Deck 5: Integumentary System

Question 1

Redness of the skin can result from all of the following except:

A) the inflammatory response
B) anger or blushing
C) exposure to heat
D) exposure to cold
E) all of the circumstances listed are correct answers.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

When exposed to the cold, the ears and nose may appear red. This is because

A) blood vessels in the nose and ears have constricted to conserve heat.
B) cyanosis occurs when blood flow slows down.
C) the nose and ears have a thicker, more keratinized stratum corneum than the rest of the face.
D) cold causes an inflammatory reaction in the nose and ears.
E) blood vessels dilate to prevent tissue damage from the cold.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Fingerprints and footprints are produced by dermal projections into the epidermis called

A) striae.
B) cleavage lines.
C) papillae.
D) reticular lines.
E) subcutaneous tissue.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The nail grows from the

A) nail body.
B) nail matrix.
C) eponychium.
D) lunula.
E) stratum corneum.

Question 5

Which of the following functions of the integumentary system is NOT correctly matched with an example?

A) sensation - pain, heat, cold, and pressure receptors in the skin
B) temperature regulation - radiation and convection of heat from blood flowing in the dermis
C) excretion - hydrogen ions are moved from the skin into the urine
D) vitamin D production - active vitamin D is produced from a precursor molecule
E) All of these are correctly matched.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about glands of the skin is true?

A) Sebaceous glands produce an oily white substance rich in lipids.
B) Sebum is important in cooling the body.
C) Eccrine sweat glands become active at puberty because of the influence of sex hormones.
D) Eccrine sweat glands produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances.
E) All of these are true.

Question 7

The lunula is part of the

A) nail body.
B) eponychium.
C) nail matrix.
D) stratum corneum.
E) nail root.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of aging of the integumentary system?

A) loss of elastic fibers in the skin
B) increase in activity of sweat and sebaceous glands
C) decreased number of melanocytes
D) loss of pigment in hair
E) skin becomes thinner and more transparent

Question 9

Hair color

A) is determined by the varying amounts and types of melanin.
B) can fade with age.
C) is produced by the melanocytes in the hair bulb.
D) all of the above.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Nails grow continually and do not have a resting stage.
B) The nail consists of layers of living cells from the stratum corneum.
C) The cells of a nail are filled with a special hard type of keratin.
D) The nail matrix and nail bed have a stratum basale.
E) The production of cells within the nail matrix results in the growth of the nail.

Question 11

Racial variations in skin color are determined by:

A) the number of melanocytes
B) the amount and type of melanin produced
C) the distribution and deposition of melanin
D) all of the these
E) the amount and type of melanin produced and the distribution and deposition of melanin

Question 12

Melanin

A) is a pigment produced by cells in the stratum corneum.
B) is produced by melanocytes.
C) is responsible for cyanosis.
D) is responsible for birthmarks.
E) is all of these.

Question 13

Which of the following conditions is incorrectly paired with its symptoms

A) Vitamin A deficiency - excess keratin deposits in skin leading to sand paper-like texture
B) iron deficiency anemia - nails become flat or concave (spoon-like)
C) psoriasis - fungal infection causing circular scaly lesions
D) cyanosis - bluish color of skin resulting from decreased blood oxygen content
E) acne - inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands

Question 14

Vitamin D

A) stimulates calcium and phosphate uptake in the small intestine.
B) is formed from a precursor molecule that is made when skin is exposed to ultraviolet light.
C) is formed from a precursor molecule that is modified in the liver and kidneys.
D) may be required in the diet if a person is exposed to very little ultraviolet light.
E) has all of these properties.

Question 15

A hair is formed or made by cells within the

A) hair shaft.
B) hair root.
C) arrector pili.
D) cuticle.
E) hair bulb.

Question 16

The hypodermis

A) is also called subcutaneous tissue.
B) is loose connective tissue that attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle.
C) is important for padding and insulation.
D) contains about half of the body's stored fat.
E) has all of these characteristics.

Question 17

A burn is an injury to a tissue caused by:

A) exposure to excess heat
B) exposure to excess cold
C) friction
D) exposure to chemicals
E) all of these

Question 18

One type of experimental contraceptive device is a skin patch that contains a chemical absorbed through the skin. Which of the following substances would most likely be the type of chemical involved?

A) a protein
B) substances dissolved in water
C) a steroid
D) a carbohydrate
E) either a protein or a carbohydrate or both together

Question 19

The stratum corneum of the epidermis

A) consists of continuously dividing cells.
B) can become thickened and form a structure called a callus or corn.
C) has cells that are continuously moving toward the stratum basale.
D) has cells that synthesize melanin.
E) has all of these characteristics.

Question 20

Paul is on the newest diet craze. After a couple of weeks of eating only carrots and carrot based products, he begins to notice that his skin has a decidedly yellowish tint. This is because

A) excess carotene from his diet has accumulated in the lipids of the stratum corneum.
B) liver damage has occurred, and bile pigments are building up.
C) excess melanin from his diet has accumulated in the lipids of the dermis.
D) he has recently been exposed to a lot of ultraviolet light.
E) his change in diet has nothing to due with the yellowish tint. It is just a natural change due to aging.

Question 21

Third-degree burns

A) are also called partial thickness burns.
B) cause immediate pain.
C) involve only the epidermis.
D) result in excessive fluid loss.
E) have all of these characteristics.

