Deck 10: Intelligence

Question 1

Which ability might BEST measure intelligence?

A)classifying art from different periods
B)distinguishing positive from negative reinforcement
C)identifying an option on a multiple-choice exam as incorrect based on the fact that the longest option is rarely the correct one
D)detecting a common relational theme among word pairs

Answer 1

detecting a common relational theme among word pairs

Question 2

The creators of the first intelligence tests were:

A)Henry Goddard and Louis Thurstone.
B)Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.
C)Theodore Simon and Charles Spearman.
D)Louis Thurstone and Leland Stanford.

Answer 2

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.

Question 3

Suzie displays the mental ability typical of a 6-year-old child.Which statement is necessarily TRUE?

A)Suzie's physical age is at least 6.
B)Suzie's mental age is 6.
C)Suzie's mental age can be calculated by subtracting 6 from her physical age.
D)Suzie's mental age can be calculated by dividing her physical age by 6.

Answer 3

Suzie's mental age is 6.

Question 4

Intelligence tests given in the 1920s that supposedly were designed to identify if certain immigrant groups were "feebleminded" led the United States to pass laws restricting immigration from:

A)Northern Europe.
B)Australia and New Zealand.
C)the Middle East.
D)Southern and Eastern Europe.

Question 5

Joey is 10 years old.His score on an intelligence test is the same as that of an 8-year-old.We can conclude that Joey:

A)is intellectually gifted.
B)is intellectually average.
C)may need remedial education.
D)is likely very creative.

Question 6

Intelligence does NOT involve:

A)solving new problems.
B)abstract reasoning.
C)book learning.
D)learning from experience.

Question 7

Which ability MOST involves intelligence?

A)learning how to play the guitar by watching videos on the Internet
B)reciting the definition of an octave
C)playing the "A" chord repeatedly without error
D)memorizing the notes to the beginning of a Nirvana riff

Question 8

Molly,age 12,earns straight A's in history,science,math,English,and geography.Her grades in these classes measure Molly's:

A)aptitude.
B)achievement.
C)natural intelligence.
D)mental age.

Question 9

Which measure of intelligence is the LEAST valid?

A)how quickly one can learn a new skill
B)the ability to solve a novel problem
C)the ability to comprehend complex ideas
D)the ability to recall the Canadian prime ministers in order

Question 10

Binet and Simon designed their intelligence test to measure a child's:

A)aptitude for learning.
B)prior educational achievement.
C)future job performance.
D)creativity.

Question 11

Which term did Binet and Simon use when referring to an aptitude for learning?

A)academic achievement
B)specific intelligence
C)natural intelligence
D)general intelligence

Question 12

The ability to use one's mind to solve novel problems and learn from experience is termed:

A)education.
B)intelligence.
C)learning.
D)creativity.

Question 13

Participants are shown a series of blinking lights: red,green,white,and light blue.The stimuli blink seemingly at random,but there is a pattern.Participants are asked questions about the lights during the task.Which ability reveals the LEAST about intelligence?

A)labelling the light blue stimulus as periwinkle
B)recognizing that there is a pattern
C)recognizing very quickly that there is a pattern
D)predicting the next light stimulus

Question 14

Henry Goddard developed intelligence tests with the purpose of:

A)reforming the educational system.
B)restricting immigration.
C)identifying genius.
D)classifying its different types.

Question 15

People with Williams syndrome often cannot tie their own shoes,make their beds,or perform simple arithmetic,but frequently,they have great talent in the area of music or language.This illustrates the complexities in developing a definition of:

A)education.
B)intelligence.
C)learning.
D)genetics.

Question 16

The psychologist _____ argued that persons who scored low on the intelligence test he developed should not be allowed to procreate.

A)Henry Goddard
B)Alfred Binet
C)Louis Thurstone
D)Theodore Simon

Question 17

Who FIRST proposed dividing mental age by physical age to obtain an intelligence quotient?

A)Henry Goddard
B)Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon
C)William Stern
D)Charles Spearman

Question 18

The first intelligence tests were developed as part of education reforms in:

A)England.
B)the United States.
C)France.
D)Germany.

Question 19

Which measure of intelligence is the LEAST valid?

A)the time it takes one to learn how to solve an Edgar Allan Poe themed jigsaw puzzle
B)the ability to accurately predict the ending of an Edgar Allan Poe mystery
C)the ability to recognize that a portrait is of Edgar Allan Poe
D)the ability to read and understand abstract themes in Edgar Allan Poe's writings

Question 20

The first intelligence test was developed in order to:

A)identify the brightest children so that they could be given enriched instruction.
B)identify children who needed remedial education.
C)identify children who were of average intelligence.
D)free teachers from making subjective assessments of children's intelligence.

