Deck 9: Senses

Question 1

In the cochlea, the space that extends from the oval window to the apex of the cochlear spiral is the:

A) cochlear duct.
B) scala vestibuli.
C) scala tympani.
D) spiral lamina.
E) tectorial membrane.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The sensory retina

A) is the outer portion of the retina.
B) contains pigment.
C) keeps light from being reflected back into the eye.
D) contains rod and cone cells.
E) has all of these characteristics.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The auditory ossicles

A) include the malleus, incus, and stapes.
B) are located in the inner ear.
C) decrease the vibrations from the tympanic membrane.
D) transmit vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the round window.
E) have all of these characteristics.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The iris

A) surrounds an opening called the pupil.
B) is the colored portion of the eye.
C) controls the diameter of the pupil.
D) is stimulated to contract by parasympathetic stimulation.
E) has all of these properties.

Question 5

The spot where a number of blood vessels enter the eye, and where the optic nerve exits the eye, is called

A) the macula.
B) the fovea centralis.
C) the blind spot.
D) the optic disk.
E) Both the blind spot and the optic disk are correct names.

Question 6

___________ detect light touch and superficial pressure and are found in the epidermis.

A) Meissner's corpuscles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) Merkel's disks
D) Ruffini corpuscles
E) Free nerve endings

Question 7

The fleshy part of the external ear on the outside of the head is the

A) external auditory canal.
B) ceruminous gland.
C) tympanic membrane.
D) auricle.
E) middle ear.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary taste sensations?

A) bitter
B) salty
C) sour
D) spicy
E) sweet

Question 9

The letter B represents the

A) external auditory canal.
B) tympanic membrane.
C) semicircular canals.
D) cochlea.
E) auditory ossicles.

Question 10

The choroid of the eye

A) is part of the fibrous tunic.
B) appears white in color.
C) anteriorly, is continuous with the sclera.
D) consists of a vascular network and large numbers of melanin-containing cells.
E) is part of the nervous tunic.

Question 11

The ability to see many different color variations results from:

A) stimulation of combinations of the three types of rods.
B) stimulation of combinations of the three types of cones.
C) retinal detachment.
D) the sensitivity of rods to photons of light.
E) the different varieties of retinal in each cone type.

Question 12

Which of these statements about taste is NOT true?

A) Taste buds are oval structures located on the surface of certain papillae on the tongue.
B) Each taste bud has about 40 taste cells
C) Taste cells contain hair-like processes called taste hairs.
D) Many taste sensations are strongly influenced by olfactory sensations.
E) Taste buds are only able to detect one taste sensation.

Question 13

The firm, opaque, white, outer connective tissue layer of the posterior five-sixths of the eye is the

A) sclera.
B) cornea.
C) vascular tunic.
D) choroid.
E) nervous tunic.

Question 14

The spiral organ

A) is located in the scala tympani.
B) contains specialized sensory cells with hairlike projections.
C) has sensory neurons with their cell bodies in the spiral lamina.
D) has hair cells with their tips embedded in the basilar membrane.
E) has afferent nerve fibers that form the tectorial nerve.

Question 15

____________ respond to fine, discriminative touch and are found just deep to the epidermis.

A) Meissner's corpuscles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) Merkel's disks
D) Ruffini corpuscles
E) Free nerve endings

Question 16

Axons from olfactory neurons

A) pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
B) enter the olfactory bulbs and synapse with interneurons.
C) form cranial nerve I
D) eventually relay information to the brain through the olfactory tracts
E) have all of these as properties.

Question 17

The letter A represents the

A) external auditory canal.
B) tympanic membrane.
C) semicircular canals.
D) cochlea.
E) auditory ossicles.

Question 18

The hair cells and tectorial membrane are found in

A) the saccule and utricle.
B) the cochlea.
C) the semi-circular canals.
D) the tympanum.

Question 19

Light rays

A) striking the retina cause action potentials to be relayed to the brain.
B) are refracted by the cornea, lens, and humors.
C) are refracted as they pass through a convex lens.
D) that are converging, reach a crossing point called the focal point.
E) have all of these characteristics.

Question 20

The vestibule

A) is associated with static equilibrium.
B) can be divided into the utricle and saccule.
C) has chambers with patches of specialized epithelium called maculae.
D) contains maculae, which have hair cells embedded into a gelatinous mass.
E) has all of these characteristics.

Question 21

Short wavelengths, from high pitched sounds, cause displacement of the basilar membrane near the oval window.
Animation - Effect of...
HAPS Learning Outcome: I06.01 Describe how the various structures of the outer, middle and inner ear function in hearing.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I06.02 Describe the sound conduction pathway from the auricle to the fluids of the inner ear and the path of nerve impulses from the spiral organ to various parts of the brain.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I06.03 Explain how the structures of the ear enable differentiation of pitch and loudness of sounds.
Learning Outcome: 09.07A Describe the structures of the outer and middle ears, and state the function of each.
Learning Outcome: 09.07B Describe the anatomy of the cochlea, and explain how sounds are detected.

