Deck 16: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Renee is a social worker in an urban community mental health center.She has just seen a new client who has depression,which she codes on

A) Axis I.
B) Axis II.
C) Axis III.
D) Axis IV.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The metal band Metallica's song "Fade to Black" includes lyrics like "No one but me can save myself,but it's too late/Now I can't think,think why I should even try/Yesterday seems as though it never existed/Death greets me warm,now I will just say good-bye." This song was written during one of the band's lowest periods and appears to be about

A) dissociation.
B) schizophrenia.
C) suicide.
D) delusions.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

If approximately one in every five people in North America suffers with a diagnosable mental illness at any given time,Violet wonders why more people in ages past did not have problems with mental illness.She researches the question and learns that the stressors of modern life are triggering more individuals' vulnerabilities to particular disorders.Though previous generations had many of the same vulnerability factors,the stressors were not great enough to create as much mental illness as researchers see today.This is referred to as the

A) incubus model.
B) vulnerability-stress model.
C) trephination model.
D) neue-abnormality model.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Thirty-year-old Armand feels compelled to save objects that others might throw away.He is afraid that he will discard something he later will need,so his home is filled with old newspapers,empty boxes,worn-out clothing,antiquated computer equipment,and even the seeds from the fruits and vegetables he has eaten.Armand's neighbours have complained to the homeowners' association,because he has been forced to store some things outside his home.He is embarrassed by his need to hoard objects but is overcome by dread if he tries to throw things away.The criteria that govern decisions about abnormality are applicable in this case because

A) Armand's behaviour deviates from the norm and is distressing for him.
B) Armand's behaviour has drawn the attention of other people.
C) hoarding behaviour is normal through adolescence but should disappear by the time the person is in his early- to mid-twenties.
D) the fact that he saves seeds suggests that Armand is paranoid-he clearly believes he will have to plant his own garden and grow his own food after some type of disaster strikes.

Question 5

Lucas is accused of attacking and killing another man following an altercation at the side of the road.His attorney argues that Lucas cannot be tried for the crime because he is currently _____________ and cannot understand the nature of the charges against him.

A) distraught
B) mentally sane
C) incompetent
D) insane

Question 6

If approximately one in every five people in North America suffers with a diagnosable mental illness at any given time,Violet wonders why more people in ages past did not have problems with mental illness.She researches the question and learns that

A) mental illness rarely afflicted famous historical people,so it was rarely noted in the history books.
B) mental illness was very rarely a problem until the industrial age,and scientists suspect that pollution has contributed to the rising statistics.
C) mental illness rarely afflicted famous historical people and it was very rarely a problem until the industrial age.
D) many historical people did in fact suffer with mental illness during their lifetimes.

Question 7

Renee is a social worker in an urban community mental health center.After she sees a new client,she usually knows which diagnosis to give,but she still has to look up the exact diagnostic code in the

A) DSM-V.
B) ICD-9-CM.
C) MMPI-2.
D) WAIS-III.

Question 8

Most of the people in Fred's class think he's a little odd.Sometimes he interrupts the professor to talk about tangential,off-topic philosophical ideas like the unfairness of the system as it relates to drug legalization and the oppression of artists.If he has a personality disorder,it is most likely to be

A) antisocial personality disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
C) schizotypal personality disorder
D) borderline personality disorder

Question 9

Mireille began having brief episodes of overwhelming anxiety about a year ago.At first she got them only in busy places like shopping malls and crowded restaurants,but in the past few months she has begun having them while walking to work or even while performing her job duties.She has called in sick every day for the past week,afraid that if she leaves her home she will have another episode and be unable to escape to a safe place.The criteria that govern decisions about abnormality are applicable in this case because Mireille's behaviour

A) is interfering with her ability to work.
B) is distressing for her.
C) deviates from the norm.
D) All of the options support a decision about abnormality.

Question 10

A medieval man,Irascible,believes that Farmer Spruce,who lives down the road,made a pact with the devil to kill Irascible's crops and animals.Farmer Spruce is an unusually handsome man,and Irascible believes that his wife has been sneaking down to Farmer Spruce's house when Irascible has to go into town for supplies.Citing Farmer Spruce's attractiveness among his "evidence" that Spruce has made a deal with the devil,Irascible accuses him of witchcraft.The town elders arrest Farmer Spruce so they can learn if he is indeed working with the forces of darkness.The model of abnormality being used here is the

A) demonological model.
B) incubus model.
C) inquisition model.
D) Malleus Maleficarum.