Question 21

The correlation between a person's score on a standard intelligence test and his or her academic performance is roughly _____ across a wide range of people and situations.

A)r = .3
B)r = .5
C)r = .7
D)r = .9

Question 22

Isabel is 3 years old.Her mental age is 5.What is her ratio IQ?

A)60
B)100
C)120
D)167

Question 23

The ratio IQ is calculated by the formula:

A)mental age/chronological age × 100.
B)chronological age - mental age × 100.
C)chronological age/mental age × 100.
D)mental age - chronological age × 100.

Question 24

There is a _____ between the mean IQ of a nation and average ratings of national happiness.

A)positive correlation
B)negative correlation
C)cause-and-effect relationship
D)equal standard deviation

Question 25

Which problem would NOT appear on the WAIS?

A)How is a cucumber similar to a carrot?
B)Write the word zucchini.
C)If a farmer has 13 rows of carrot plants with 11 carrot plants in each row,how many carrot plants does the farmer have?
D)Name some reasons why it is beneficial to eat vegetables.

Question 26

The main reason why intelligent people earn much more money that do those with less intelligence is that they:

A)get more education.
B)are more impatient.
C)are poor at calculating risk.
D)tend not to marry.

Question 27

Modern researchers compute the _____ IQ for children and the _____ IQ for adults.

A)ratio;ratio
B)deviation;ratio
C)ratio;deviation
D)deviation;deviation

Question 28

Recent research suggests the fact that life expectancy _____ with increases in intelligence perhaps is due to the positive association between intelligence and _____.

A)increases;reproductive health
B)increases;wealth
C)decreases;drug and alcohol use
D)decreases;exercising

Question 29

Highly intelligent people _____ than those who are less intelligent.

A)exhibit more social deficits
B)are better looking
C)use more illegal drugs
D)live longer

Question 30

Harry is 10 years old.His mental age is 8.What is his ratio IQ?

A)20
B)80
C)120
D)125

Question 31

Intelligence is NOT positively correlated with:

A)academic performance.
B)the number of years of education an individual will receive.
C)drug and alcohol use.
D)a person's later occupational status.

Question 32

Which statement about siblings with significantly different IQs is TRUE?

A)The less intelligent sibling will earn approximately half the income as the more intelligent sibling.
B)Despite differing in intelligence,the siblings will receive approximately the same number of years of education.
C)Despite differing in intelligence,siblings will earn approximately the same income.
D)The less intelligent sibling will tend to have a faster reaction time on basic tasks than will the more intelligent sibling.

Question 33

The deviation IQ is a statistic obtained by:

A)subtracting a person's test score from the average score of people in the same age group and multiplying the result by 100.
B)adding a person's test score to the average score of people in the same age group and then subtracting 100.
C)dividing a person's test score by the average test score of people in the same age group and multiplying the result by 100.
D)dividing the average test score of people in a given age group by the score of an individual in that age group and multiplying the result by 100.

Question 34

As the mean IQ of a nation increases,the mean level of national happiness:

A)decreases.
B)increases.
C)remains unchanged,but the standard deviation in happiness decreases.
D)remains unchanged,but the standard deviation in happiness increases.

Question 35

The psychologist most noted for his contributions to the WAIS intelligence test is:

A)Lewis Terman.
B)Henry Goddard.
C)David Wechsler.
D)William Stern.

Question 36

The psychologist most noted for his contributions to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test is:

A)Lewis Terman.
B)Henry Goddard.
C)David Wechsler.
D)William Stern.

Question 37

Geri is 7 years old and has a mental age of 7.What is her ratio IQ?

A)7
B)70
C)100
D)170

Question 38

For hiring employees without previous experience in the field,the MOST valid predictor of future success in the job is:

A)past job experience,even if it is unrelated.
B)performance during a job interview.
C)grades in high school.
D)general mental ability.

Question 39

Which test is NOT on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (WAIS-IV)?

A)Verbal Comprehension Test
B)Novelty Seeking Test
C)Working Memory Test
D)Perceptual Reasoning Test

Question 40

Which test is NOT on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (WAIS-IV)?

A)Essay Writing Test
B)Verbal Comprehension Test
C)Working Memory Test
D)Perceptual Reasoning Test

Question 41

The ability to understand words and sentences corresponds to the primary mental ability of:

A)intelligence.
B)word fluency.
C)verbal comprehension.
D)reasoning.