Question 22

Which type of glands help to cool the body?

A) eccrine sweat glands
B) apocrine sweat glands
C) sebaceous glands
D) both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands
E) All glands of the skin have this property.

Question 23

The type of glands that open into a hair follicle and have a thick organic secretion are

A) eccrine sweat glands.
B) apocrine sweat glands.
C) sebaceous glands.
D) both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.
E) All glands of the skin have this property.

Question 24

In the figure, the letter A best represents

A) a sweat gland.
B) a sebaceous gland.
C) the subcutaneous tissue.
D) an arrector pili muscle.
E) a hair follicle.

Question 25

To be safe and effective, sunscreen preparations should block

A) UVA only.
B) UVB only.
C) both UVA and UVB.
D) all forms of radiation other than UVA or UVB.

Question 26

The type of glands that open on surface of skin and have a watery secretion are

A) eccrine sweat glands.
B) apocrine sweat glands.
C) sebaceous glands.
D) both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.
E) All glands of the skin have this property.

Question 27

The shaft is a structural component found associated with

A) hair (or hair follicle).
B) nails (or nail bed).
C) glands.
D) sensory receptors.

Question 28

In the figure, the letter B best represents the

A) cortex.
B) cuticle.
C) papilla.
D) arrector pili muscle.
E) medulla.

Question 29

Cyanosis is caused by

A) altered blood flow to the skin (overall or in small areas).
B) increased number of active melanocytes.
C) collection of abnormal pigment (not melanin) in the skin.
D) decreased oxygen content of blood.
E) increased production of melanin by normal number of melanocytes.

Question 30

The type of glands that open into a hair follicle and produces sebum are

A) eccrine sweat glands.
B) apocrine sweat glands.
C) sebaceous glands.
D) both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.
E) All glands of the skin have this property.

Question 31

In the figure, the letter F best represents the

A) epidermis.
B) dermis.
C) subcutaneous tissue.
D) arrector pili muscle.
E) hair follicle.

Question 32

Chef Buoy Yardee is burned on the arm when a kettle of spaghetti sauce explodes. The doctor, using a forceps, pulls on a hair within the area that is burned. The hair easily pulls out. What degree of burn did the patient have?

A) first degree burn
B) second degree burn
C) third degree burn

Question 33

Jaundice is caused by

A) altered blood flow to the skin (overall or in small areas).
B) increased number of active melanocytes.
C) collection of abnormal bile pigment in the skin.
D) decreased oxygen content of blood.
E) increased production of melanin by normal number of melanocytes.

Question 34

Given that viruses are not affected by antibiotics, which of the following types of skin infection might be successfully treated with an antibiotic?

A) cold sores
B) chicken pox
C) acne
D) warts
E) All of these should respond favorably to antibiotic treatment.

Question 35

The ___________ is the layer of the skin made of epithelial tissue and the __________ is composed of dense connective tissue.

A) epidermis; dermis
B) epidermis; subcutaneous tissue
C) dermis; epidermis
D) dermis; subcutaneous tissue
E) subcutaneous tissue; dermis

Question 36

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

A) protection against abrasion and UV light
B) regulation of body temperature by controlling blood flow
C) excretion of small amounts of waste products
D) vitamin A production with exposure to UV light
E) detection of heat, cold, pressure, and pain sensations

Question 37

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the integument system?

A) The condition of the skin, hair and nails is affected by nutritional status.
B) Intact skin plays an important role in preventing water loss because its lipids act as a barrier to osmosis.
C) Keratin in the epidermis absorbs ultraviolet light and protects the underlying structures from its damaging effects.
D) Hair acts as a heat insulator and protective barrier.
E) Vitamin D stimulates the uptake of calcium and phosphate in the intestine.

Question 38

The type of glands that lubricate skin and hair and protect against some bacteria are

A) eccrine sweat glands.
B) apocrine sweat glands.
C) sebaceous glands.
D) both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.
E) All glands of the skin have this property.

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true concerning skin cancer?

A) Basal cell carcinoma produces an open ulcer.
B) Squamous cell carcinoma often arises from a preexisting mole.
C) Squamous cell carcinoma arises from cells within the stratum basale.
D) Malignant melanoma poses little danger of metastasis.
E) All of these statements are true.

Question 40

Malignant melanoma

A) is the least dangerous form of skin cancer.
B) usually arises from melanocytes in a preexisting mole.
C) rarely metastasizes.
D) is the most common type of skin cancer.
E) is the least dangerous form of skin cancer and usually arises from melanocytes in a preexisting mole.

Question 41

In the figure, the letter A best represents the

A) nail bed.
B) nail root.
C) nail matrix.
D) free edge.
E) eponychium.

Question 42

When a cancer is said to have metastasized, it means that

A) it has stopped growing.
B) it has spread to other areas of the body.
C) it has been destroyed by the body's defenses.
D) it has broken through the epidermis and formed a freckle on the skin.
E) it has changed color and shrunk in size.

Question 43

Which of the following helps in preventing the spread and growth of some types of skin cancer to other areas of the body?

A) gap junctions
B) basement membranes
C) an avascular (with out blood vessels) epidermis
D) gap junctions and basement membranes are correct
E) basement membranes and an avascular (with out blood vessels) epidermis are correct.

Question 44

The site of nail growth is at the structure labeled with the

A) letter A
B) letter B
C) letter C
D) letter D
E) letter E