Deck 12: Quantitative Data Analysis Part 2: Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

The most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that the average price that students are willing to pay for a meal at the University restaurant differs between Dutch,German and Chinese students is …?

A)Regression analysis.
B)Independent samples t-test.
C)Chi-square test.
D)ANOVA.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What is the most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that students who,for a certain course,attended tutorials from lecturer X are happier (measured on interval-level)than students who attended tutorials from lecturer Y and Z?

A)Regression analysis.
B)An independent samples t-test.
C)Chi-square analysis.
D)ANOVA.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Multicollinearity can be detected by a correlation matrix.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is the most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that the performance of employees depends on the reward they receive,because this reward increases their motivation (all variables are measured on a 5-point Likert scale)?

A)Multiple regression with an interaction effect.
B)Multiple regression with dummy variables.
C)Three multiple regression models so that mediation can be tested.
D)Simple regression.

Question 5

A researcher tests if the loyalty (measured on a 5-point Likert scale)of people with a loyalty card significantly differs from the loyalty of people without a loyalty card.The most appropriate technique to test this is:

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)ANOVA.
C)A paired-samples t-test.
D)A Chi-square test.

Question 6

ANOVA is used to determine if the variance between groups significantly differ from each other.

Question 7

For determining the F-ratio,the variance between groups ('between-groups mean square')is divided by the variance within groups ('within-groups mean square').

Question 8

Which of the following alternatives is possibly the dependent (or Y)variable in a study in which regression analysis is used to analyze the data?

A)Political party.
B)Gender.
C)Favorite soccer team.
D)Disposable income of the respondent.

Question 9

What is the most appropriate technique to test if having a mobile phone is related to having a fixed telephone connection?

A)ANOVA.
B)Regression analysis.
C)A Chi-square test.
D)A t-test.

Question 10

Partial mediation exists when an independent variable influences the dependent variable both directly and indirectly.

Question 11

Multiple regression analysis can only be used when variables are measured with multi-item scales.

Question 12

What is the most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that the number of Bacardi Breezers drunk by men is smaller than the number of Bacardi Breezers drunk by women?

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)A one sample t-test.
C)A paired samples t-test.
D)ANOVA.

Question 13

A Sobel-test is generally used to test moderation.

Question 14

The most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that the quality of tangible elements (measured on ratio-level)influences satisfaction on the University restaurant (measured on ration-level),but that the relationship between these variables differs between students and scientific employees is …?

A)Multiple regression analysis with an interaction-effect.
B)ANOVA.
C)Three multiple regression models so that mediation can be tested.
D)MANOVA.

Question 15

A researcher estimates his model by means of regression analysis.The significance level of his model is .0012 and the R-squared is .31.Which conclusion can the researcher draw from these data?

A)At least one of the independent variables or the constant of the model is significantly related to Y.
B)The model explains 31% of the variation in the independent variables.
C)He has a multicollinearity problem.
D)All independent variables are significantly related to Y.

Question 16

Essentially,the relations that are tested through ANOVA could also be tested through regression analysis (by dummy variables).

Question 17

A researcher wants to know if the distribution of income in his sample corresponds to the real distribution in his population (60% < the standard,40% >= above the standard).The most appropriate technique to test this is:

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)ANOVA
C)A paired-samples t-test.
D)A Chi-square test.

Question 18

The most suitable way to test if social class influences the political party for which people vote is:

A)A chi-square test.
B)A t-test.
C)ANOVA.
D)regression-analysis.

Question 19

The most appropriate technique to establish whether the average price of a Bacardi Breezer is higher than €5 is …?

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)A one sample t-test.
C)A paired samples t-test.
D)ANOVA.

Question 20

Multiple regression analysis measures the effect of an independent variable on the dependent variable,while the other independent variables are held constant.

Question 21

The VIF value is the inverse of the tolerance value.

Question 22

Whereas the (independent samples)t-test would indicate whether or not there is a significant mean difference in a dependent variable between two groups,an analysis of variance (ANOVA)helps to examine the significant mean differences among more than two groups on an interval or ratio-scaled dependent variable.