Question 42

Country A has a higher mean IQ than does country B.Based on previous research,country A probably has _____ levels of happiness than does country B and a _____ standard deviation among happiness scores.

A)lower;smaller
B)lower;larger
C)higher;smaller
D)higher;larger

Question 43

Charles Spearman's research revealed that,while different measures were positively correlated,they were _____ perfectly correlated.

A)sometimes
B)always
C)usually
D)not

Question 44

According to Thurstone's theory,the primary mental abilities:

A)correspond to Spearman's g.
B)correspond to Spearman's s.
C)are the result of Spearman's g multiplied by Spearman's s.
D)are not analogous to Spearman's g or s.

Question 45

Danielle competes successfully at local math competitions for her middle school.The two-factor theory of intelligence predicts that Danielle probably:

A)could learn how to play a musical instrument without too much struggle.
B)would struggle to learn a foreign language.
C)has little interest in poetry.
D)has a lower g score than she does an s score.

Question 46

Who developed the two-factor theory of intelligence?

A)Louis Thurstone
B)Alfred Binet
C)Charles Spearman
D)John Carroll

Question 47

In the three-level hierarchy of mental ability,group factors are:

A)middle-level abilities similar to Thurstone's primary mental abilities.
B)top-level factors similar to Spearman's g.
C)middle-level abilities similar to Spearman's s.
D)third-level factors similar to Thurstone's primary mental abilities.

Question 48

The theory that every task requires the combination of a general ability and skills that are specific to the task is known as the _____ theory of intelligence.

A)general-specific
B)two-factor
C)factor analytic
D)g-factor

Question 49

Which statement about the three-level hierarchy of intelligence is TRUE?

A)The three-level hierarchy of intelligence is a radical view proposed by a small group of psychologists.
B)The three-level hierarchy of intelligence is favoured by psychologists who take a data-based approach and opposed by those who take a theory-based approach.
C)The three-level hierarchy of intelligence is favoured by psychologists who take a theory-based approach and opposed by those who take a data-based approach.
D)The three-level hierarchy of intelligence is widely supported by studies done over the past 60 years.

Question 50

The two-factor theory of intelligence predicts a _____ correlation between solving algebra problems and identifying musical notes.

A)perfect positive
B)positive
C)perfect negative
D)negative

Question 51

The debate between Louis Thurstone and Charles Spearman raged for many years until a technique called _____ revealed that each researcher's theory was partially correct.

A)analysis of variance
B)multiple regression
C)fluid intelligence
D)confirmatory factor analysis

Question 52

Janine is an avid reader and has a high comprehension of even difficult texts.Thurstone would predict that Janine:

A)is a visual learner.
B)is proficient at solving numerical problems.
C)speaks well.
D)is good at rotating three-dimensional objects in her mind.

Question 53

_____ believed that intelligence is a single general ability,whereas _____ believed that people do not have a single general ability called intelligence,but instead have several primary mental abilities.

A)Charles Spearman;Louis Thurstone
B)Alfred Benet;John Carroll
C)Lewis Terman;Alfred Binet
D)Louis Thurstone;William Stern

Question 54

In the three-level hierarchy of intelligence tests,_____ factor(s)is/are at the top,_____ factor(s)is/are in the middle,and _____ factor(s)is/are at the bottom.

A)a general;specific;group
B)specific;group;a general
C)group;a general;specific
D)a general;group;specific

Question 55

Sophia competes successfully at local spelling bees.The two-factor theory of intelligence predicts that Sophia:

A)is an expert musician.
B)enjoys chess.
C)does well in her algebra class.
D)receives lower-than-average grades in biology class.

Question 56

_____ termed general intellectual ability as _____.

A)Spearman;g
B)Spearman;s
C)Thurstone;s
D)Thurstone;m

Question 57

To find out if intelligence was a single general ability,Charles Spearman measured how well school-age children could discriminate small differences in colour,auditory pitch,and weight;subsequently,he correlated these scores with the children's:

A)ratio IQ.
B)deviation IQ.
C)academic performance.
D)musical performance.

Question 58

Boris performs at an above-average level on a task that requires him to rotate a three-dimensional object in his mind and describe what it looks like from different angles.Thurstone would predict that Boris:

A)can quickly memorize pairs of unrelated words.
B)is proficient at solving numerical problems.
C)solves logically problems quickly.
D)is good at navigating with a map.

