Deck 10: Head and Neck

Question 1

The thyroid gland is partially obscured by the

A)cricoid cartilage.
B)carotid artery.
C)external jugular.
D)sternocleidomastoid.
E)hyoid bone.

Answer 1

sternocleidomastoid.

Question 2

The ________ cartilage is shaped like a shield, with its notch on the upper edge marking the level of bifurcation of the common carotid artery.

A)cricoid
B)hyoid
C)thyroid
D)sternocleidomastoid
E)external jugular

Answer 2

thyroid

Question 3

Closure of the anterior skull fontanel should occur by _____ months.

A)3
B)6
C)12
D)18
E)24

Answer 3

24

Question 4

Observation during history taking is the best way to examine for

A)head position.
B)scalp lice.
C)thyroid size.
D)tracheal alignment.
E)thickening of the temporal arteries.

Question 5

During physical examination of a 30-year-old Chinese man, you notice a slight asymmetry of his face. The cranial nerve examination is normal. Your best action is to

A)ask the patient if this characteristic runs in his family.
B)perform monofilament testing on the face.
C)obtain a complete blood analysis.
D)record the finding in the patient's chart.
E)obtain a CT scan of the head.

Question 6

Which of the following is an expected change in the assessment of the thyroid during pregnancy?

A)Palpation of the gland becomes difficult.
B)A bruit may be auscultated.
C)Inspection reveals a goiter.
D)The gland is tender on palpation.
E)The gland feels fibrotic.

Question 7

Spaces between the cranial bones accommodate

A)brain growth.
B)cartilage formation.
C)muscular expansion.
D)nerve regeneration.
E)cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 8

The trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles and the clavicle form a landmark called the _____ triangle.

A)anterior
B)posterior
C)lateral
D)medial
E)ventral

Question 9

The brown or tan pigmentation on the forehead, nose, and malar prominence of some pregnant women is called

A)hormonal acne.
B)erythema.
C)alopecia.
D)chloasma.
E)craniotabes.

Question 10

Which structures disproportionately enlarge in males during adolescence?

A)Coronal sutures
B)Hyoid and cricoid cartilages
C)Mandible and maxilla bones
D)Nose and thyroid cartilages
E)Mastoid processes and ears

Question 11

What is the significance of a patient with asymmetry of the entire side of the face?

A)A degenerative process may be developing.
B)A peripheral trigeminal nerve problem exists.
C)Asymmetry of body sides is a normal finding.
D)Visual and hearing problems will be present.
E)Facial nerve paralysis may be present.

Question 12

Ms. G is a 22-year-old secretary who comes to the clinic with headaches of 6 weeks' duration. She tells the office assistant about her heavy schedule, including part-time work and evening classes. Her vital signs are normal. Which information is most appropriate to Ms. G's history?

A)Current medications
B)Elimination patterns
C)Immunization status
D)Previous pregnancies
E)Previous abdominal surgeries

Question 13

The medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscles and the mandible form the _____ triangle.

A)dorsal
B)posterior
C)lateral
D)medial
E)anterior

Question 14

Which cranial nerves innervate the face?

A)II and V
B)III and VI
C)V and VII
D)VIII and IX
E)I and VII

Question 15

When examining the skull of a 4-month-old baby, you should normally find

A)closure of the anterior fontanel.
B)closure of the posterior fontanel.
C)ossification of the all sutures.
D)overlap of the cranial bones.
E)closure of the sagittal and coronal sutures.

Question 16

During a head and neck assessment of a neonate, it is important to screen for

A)the presence of torticollis.
B)signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy.
C)uneven movement of the eyes.
D)unilateral movement of the tongue.
E)the absence of fine motor skills.

Question 17

The largest endocrine gland in the body lies in the _____ triangle.

A)anterior
B)posterior
C)lateral
D)medial
E)ventral

Question 18

The greatest degree of cervical mobility is at

A)C1 to C2.
B)C2 to C3.
C)C3 to C4.
D)C4 to C5.
E)C6 to C7.

Question 19

A bruit heard over the thyroid is suggestive of

A)hypothyroidism.
B)hyperthyroidism.
C)thyroid cancer.
D)thyroid cyst.
E)thyroid nodule.

Question 20

The parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands

A)initiate protein digestion.
B)inhibit dental caries.
C)lubricate nasal surfaces.
D)promote dry mouth.
E)initiate fat digestion.

Question 21

The most common form of birth trauma of the scalp is

A)caput succedaneum.
B)cephalhematoma.
C)cranial bossing.
D)torticollis.
E)dilated scalp veins.

Question 22

Which of the following is true regarding cephalhematoma?

A)It is bound by suture lines.
B)The affected part feels soft.
C)It is obvious at birth.
D)The margins are poorly defined.
E)It never feels fluctuant on palpation.

Question 23

Spasmodic muscular contractions of the head, face, or neck are called

A)torticollis.
B)tics.
C)dimpling.
D)webbing.
E)chloasma.

