Deck 14: Projective Personality Tests

Question 1

Use of the Kuder-Richardson formula

A) corrects for faking.
B) yields analyzable data.
C) increases estimates of reliability.
D) eliminates random variability.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The first phase of Rorschach administration is called

A) free association.
B) process monitoring.
C) inquiry.
D) initial interpretation.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Who first introduced the Rorschach to the United States?

A) Marguerite Hertz
B) J.Kerner
C) David Levy
D) Samuel Beck

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The DW response on the Rorschach is a(n)

A) animal movement.
B) human movement.
C) confabulatory response.
D) unusual detail.

Question 5

Adding information from the Rorschach to information from other sources does not improve diagnostic accuracy and may even decrease it.This indicates the lack of

A) incremental validity.
B) reliability.
C) standardized scoring.
D) relevance.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a scoring category of the Rorschach?

A) location
B) content
C) inquiry
D) form quality

Question 7

The characteristic of an inkblot that leads a subject to see a particular form is called

A) the determinant.
B) a pure form response.
C) an inquiry.
D) confabulation.

Question 8

The Dd response refers to

A) an unusual detail.
B) a divided response.
C) a double response.
D) animal content.

Question 9

Exner's 2007 revision of the Rorschach

A) included new non-patient norms.
B) argued that the original test was not reliable.
C) identifies few individuals as having psychopathology,including those who actually have psychopathology.
D) linked the Rorschach with other projective techniques.

Question 10

Which of the following is true of the Rorschach?

A) It was treated with suspicion from the beginning.
B) It is the most widely used psychological test.
C) Recent scoring revisions have eliminated the most serious objections.
D) It has finally become a widely accepted method in psychology.

Question 11

Early demonstrations of the Rorschach included validation by

A) reviews by content-area experts familiar with the underlying constructs.
B) performance of individuals who analyzed the responses of individuals they had never met,making a diagnosis,and validating the diagnosis against other data sources.
C) large-scale field work that involved thousands of individuals tested by hundreds of administrators whose skill levels varied.
D) standard psychometric methods that yielded surprisingly high validity.

Question 12

Form quality is a scoring dimension that refers to

A) where the perception was seen.
B) what determined the response.
C) the extent to which the response matched the stimulus qualities of the inkblot.
D) what the perception was.

Question 13

The two phases of Rorschach administration are called

A) phase I and phase II.
B) free response and determinant.
C) free association and inquiry.
D) associational and inquiry.

Question 14

What are the content types of the Rorschach?

A) positive and negative
B) human,animal,and nature
C) nature and nurture
D) reality-based and fantasy-based

Question 15

The determinant types of the Rorschach are

A) form,movement,color,and shading
B) whole,common detail,and unusual detail
C) excellent matching,average matching,and poor matching
D) location,form quality,and content

Question 16

The Barnum effect is found when

A) statements that fits most of the case inflates validity.
B) ambiguous responses are subjectively evaluated.
C) participants who lack pathology are diagnosed as having pathology.
D) a scale is not standardized.

Question 17

Which individual played a major role in the use and investigation of Rorschach?

A) Murray
B) Klopfer
C) Rogers
D) Barnum

Question 18

The relative proportion of W,D,and Dd location choices varies as a function of

A) maturation.
B) degree of psychological disturbance.
C) degree of psychological well-being.
D) defensiveness.

Question 19

Qualitative interpretation of the Rorschach is useful in

A) estimating the skills of the administrator.
B) specifying reliability.
C) differentiating between normal and disordered conditions.
D) determining whether the individual taking the test understands the instructions.

Question 20

The most controversial and misunderstood psychological tests are

A) group tests.
B) achievement tests.
C) objective personality tests.
D) projective personality tests.

Question 21

Compared to the Rorschach,standardization of administration and scoring of the TAT

A) is clearly better.
B) is about the same.
C) is clearly worse.
D) is inconsistent.