Question 11

Mireille began having brief episodes of overwhelming anxiety about a year ago.She doesn't know what causes them,but she has had them in the grocery store,at busy restaurants,and once while driving.Her heart pounds,she has difficulty in breathing,and sometimes she feels like her body no longer belongs to her.She is afraid she will go crazy and embarrass herself in front of other people.Based on this information,Mireille may have

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) a somatoform disorder.
C) a dissociative disorder.
D) a panic disorder.

Question 12

In movies that focus on war (e.g. ,Born on the Fourth of July,Apocalypse Now,First Blood),soldiers who have returned from the front lines often struggle with overwhelming anxiety,hypervigilance,depression,and flashbacks.In many cases these characters abuse alcohol,are suicidal,and have a strained or angry relationship with their spouses.These characters demonstrate symptoms of:

A) dementia.
B) post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
C) dysthymia.
D) dissociative identity disorder (DID).

Question 13

Eeyore,the despondent,downcast donkey in A.A.Milne's Winnie the Pooh,is chronically morose but not so sad he can't function.For example,when Pooh says,"Good morning,Eeyore," Eeyore gloomily replies,"Good morning,Pooh Bear,if it is a good morning,which I doubt." Eeyore may have

A) dysthymia.
B) a conversion disorder.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) an antisocial personality disorder.

Question 14

An ancestral woman named Afflicted has been hearing voices telling her that a woman in her tribe is trying to poison her and her children,so she attacks the other woman with a sharp stone.The tribe's healer says that an evil spirit,which is trying to escape Afflicted's body,is what's causing her strange behaviour.The healer explains that he must chisel a hole in Afflicted's skull to let it out.This procedure is called

A) requiem.
B) the Hole in the Head Approach (HITHA).
C) trephination.
D) Malleus Maleficarum.

Question 15

Scott was tried for and convicted of murdering his wife.He showed little emotion during his trial.Though he was tearful in some interviews just after she disappeared,given his apparent lack of remorse the tears may have been an attempt to manipulate people into believing he was not involved.Scott demonstrates characteristics of someone with a personality disorder,which is coded on

A) Axis I.
B) Axis II.
C) Axis III.
D) Axis IV.

Question 16

Jason is extremely uncomfortable when he has to confront someone.He is afraid that if he does stand up for his beliefs,people will point to his inadequacies and reject him.As a consequence,he rarely expresses his true feelings or beliefs and,instead,simply goes along with whatever the strongest willed person is doing or saying.He also tends to blame other people when things go wrong because in his experience he has been doing his best to avoid any conflict.If Jason has a personality disorder,it is most likely

A) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
B) narcissistic personality disorder
C) avoidant personality disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 17

Tina has been hyperactive for the past week,buying things she can't afford and painting dozens of pictures.Her thoughts seem to be racing out of control and she is convinced that she is going to be the next Jackson Pollock,even though she has never painted before this week.She has also started a major renovation project at home,and since she's hardly sleeping she's keeping her neighbours awake with all her pounding and sawing.Tina's symptoms suggest that she

A) has dysthymia.
B) is currently experiencing a manic episode.
C) is developing a somatic disorder.
D) has a personality disorder.

Question 18

Killian lets her husband keep all the financial records for the family and refuses to make any decisions on her own.She is so needy that if she encounters even a minor unexpected problem during her day,she calls him at work to ask his advice.This behaviour cuts across all situations,causes problems in her relationships with other people,and seems to be Killian's only real approach to dealing with the world.Killian may have

A) a major depressive disorder.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) a conversion disorder.
D) a personality disorder.

Question 19

Thirty-year-old Armand feels compelled to save objects that others might throw away.He is afraid that he will discard something he later will need,so his home is filled with old newspapers,empty boxes,worn-out clothing,antiquated computer equipment,and even the seeds from the fruits and vegetables he has eaten.Armand's neighbours have complained to the homeowners' association,because he has been forced to store some things outside his home.He is embarrassed by his need to hoard objects but is overcome by dread if he tries to throw things away.Based on this information,Armand may have

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) bipolar disorder.
C) learned helplessness.
D) schizophrenia.

Question 20

Tyson is uncomfortable when he isn't the center of attention.Those who know him say he acts like he's 'on stage' all the time.When his friends are enjoying his antics,he's happy;but when they tire of his behaviour,he becomes extremely emotional.Though he believes he has many intimate relationships,others think Tyson is shallow,capricious,and theatrical.If he has a personality disorder,it is most likely

A) narcissistic personality disorder
B) antisocial personality disorder
C) schizotypal personality disorder
D) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Question 21

Melba is incapable of making a decision on her own,even about everyday matters.She is terrified that if she disagrees with people they will abandon her,so she will not challenge anyone or stand up for herself.Lately,her close friend has been pressuring her to get some help so she will stop trying to please everyone.It is most likely that she has a

A) psychotic personality disorder
B) personality disorder
C) mood disorder
D) schizoid disorder

Question 22

Dr.Henson has been asked to assess John,who has been accused of killing most of his family and several former girlfriends.When she meets with him,he is warm and charming,speaks intelligently,and addresses the charges brought against him in a very reasonable fashion.Dr.Henson diagnoses John with an antisocial personality disorder,and since she is a psychodynamic therapist,she believes that this disorder is due to

A) neurological deficits in the parietal lobes of the brain.
B) an overabundance of dopamine in John's brain.
C) John's failure to correctly develop an id.
D) John's failure to correctly develop a superego.