Question 23

Statistical power depends on:

A)Alpha ( $\alpha$ ),effect size,and the size of the sample.
B)Alpha ( $\alpha$ ),beta ( $\beta$ ),and the size of the sample.
C)Alpha ( $\alpha$ ),beta ( $\beta$ ),and effect size.
D)Beta ( $\beta$ ),effect size,and the size of the sample.

Question 24

A Type 2 error,also referred to as beta ( $\beta$ ),is the probability of failing to reject the null hypothesis given that the alternative hypothesis is actually true.

Question 25

Univariate statistical techniques are used when you want to examine two-variable relationships.If you,on the other hand,are interested in the relationship between many variables,such as in the Excelsior Enterprises case,multivariate statistical techniques are required.

Question 26

Statistical power or power is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis.

Question 27

A dummy variable is one that has two or more distinct levels,which are coded 0 or 1.

Question 28

A solution to multicollinearity is to collect more data.

Question 29

Multicollinearity occurs when any single independent variable is highly correlated with a set of other independent variables.

Question 30

Assume the researcher also wants to know if the average number of hours sleep (across groups)significantly differs from 7.Which test could she best use?

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)Regression analysis.
C)ANOVA.
D)A one sample t-test.

Question 31

To be able to conduct a t-test it is important:

A)That the independent as well as the dependent variable is measured on a nominal or ordinal scale.
B)That the independent variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale and the dependent variable is measured on a nominal or ordinal scale.
C)That the independent as well as the dependent variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale.
D)That the dependent variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale and the independent variable is measured on a nominal or ordinal scale.

Question 32

We have a multicollinearity problem if our VIF values are higher than 10.

Question 33

A Type 1 error,also referred to as alpha ( $\alpha$ )is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Question 34

McNemar's test is:

A)A parametric method used on nominal data.
B)Assesses the significance of the difference between two independent samples when the variable of interest is dichotomous.
C)Is used primarily in before-after studies to test for an experimental effect.
D)All of the above.

Question 35

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is:

A)a non-parametric test for examining significant differences between two related samples on a single sample.
B)a non-parametric test for examining significant differences between repeated measurements on a single sample.
C)used as an alternative for a paired samples t-test when the population cannot be assumed to be normally distributed.
D)All of the above.

Question 36

A paired samples t-test is used to examine the differences in the same group before and after a treatment.

Question 37

The statistical null hypothesis is rejected when the p-value is small enough.

Question 38

The one sample t-test is used to test the hypothesis that the mean of the population from which a sample is drawn is equal to a comparison standard.

Question 39

To be able to conduct an analysis in SPSS it is important that the independent and dependent variable(s)are measured on the right scale.Which of the following statements is correct when you want to conduct an independent samples t-test?

A)The independent and dependent variable(s)must all be measured on an interval/ratio scale.
B)The independent and dependent variable(s)must all be measured on a nominal/ordinal scale.
C)The independent variables must be measured on an interval/ratio scale,and the dependent variable must be measured on a nominal/ordinal scale.
D)None of the above statements is correct.

Question 40

A researcher want to test if a cause-effect relationships exists between someone's age and the number of hours of sleep someone needs.She measures age as follows: 0 < 20 years.
0 20 - 50 years.
0 > 50 years.
Furthermore,participants of the research can fill in the number of hours they sleep on average in a day on a dotted line.
What is the most appropriate technique to test the hypothesis that age influences the number of hours someone sleeps?

A)An independent samples t-test.
B)A paired samples t-test.
C)ANOVA.
D)Discriminant analysis.

Question 41

Multicollinearity is not a serious problem if the purpose of the study is to predict or forecast future values of the dependent variable.

Question 42

MANOVA is similar to ANOVA,with the difference that MANOVA is able to handle:

A)More than one independent variable.
B)More than one dependent variable.
C)More respondents.
D)Multicollinearity.