Question 24

You are examining Ms. L, age 78 years. You find a sunken appearance of her eyes, cheeks, and temporal areas. Her skin is dry, and her nose appears sharp. Ms. L's facies description is associated with

A)cutis laxa syndrome.
B)Hurler syndrome.
C)old age.
D)terminal illness.
E)myxedema.

Question 25

When noting a bulging fontanel with marked pulsations in a 6-month-old infant, you suspect

A)normal development.
B)Down syndrome.
C)increased intracranial pressure.
D)fever response to a viral infection.
E)cephalhematoma.

Question 26

An inconsequential finding on the head of an adult is a palpable

A)embryonic remnant.
B)posterior fontanel.
C)sagittal suture ridge.
D)skull indentation.
E)nodule.

Question 27

A 29-year-old woman presents to the urgent care center with a history of a severe headache of 2 hours' duration. She describes it as bandlike and constricting. In interviewing the woman about her complaint, you would ask

A)whether she has experienced increased tearfulness.
B)the date of her last menstrual period.
C)whether these headaches started in childhood.
D)whether she is particularly stressed or overworked.
E)whether she is missing meals.

Question 28

The thyroid gland should

A)be slightly left of midline.
B)have a clear vascular sound.
C)feel nodular.
D)tug with each heartbeat.
E)move when the patient swallows.

Question 29

Tracheal tug suggests the presence of a(n)

A)enlarged thyroid.
B)swallowing disorder.
C)aortic aneurysm.
D)thoracic carcinoma.
E)hyperparathyroidism.

Question 30

A bruit, or blowing sound, over the skull or temporal region of an adult indicates

A)degenerative change.
B)hyperthyroid storm.
C)a skull fracture.
D)a vascular anomaly.
E)Cushing syndrome.

Question 31

A stethoscope is used in a head and neck examination to assess

A)intracranial fluid.
B)pulsating fontanels.
C)skull bone development.
D)thyroid vascular sounds.
E)parotid glands.

Question 32

Which is the best way to position a patient's neck for palpation of the thyroid?

A)Flexed away from the side being examined
B)Flexed directly forward
C)Flexed toward the side being examined
D)Hyperextended directly backward
E)Rotated away from the side being examined

Question 33

The correct way to transilluminate an infant's skull is to

A)hold the light 18 inches from the skull.
B)move the light toward and then away from the head.
C)hold the light firmly against the ears.
D)place the light firmly against the skull.
E)shine the light inside the infant's mouth.

Question 34

Which type of headache occurs at night, is precipitated by alcohol consumption, and occurs more often in men than in women?

A)Classic migraine
B)Temporal arteritis
C)Muscular tension
D)Hypertensive
E)Cluster

Question 35

Moist skin with fine hair, prominent eyes, eyelid retraction, and a staring expression are characteristics associated with

A)Cushing syndrome.
B)Graves disease.
C)myxedema.
D)systemic lupus erythematosus.
E)Hippocratic facies.

Question 36

RJ presents with a freely movable cystic mass in the midline of the high neck region at the base of the tongue. This is most likely a

A)torticollis.
B)branchial cleft cyst.
C)Stensen duct stone.
D)thyroglossal duct cyst.
E)parotid gland tumor.

Question 37

You are palpating a patient's thyroid and find that its broadest dimension measures 4 cm. The right lobe is 25% larger than the left. These data indicate

A)a congenital anomaly.
B)a normal thyroid gland.
C)a multinodular goiter.
D)thyroiditis.
E)a hypothyroid goiter.

Question 38

Which of the following is true regarding caput succedaneum?

A)It is a subperiosteal collection of blood.
B)It is firm and its edges are well defined.
C)It develops several days after delivery.
D)It is seen over the presenting part of the head.
E)It is a head circumference increasing faster than expected.

Question 39

Nuchal rigidity is most commonly associated with

A)systemic lupus erythematosus.
B)meningeal irritation.
C)Down syndrome.
D)cranial nerve V damage.
E)thyroiditis.

Question 40

Coarse, dry, and brittle hair is associated with which metabolic disorder?

A)Hypothyroidism
B)Diabetes mellitus
C)Addison disease
D)Cushing syndrome
E)Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 41

The premature union of cranial sutures that involves the shape of the head without mental retardation is

A)craniosynostosis.
B)encephalocele.
C)microcephaly.
D)myxedema.
E)fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 42

Which of the following is a chronic autoimmune disorder?

A)Microcephaly
B)Hashimoto disease
C)Salivary gland tumor
D)Down syndrome
E)Hurler syndrome

Question 43

What abnormal palpable cystic mass in the neck rises from the foramen cecum at the junction of the anterior two thirds and posterior third of the tongue?

A)Branchial cleft cyst
B)Thyroglossal duct cyst
C)Lacrimal duct
D)Submandibular lymph node
E)Stensen duct

Question 44

Which of the following findings would be consistent with fetal alcohol syndrome?

A)Corneal clouding
B)Eye slanting
C)Mild ptosis
D)Symmetric bulging fontanels
E)Maxillary hypoplasia