Question 22

Supportive evidence in favor of the Holtzman Inkblot Test

A) is highly objective.
B) is based on quantitative features.
C) appears to depend on examiner skill.
D) depends on formal interpretive standards.

Question 23

Scoring of content on the Rorschach

A) is impossible.
B) is extremely difficult.
C) cannot be done reliably.
D) is a relatively simple matter.

Question 24

Most researchers today feel that the Comprehensive System for scoring

A) is an effective improvement to the Rorschach.
B) has failed to remedy the problems associated with the Rorschach.
C) still has a ways to go but at least provides adequate norms.
D) makes improvements that allow the test to be used in forensic settings.

Question 25

In order to remedy problems identified in the Rorschach,Exner developed

A) the concept of determinants.
B) highly structured administration protocols.
C) the Comprehensive System for scoring.
D) revised stimuli.

Question 26

Exner's attempts to provide adequate norms for the Rorschach have largely failed because

A) he miscalculated to actual number of people in the norming group.
B) his sample came from relatives of psychiatric patients.
C) his sample did not use both males and females.
D) only educated people from upper income levels were used.

Question 27

The Comprehensive System for scoring the Rorschach was developed by

A) Levy.
B) Beck.
C) Hertz.
D) Exner.

Question 28

The ____ has been suggested as a possible alternative to split-half reliability for the Thematic Apperception Test.

A) coefficient alpha
B) test-retest
C) difference score
D) Kuder-Richardson

Question 29

The psychometric properties of the Rorschach have been difficult to evaluate because

A) the Rorschach is difficult to administer.
B) there is no universally accepted method of administration.
C) responses can only be subjectively evaluated.
D) the Rorschach has no clinical utility.

Question 30

Early proponents of the Rorschach gave impressive demonstrations that seemed to support the reliability of the test.These demonstrations

A) are unquestionable evidence of the effectiveness of the Rorschach.
B) have been labeled as the result of the Barnum effect.
C) depended on the evaluator giving one specific analysis.
D) were undoubtedly given before the analyst knew anything about the patient.

Question 31

Gamble (1972)reviewed the literature on the Holtzman and concluded that the

A) Holtzman is clearly superior to the Rorschach.
B) Holtzman is clearly inferior to the Rorschach.
C) Holtzman and Rorschach are about equally sound.
D) data are insufficient and it should not be considered any more useful than the Rorschach.

Question 32

Sines found that for assessment,the addition of the Rorschach resulted in

A) less accurate findings.
B) more accurate findings.
C) findings that did not change.
D) increases in incremental validity.

Question 33

According to the text,Rorschach "virtuosos"

A) performed significantly better in controlled studies than in clinical settings.
B) were actually no better than chance in their clinical assessments.
C) performed no better than chance when tested in controlled studies.
D) never actually had their expertise statistically analyzed.

Question 34

The Rorschach tends to ____ emotionally disturbed individuals.

A) accurately identify
B) underestimate the number of
C) overestimate adults but not children as
D) identify over half of normal subjects as

Question 35

The Holtzman Test

A) is an alternative to the Rorschach.
B) is an alternative to the TAT.
C) has proven to be more useful than the Rorschach in clinical settings.
D) has proven to be more useful than the alternatives to the traditional procedures.

Question 36

Compared to the Rorschach,the TAT is

A) more structured and more ambiguous.
B) more structured and less ambiguous.
C) less structured and more ambiguous.
D) less structured and less ambiguous.

Question 37

The work of which theorist underlies the Thematic Apperception Test?

A) Beck
B) Murray
C) Freud
D) Jung

Question 38

Which of the following is a criticism of the Rorschach?

A) lack of universally accepted scoring procedures
B) unstable results over time
C) no empirical base
D) more than one of these

Question 39

If an individual taking the Rorschach said,"It looked like one;here are the feet,head,tail,and wings," the determinant would be

A) content.
B) location.
C) form.
D) popular.

Question 40

The main difficulty with the Holtzman Inkblot Test is

A) cumbersome administration.
B) questionable validity.
C) lack of an alternative form.
D) lack of normative data.