Question 22

The letter B is the

A) retina.
B) choroid.
C) sclera.
D) cornea.
E) lens.

Question 23

The middle layer of the eye that, consists of the choroid, ciliary body, and iris is

A) the conjunctiva.
B) the fibrous tunic.
C) the vascular tunic.
D) the nervous tunic.
E) the crystalline lens.

Question 24

You are walking down the street when a strange dog begins to chase you. You manage to duck into a store and notice in a nearby hanging mirror that your pupils are very dilated. Which of the following most likely accounts for this?

A) The parasympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the circular smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
B) The parasympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the radial smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
C) The sympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the radial smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
D) The sympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the circular smooth muscles of the iris to contract.

Question 25

To focus on objects closer than 20 feet,

A) the lens must become flatter.
B) the ciliary muscles must contract.
C) the suspensory ligaments must increase tension on the lens.
D) the cornea must move inward.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 26

The maculae and otoliths are found in

A) the saccule and utricle.
B) the cochlea.
C) the semi-circular canals.
D) the tympanum.

Question 27

During training for night combat, soldiers are trained to look slightly to one side of objects they detect. This is because

A) looking directly at an object places the image on the fovea centralis.
B) looking directly at an object places the image on the optic disk.
C) color vision is better if you look slightly to one side of an object.
D) the fovea has very few rod cells, which are necessary for vision in dim light.
E) of both looking directly at an object places the image on the fovea centralis and the fovea has very few rod cells, which are necessary for vision in dim light.

Question 28

Another name for pain receptors is

A) tactile corpuscles.
B) lamellated corpuscles.
C) nociceptors.
D) mechanoreceptors.
E) agonists.

Question 29

Receptors for the general senses are found

A) in a few clusters.
B) only in the integumentary system.
C) widely distributed throughout the body.
D) throughout the visceral organs.
E) only in the skin.
HAPS Learning Outcome: H06.01 Describe exteroceptors, interoceptors and proprioceptors in terms of the general location of each in the body and the origin of the stimuli that each receives.
Learning Outcome: 09.02A List the general senses and the receptor type associated with each.

Question 30

A person with cataracts was treated by surgically removing the lenses of his eyes. The type of glasses he should get to compensate for the removal of his lenses would be

A) concave lenses.
B) convex lenses.
C) glasses to compensate for astigmatism.

Question 31

From the list below, all are accessory structures for the eye EXCEPT:

A) conjunctiva
B) lacrimal apparatus
C) retina
D) extrinsic eye muscles
E) eyelids

Question 32

The part of the eye that produces the greatest amount of convergence of light is the

A) cornea.
B) lens.
C) humors.
D) fovea centralis.
E) optic disk.

Question 33

The letter C is the

A) retina.
B) choroid.
C) sclera.
D) cornea.
E) lens.

Question 34

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Depth perception occurs where the two visual fields of the eyes overlap.
B) One common cause of double vision is a misalignment of the eyes due to a weakening of the extrinsic eye muscles.
C) Depth perception requires monocular vision.
D) The image seen by each eye is called the visual field of that eye.

Question 35

When you walk into a dark room, the _____ smooth muscles of the iris ____ the pupil of your eye.

A) radial; dilate
B) radial; constrict
C) circular; dilate
D) circular; constrict
E) papillary; constrict

Question 36

Special senses arise from receptors located

A) primarily in the head.
B) throughout the integumentary system.
C) in the fingertips.
D) in internal organs.
E) only in the central nervous system.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I03.01 Identify the location of olfactory receptors.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I03.02 Explain how odorants activate olfactory receptors.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I03.03 Describe the path of nerve impulses from the olfactory receptors to various parts of the brain.
Learning Outcome: 09.03A List the special senses.

Question 37

The conscious awareness of stimuli received by sensory receptors is called perception.

Question 38

Special senses are specialized in structure and are localized to specific organs.

Question 39

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the eye and vision?

A) Light absorption in the eye requires the presence of photopigments such as rhodopsin.
B) The fovea contains mostly cones and is your area of sharpest vision.
C) Rods only detect the presence of light while cones detect the specific wavelength of light.
D) The human eye changes the focal distance to focus exactly like a camera focuses.
E) When viewing distant objects, your lens becomes more flat.

Question 40

The lens focuses light on the photoreceptor cells by ______________; this movement is accomplished by the _____________.

A) moving up and down, suspensatory ligaments
B) changing shape from spherical to flat, suspensatory ligaments & ciliary body
C) opening and closing, iris diaphragm
D) moving up and down, papillary constrictor muscles
E) moving towards the cornea, macula and fovea

Question 41

Feeling heat and cold are examples of general sensation; but light and deep touch are examples of specialized sensation.

Question 42

The gelatinous mass inside of the eye is called the:

A) lacrimal secretion.
B) mucoid body.
C) vitreous humor.
D) hyaloid mass.
E) scleroid humor.

Question 43

As one ages, there is an increased flexibility of the eye lens.