
E) flexion.

Question 46

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly is called

A) circumduction.
B) rotation.
C) hyperextension.
D) supination.
E) pronation.

Question 47

Bowing the head is an example of

A) rotation.
B) pronation.
C) flexion.
D) lateral excursion.
E) hyperextension.

Question 48

A biaxial joint has movement

A) around one axis.
B) around two axes at right angles to one another.
C) about several axes.
D) as long as there is articular cartilage present.
E) that always rotates.

Question 49

Turning a structure around its longitudinal axis is called

A) circumduction.
B) rotation.
C) hyperextension.
D) supination.
E) pronation.

Question 50

The type of movement between carpal bones is described as

A) pivot.
B) adduction.
C) extension.
D) flexion.
E) gliding.

Question 51

Which of the following joints is most movable?

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ball and socket

Question 52

The joint between the head of the radius and the proximal end of the ulna is a _____ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ball and socket

Question 53

A movement through 360 degrees that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called

A) circumduction.
B) rotation.
C) hyperextension.
D) supination.
E) pronation.

Question 54

The joint between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae is a _____ joint.

A) plane
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) ball and socket

Question 55

Abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of motion is called

A) circumduction.
B) rotation.
C) hyperextension.
D) supination.
E) pronation.

Question 56

Ellipsoid joints

A) are multiaxial joints.
B) are found between adjacent vertebra.
C) are actually modified ball and socket joints.
D) allow free rotation.
E) are modified pivot joints.

Question 57

Which of the following pairs of terms are opposites?

A) plantar flexion - dorsiflexion
B) abduction - extension
C) inversion - retraction
D) pronation - rotation
E) elevation - protraction

Question 58

The cubital or elbow joint is an example of a _____ joint.

A) saddle
B) hinge
C) pivot
D) ball and socket
E) plane

Question 59

An example of a saddle joint is the

A) shoulder joint.
B) elbow joint.
C) atlanto-occipital joint.
D) carpometacarpal joint.
E) atlantoaxial joint.

Question 60

Bending the waist to one side is known as

A) opposition.
B) adduction.
C) lateral flexion.
D) extension.
E) elevation.

Question 61

In the TMJ joint, the mandible articulates with the

A) temporal bone.
B) maxilla.
C) zygomatic bone.
D) tympanic bone.
E) parietal bone.

Question 62

Which of the following movements is possible at the hip or coxal joint?

A) rotation
B) flexion
C) adduction
D) circumduction
E) All of these are possible.

Question 63

Turning the ankle so that the plantar surface faces laterally is

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) supination.
D) retraction.

Question 64

The opposite of extension is

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) elevation.
D) pronation.
E) flexion.

Question 65

The anterior cruciate ligament prevents _____ displacement of the tibia.

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) lateral
D) medial
E) radial

Question 66

The opposite of supination is

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) elevation.
D) pronation.
E) flexion.

Question 67

The subscapular and subacromial bursa are associated with the _________ joint.

A) elbow
B) knee
C) shoulder
D) hip
E) wrist

Question 68

The opposite of eversion is

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) elevation.
D) pronation.
E) flexion.

Question 69

The glenoid labrum is part of the _____ joint while the acetabular labrum is part of the _____ joint.

A) elbow; knee
B) shoulder; hip
C) shoulder; knee
D) elbow; hip
E) shoulder; elbow

Question 70

The muscles that hold the humeral head within the glenoid cavity are collectively called the

A) sunacromial bursae.
B) rotator cuff.
C) glenoid labrum.
D) coracohumeral ligament.
E) deltoid muscle.

Question 71

What is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body?

A) glenohumeral joint
B) temporomandibular joint
C) humeroulnar joint
D) coxal joint
E) knee joint

Question 72

A tennis player goes to the doctor and is told he has a torn rotator cuff. He has injured his

A) neck.
B) shoulder.
C) hip.
D) knee.
E) elbow.

Question 73

Which of the following movements does not occur at the knee joint?

A) flexion
B) rotation
C) abduction
D) extension
E) All occur at the knee.

Question 74

The opposite of retraction is

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) elevation.
D) pronation.
E) flexion.

Question 75

Which of the following does NOT influence the range of motion of a joint?

A) the shape of the articular surfaces of the bones
B) the amount and shape of cartilage
C) the amount of fluid in and around the joint
D) the strength and location of tendons and ligaments
E) All of these influence range of motion.

Question 76

Returning the thumb to the anatomical position after touching the little finger is

A) reposition.
B) opposition.
C) medial excursion.
D) supination.

Question 77

Moving the mandible to the side as when grinding the teeth is

A) lateral flexion.
B) lateral excursion.
C) elevation.
D) inversion.

Question 78

Which of the following statements regarding the temporomandibular (TMJ) joint is correct?

A) The joint is divided into lateral and medial cavities by an articular disc of cartilage.
B) The joint has a cartilage capsule.
C) The joint is a combination plane and ellipsoidal joint.
D) The joint allows rotation.
E) The joint is located between the maxilla and the mandible.

Question 79

Moving the shoulders posteriorly so that the scapulae approach the vertebral column is an example of

A) rotation.
B) eversion.
C) depression.
D) retraction.

Question 80

The ligament at the head of the femur is the

A) ligamentum femoris.
B) ligamentum teres.
C) ligamentum acetabulum.
D) ligamentum ilium.
E) ligamentum primis.