Question 23

Because Brooke's relationships are filled with conflict and constant ups and downs,she has trouble keeping friends around.Many people say that they never know what to expect from her.One day she thinks you are the best friend ever,and the next day she seems to think you are the worst friend ever.There never seems to be a middle ground with her.Her mood swings and the unstable nature of her relationships with her friends,family,and co-workers have taken a toll on her.She decides that she should talk to a therapist about how to get her friends and family to be more reasonable.If she has a personality disorder,it is most likely

A) antisocial personality disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
C) borderline personality disorder
D) narcissistic personality disorder

Question 24

Rodric often gets headaches or stiffness at the back of his neck.He is convinced that this means that he has spinal meningitis or a brain tumour.He has seen several different doctors who assured him there is nothing wrong with him.His current neurologist says that although his symptoms don't sound severe enough to warrant a migraine diagnosis,he may be having mild migraines.Rodric is so concerned that he is dying that he has started staying home from work and calling family and friends at strange hours to come and take him to the hospital.Rodric may have

A) a difficult-to-diagnose form of spinal meningitis.
B) a paranoid personality disorder.
C) post-traumatic stress disorder.
D) illness anxiety disorder.

Question 25

Andy has been extremely depressed for several months.His grades have fallen from Bs to Ds,he rarely goes out anymore,and several weeks ago he told his roommate Ryan that he didn't think he wanted to go on living.Ryan had decided to seek advice and help for Andy;but Andy suddenly seemed to feel better.He cleaned their room,called his friends and family back home to tell them he loved them,and gave Ryan several pieces of his most treasured sports memorabilia as a "thank-you" for putting up with his moods.At this point,Ryan

A) should organize a party in honour of Andy's recovery.
B) should seek help immediately,because Andy's behaviour suggests that he is preparing to commit suicide.
C) can relax,because people who talk about suicide just want attention.
D) should be careful not to mention suicide around Andy so that he doesn't give Andy any ideas about killing himself.

Question 26

Jarman is heading up a project that can make or break his career.His anxiety level has been higher lately than he can ever remember it being.In this case,Jarman ________ diagnosable with an anxiety disorder,because the frequency and intensity of his anxiety is ________________.

A) is not;proportional to the perceived threat
B) is;proportional to the perceived threat
C) is not;not proportional to the perceived threat
D) is;a direct result of the perceived threat

Question 27

Professor Paragon spends at least half an hour before each class cleaning the whiteboard.Even streaks from the cleaning spray create an overwhelming tension for him,and he is preoccupied by the idea that previous markings are dirty and will contaminate his notes.Over the past month,his inability to stop washing the board has led to increasingly delayed class start times.Professor Paragon's anxious thoughts are _____________ and his repetitive behaviours are _______________.

A) obsessions;compulsions
B) due to panic disorder;due to a somatoform disorder
C) dissociations;obsessions
D) delusional;competitive

Question 28

Ethan has ideas that others think are strange,and sometimes he hears voices.In spite of all of this,the thing that interferes most with his life is that sometimes he just stops moving and stays frozen in place for long periods of time.If his housemates move his limbs,they will stay that way.Ethan has

A) disorganized schizophrenia.
B) catatonic schizophrenia.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) dissociative identity disorder.

Question 29

Dr.Henson has been asked to assess John,who has been accused of killing most of his family and several former girlfriends.His lawyer would like to enter a plea that John is not guilty by reason of insanity.Though insanity is a legal term rather than a psychological one,Dr.Henson knows that it means that the defendant

A) has hallucinations.
B) was so impaired at the time of each crime that he was unable to understand or control his actions.
C) is so traumatized by his actions that he is currently incapable of standing trial.
D) does not have a conscience and cannot be held responsible for his crimes.

Question 30

Walter's graduate program is extremely demanding,he has been arguing with his girlfriend,and he is struggling financially.He juggles his utility bills to avoid having anything disconnected,but he never answers the phone,because so many collectors call.Because he has such a small stipend,he is forced to live in a noisy,crime-ridden neighbourhood.As finals approach,Walter finally decides he needs to see a therapist.Though he can't pinpoint any single cause,he knows that he constantly feels restless,edgy,and irritable.He is having trouble concentrating in his classes and isn't sleeping well,even though he's tired all the time.The therapist will probably diagnose Walter with

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) a phobia.
D) panic disorder.