Question 59

Louis Thurstone disagreed with Charles Spearman,instead believing that there are a few stable and independent mental abilities,NOT including _____ ability.

A)perceptual
B)general
C)verbal
D)numerical

Question 60

_____ termed abilities specific to a test as _____.

A)Spearman;a
B)Spearman;s
C)Thurstone;a
D)Thurstone;s

Question 61

Raven's Progressive Matrices Test can be used to assess _____ intelligence.

A)emotional
B)fluid
C)crystallized
D)practical

Question 62

In the three-level hierarchy of mental ability,specific factors are:

A)middle-level abilities similar to Thurstone's primary mental abilities.
B)top-level factors similar to Spearman's g.
C)top-level factors similar to Thurstone's primary mental abilities.
D)third-level factors similar to Spearman's s.

Question 63

Bill is shown a group of four words and asked to quickly identify which word does not belong with the rest of the group.This test requires _____ intelligence.

A)crystallized
B)creative
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 64

If we think of the brain as a machine that uses old information to produce new information,then _____ intelligence refers to the way the machine runs,and _____ intelligence refers to the information it uses and produces.

A)fluid;crystallized
B)crystallized;practical
C)creative;fluid
D)practical;creative

Question 65

Cognitive speediness is BEST classified as what kind of ability?

A)general
B)middle-level
C)specific
D)fluid intelligence

Question 66

Which statement regarding the number of middle-level mental abilities is TRUE?

A)Psychologists are in general agreement that there are three middle-level abilities.
B)Psychologists are in general agreement that there are five middle-level abilities.
C)Psychologists are in general agreement that there are eight middle-level abilities.
D)Psychologists are not in general agreement as to the number of middle-level abilities.

Question 67

John Carroll's list of middle-level abilities does NOT include:

A)memory and learning.
B)visual perception.
C)spatial recognition.
D)retrieval ability.

Question 68

Leila takes a test where she is shown a number of seemingly random shapes and asked to determine if a pattern exists under time pressure.This test requires _____ intelligence.

A)crystallized
B)creative
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 69

Research on the link between autism and intelligence has shown that autism negatively affects:

A)fluid intelligence more than it does crystallized intelligence.
B)crystallized intelligence more than it does fluid intelligence.
C)fluid and crystallized intelligence equally.
D)fluid intelligence but enhances crystallized intelligence.

Question 70

Ray takes a history test where he has to describe the various causes of World War I.This test requires _____ intelligence.

A)crystallized
B)creative
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 71

Deshawn takes an English test where he has to provide the definitions of vocabulary words.This test requires _____ intelligence.

A)crystallized
B)creative
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 72

_____ intelligence is the ability to see abstract relationships and draw logical inferences.

A)General
B)Practical
C)Crystallized
D)Fluid

Question 73

A _____ approach to describing middle-level abilities starts with peoples' responses on intelligence tests and then looks to see what kinds of independent clusters these responses form.

A)theory-based
B)data-based
C)deviation-based
D)top-down

Question 74

People are tested on the following: staying balanced on a unicycle,understanding Shakespeare,juggling balls,solving algebraic problems,writing an essay on a controversial topic,counting backward by 7 out loud,comprehending vocabulary,balancing a checkbook,and completing an obstacle course.MOST likely,the patterns of correlation among these tests would yield _____ middle-level abilities.

A)two
B)three
C)five
D)nine

Question 75

John Carroll analyzed intelligence test scores from nearly 500 studies and defined _____ independent middle-level abilities.

A)8
B)10
C)12
D)15

Question 76

In the three-level hierarchy of mental ability,the general factor is analogous to:

A)Thurstone's primary mental abilities.
B)Spearman's g.
C)Spearman's s.
D)Carroll's crystallized intelligence.

Question 77

Wendy is a first-year law student who excels at making complex legal arguments.Wendy probably scores the HIGHEST in which middle-level ability?

A)visual perception
B)memory
C)reasoning
D)verbal skill

Question 78

Sophia excels at solving crossword puzzles.Within the context of the three-level hierarchy of mental ability,Sophia probably scores the HIGHEST in which middle-level ability?

A)visual perception
B)memory
C)reasoning
D)verbal skill

Question 79

A _____ approach to describing middle-level abilities starts with a broad survey of human abilities and then looks to see which of these abilities intelligence tests measure or fail to measure.

A)theory-based
B)data-based
C)g-factor-based
D)bottom-up

Question 80

_____ introduced the terms fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.

A)James Flynn
B)Louis Thurstone
C)John Carroll
D)Robert Sternberg