Question 41

Which test was developed specifically for use with Latino and Latina children?

A) TAT
B) TEMAS
C) CAT
D) SM TAT

Question 42

Almost all TAT methods of interpretation take into account

A) hero,needs,and thought content.
B) overt behavior,press,and themes.
C) press,needs,and outcomes.
D) fantasies,press,and themes.

Question 43

One of the most valid figure drawing tests is the

A) Draw-a-Person Test.
B) House-Tree-Person Test.
C) Kinetic Family Drawing Test.
D) Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test.

Question 44

On the Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank,

A) short,humorous sentences generally receive the highest scores.
B) humor tends to lower scores.
C) long,complex sentences generally receive higher scores.
D) short,humorous sentences generally receive lower scores.

Question 45

Supporters of the TAT

A) have noted the test's high split-half reliability coefficients.
B) have argued that internal consistency cannot be determined.
C) do not consider split-half methods appropriate for the TAT.
D) do not think that reliability is important for the TAT.

Question 46

Word association tests were first used on a clinical basis by

A) Jung.
B) Murray.
C) Rorschach.
D) Lindzey.

Question 47

Among projective tests that overinterpret data without sufficient empirical foundation,the worst offenders are

A) thematic apperception tests.
B) inkblots.
C) projective drawing tests.
D) word completion tasks.

Question 48

Lindzey's 10 assumptions apply primarily to

A) the TAT.
B) the Rorschach.
C) the Holtzman.
D) the MMPI.

Question 49

Initial reviews of the Incomplete Sentences task by Lanyon and Lanyon have

A) indicated poor reliability.
B) shown very little to recommend the test.
C) been positive and encouraging.
D) indicate low validity.

Question 50

TAT interpretation relies most heavily upon

A) elaborate,complex scoring systems.
B) quantitative methods.
C) qualitative methods.
D) computer scoring.

Question 51

Discuss the concept of the projective hypothesis and explore examples of projection in situations other than formal psychological testing.

Question 52

One problem with word association techniques is that

A) scoring systems are generally subjective.
B) no norms exist.
C) interpretation is objective.
D) they do not adequately predict clinical syndromes.

Question 53

In TAT interpretation,the environmental forces that interfere with or facilitate the satisfaction of various needs are called

A) press.
B) external stimuli.
C) themes.
D) determiners.

Question 54

Which test provides more rigorous scoring procedures while preserving many of the advantages associated with thematic apperception?

A) Word Association Test
B) Southern Mississippi-TAT
C) Draw-a-Man Test
D) Incomplete Sentences Task

Question 55

Word association tests can be traced back to

A) Kerner.
B) Galton.
C) Cattell.
D) Guilford.

Question 56

An analysis of existing results concerning the reliability of the TAT indicates that when specific variables such as the need for achievement are studied,

A) respectably high reliability figures are found.
B) low reliability figures are found.
C) modestly positive reliability figures are found.
D) inconclusive results are found.

Question 57

Compared to the Rorschach,the TAT has ____ interpretive and scoring systems.

A) more
B) about as many
C) fewer
D) far fewer

Question 58

Validity studies of the TAT suggest that

A) validity of the TAT depends on high test-retest reliability.
B) validity of the TAT depends on high split-half reliability.
C) there is content-related validity.
D) validity of the TAT does not depend on split-half reliability.

Question 59

Despite findings that indicate it is perhaps the most psychometrically sound projective test,the ____ is rarely used in clinical settings.

A) Draw-A Person Test
B) Children's Apperception Test
C) Washington University Sentence Completion Test
D) Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank

Question 60

The CAT was designed

A) to be used with Latino(a)children.
B) for use with the elderly.
C) for use with children 3-10 years old.
D) to be used with urban populations.

Question 61

Identify and discuss the use of three nonpictorial projective tests.Compare their methods,uses,reliability,and validity to those of the Rorschach.

Question 62

The issue of projective test usage creates strong debate among professionals.Take a position,pro or con,and defend that position using the information in the text.