Question 31

Margie has a long-standing pattern of unstable and intense relationships and moods.She has a history of trauma and is sometimes inappropriately seductive.She abuses drugs,has threatened suicide several times,and cuts her arms with a razor blade when she feels particularly bad.She desperately tries to keep others from abandoning her,partly because she has a very unstable sense of self.If she has a personality disorder,it is most likely that she has

A) antisocial personality disorder.
B) borderline personality disorder.
C) schizoid personality disorder.
D) cynosure cluster.

Question 32

Ahmik grew up on a native American reservation in Saskatchewan,Canada,but is attending a college in the United States that has a primarily Caucasian population.Because he wanted to get the whole college experience,he is living in a dormitory on campus.An unusually heavy snowstorm hits the campus and shuts it and everything around it down for several days.On the second day,Ahmik locks himself in his room and refuses to come out,because he is afraid he is becoming a monster and might eat his friends if the roads don't open up soon so they can get more food.Everyone is confused,because they have plenty of food and see no reason Ahmik should think he is turning into a monster that eats people.Ahmik's hall monitor,who is taking an abnormal psychology class,decides he must have schizophrenia.Based on this information,is she right?

A) She could be,but because Ahmik comes from a different culture,culture-bound disorders must also be taken into consideration.
B) Yes.Talking about nonhuman and nonanimal monsters is one of the key diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.
C) No.Ahmik probably has a paranoid personality disorder.
D) No.Ahmik probably has a somatoform disorder.

Question 33

Jillian can't bear to leave her home without washing all the linens and floors,vacuuming the carpets,and organizing everything in her cupboards.Because she knows that her behaviour is extreme,she has tried to go to work without doing all these things,but she is overcome with such overwhelming dread that she never makes it all the way to the office.Jillian probably has

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) a phobia.
D) panic disorder.

Question 34

Charlotte does everything exactly three,four,or seven times.She is unable to relax at night until she has checked three times that all of her doors are locked;she also has to check that her car is in park three times,soap her hands four times,and make sure she has turned off all the appliances seven times.When she walks,she always counts her steps and must always arrive at a place at the end of one of her three "magic numbers." If she sees that she will reach a door in five more steps,she takes smaller steps so she can squeeze in seven before reaching the door.Charlotte probably has

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) a phobia.
D) panic disorder.

Question 35

Bronwen is a researcher interested in learning about the consequences of labelling people with diagnoses.She goes to a hospital claiming that all of her friends and family have been replaced by robots that look exactly like them.She is admitted to a psychiatric ward and diagnosed with a delusional disorder and possibly schizophrenia.For the duration of her stay,she acts completely normal.After one month she is released and she leaves without explaining her experiment to the hospital staff.What is most likely to happen to her diagnostic label when she leaves the hospital?

A) She will probably still have the diagnosis but may be considered "in remission."
B) The doctors at the hospital will have realized she is doing an experiment,so they will remove the diagnosis.
C) The doctors will continue to think she is very sick,but they will believe she is hiding her symptoms too well for them to keep her there.
D) The doctors at the hospital will change her diagnosis to something less severe like a mood or anxiety disorder.

Question 36

Margie has a long-standing pattern of unstable and intense relationships and moods.She has a history of trauma and is sometimes very seductive.She abuses drugs,has threatened suicide several times,and cuts her arms with a razor blade when she feels particularly bad.She desperately tries to keep others from abandoning her,partly because she has a very unstable sense of self.If she has a personality disorder,it is MOST likely

A) borderline personality disorder
B) impulsive personality disorder
C) narcissistic personality disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 37

Astrid told her coworkers that she regularly seeks advice from her dead relatives.If she fasts and meditates for three days and nights,they appear and she talks with them.Astrid's coworkers tell her that sounds strange to them,but Astrid explains that many people in her culture believe these things.Based on this information,we can say that Astrid

A) has schizophrenia-hallucinations of any kind are indicative of this disorder.
B) is probably highly suggestible to mass hysteria.
C) has a somatoform disorder.
D) is probably not diagnosable with any type of mental disorder;her beliefs are completely reasonable in her culture.

Question 38

Part of Warren's job as a master's-level intern at a crisis center is to assess suicide risk.He knows that men and women often present different symptoms when they are depressed and that with regard to suicide

A) men are twice as likely to attempt suicide,but women are more likely to succeed.
B) women are twice as likely to attempt suicide,but men are more likely to succeed.
C) completed suicide statistics are similar for men and women.
D) women are more likely than men to use guns to complete suicide.