Deck 7: Quantitative Data Preparation and Descriptive Statistics

Question 1

The difference between each value and the mean is known as the __________________.

A) variance
B) range
C) standard deviation
D) deviance

Answer 1

D

Question 2

You are analyzing the distribution of income in your city. You notice that there are a few extreme cases where income is very high. These cases may skew your distribution in which direction?

A) positive
B) negative
C) platykurtic
D) mesokurtic

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The highest value of your data set is 155 and the lowest number is 55. The difference between them is 100, which is also known as the ______________.

A) variance
B) range
C) standard deviation
D) deviance

Answer 3

B

Question 4

You ask respondents to fill out a survey question that asks, "have you ever been to Washington D.C.?" to which they either respond yes or no. This is an example of a ________________ variable.

A) ordinal
B) dichotomous
C) ratio
D) continuous

Question 5

Mean is a measure of ________________, while range is a measure of _______________.

A) central tendency; variability
B) variability; central tendency
C) variability; dispersion
D) outliers; variability

Question 6

A ________________ provides a visual spread of the data based on percentile points.

A) frequency table
B) histogram
C) frequency polygon
D) boxplot

Question 7

The _________________ represents the value that occurs most frequently.

A) Mean
B) Average
C) Mode
D) Median

Question 8

A variable with a large standard deviation, greater than a normal curve, will typically have a shape described as ___________________.

A) platykurtic
B) mesokurtic
C) leptokurtic
D) negatively skewed

Question 9

In Emily's story, she will create a measure of cultural competence by averaging the responses to multiple items in the survey. This new measure is known as a __________________.

A) variable
B) code
C) case
D) interval

Question 10

If you describe a variable as categorical, you are referring to its ______________, which is a description of how values are assigned to the attribute.

A) the codebook
B) level of measurement
C) central tendency
D) variability

Question 11

When measuring central tendency by calculating the mean, you should also consider the impact of _______________ which may skew the result.

A) positive skew
B) negative skew
C) outliers
D) median scores

Question 12

_________________ is the square root of the variance which provides the average deviance of the values from the mean in the same unit as the original data.

A) variance
B) range
C) standard deviation
D) frequency

Question 13

If you have a kurtosis value of zero, the shape of the distribution would be described as _________________.

A) platykurtic
B) leptokurtic
C) mesokurtic
D) skewed

Question 14

What is the median of the following set of numbers: 3, 5, 5, 8,6, 10?

A) 5
B) 5.5
C) 6
D) 6.3

Question 15

_____________________ is the study and set of tools and techniques used to quantitatively describe, organize, analyze, interpret, and present data.

A) Measurement studies
B) Statistics
C)Qualification
D) Quantification

Question 16

A frequency distribution in which the mode is greater than the median and mean is skewed in which direction?

A) leptokurtic
B) mesokurtic
C) positive
D) negative

Question 17

_______________ and _______________ are both considered continuous levels of measurement.

A) nominal; ordinal
B) ordinal; interval
C) interval; ratio
D) nominal; interval

Question 18

______________, typically shown as the rows in a program, represent the individual responses to the data collection.

A) variables
B) cases
C) statistics
D) frequency

Question 19

_______________ is a validation process researchers use to check the data for errors and screen for accuracy.

A) Description
B) Double entry
C) A Codebook
D) Data cleaning

Question 20

With a ________________ level of measurement, the numbers assigned to different attributes are arbitrary.

A) ordinal
B) nominal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 21

The codebook typically includes a description of the variable and the answers for each respondent.

Question 22

Interval variables are often referred to as grouping variables.

Question 23

If you have a level of measurement in which the distance between the values are meaningful but there is no absolute value of zero, then what level of measurement is being utilized?

A) ordinal
B) nominal
C) interval
D) ratio
True/False

Question 24

Inferential statistics are used describe the characteristics of data.

Question 25

The mean is the arithmetic average of the variable of interest and is sensitive to extreme scores.

Question 26

Prior to data being analyzed it is referred to as ________________ data.

A) descriptive
B) inferential
C) raw
D) central

Question 27

Describe what needs to be done to prepare data for analysis. Why are these steps necessary?

Question 28

Mode is a useful measure of central tendency to use with categorical variables.

Question 29

A ________________ is a graph which visually represents a frequency distribution.

A) platykurtic
B) frequency table
C) boxplot
D) histogram

Question 30

Mean, median and mode are all measures of central tendency.

Question 31

Age, reported by year, is an example of a ratio variable.

Question 32

Interval levels of measurement have a true zero while ratio measures do not.

Question 33

A question that asks respondents to rank three different departments is using a(n) ________________ level of measurement.

A) ordinal
B) nominal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 34

Discuss how variability is related to the shape of the distribution.

Question 35

Variance is calculated as, sum of squared deviance/(n-1)

Question 36

Double entry is a procedure in which duplicate responses are removed from a data set.

Question 37

You are examining a frequency polygon with the majority of its data in the middle ranges, the remaining data sloping down from the middle, and which has no skew. This distribution would be described as __________________.

A) platykurtic
B) leptokurtic
C) positively skewed
D) normal

Question 38

List and describe the three measures of central tendency. Then, describe a situation where you would choose to use each central tendency.