Deck 8: Written Language

Question 1

What form of handwriting is preferred in most general education settings because it resembles book print?

A) Mixed print
B) Manuscript
C) Cursive
D) D'Nealian

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Allowing students to be able to express themselves initially in writing without having to be concerned with spelling accuracy is a principle of:

A) invented spellings.
B) written expression.
C) discovery learning.
D) strategy training.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The general goal of the post writing process is:

A) to communicate and express oneself in written form.
B) to enable students to communicate effectively with others while achieving personal satisfaction in the process.
C) to effectively combine input, motivation and purpose and produce a piece of meaningful text.
D) revision.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which method of instruction corresponds more to the secretarial role of writing?

A) Write-teach approach
B) Strategy training
C) Process approach to writing
D) Teach-write approach

Question 5

Which method assists students in building paragraphs?

A) COPS
B) Copy-Cover-Compare
C) REVISE
D) RAP

Question 6

Why is spelling a unique area of concern for educators?

A) It has received the least amount of attention from researchers.
B) There is only one possible correct answer.
C) Few instructional aides exist for teaching spelling.
D) It is the most time consuming component of instruction.

Question 7

What focus should handwriting instructional programs avoid stressing?

A) Speed of writing for students with disabilities.
B) Perfect reproduction of recognized standards.
C) Well-developed and edited pieces of writing.
D) Long pieces of written expression.

Question 8

Which form of spelling assessment can most effectively complement data from standardized tests?

A) Informal observations
B) Anecdotal reports
C) Diagnostic word surveys
D) Error analysis

Question 9

Why are portfolios particularly appropriate for writing assessment?

A) Because writing assignments are typically longer than others and need to be stored using tools that have more space.
B) They enable teachers to involve students in the evaluation of their own writing samples.
C) They make writing samples more presentable.
D) They are the only form of standardized assessment that accurately measures written expression.

Question 10

What can make instruction of writing more motivating to students and increases the quality of work produced?

A) Linking content from other subjects into written areas.
B) Making tasks meaningful by providing students with topics of personal interest.
C) Lower standards and shortening the length of assignments.
D) Maximizing teacher involvement.

Question 11

The writing process involves two processes, text generation and:

A) transcription.
B) dictation.
C) spelling.
D) handwriting.

Question 12

Which of the following is considered handwriting prerequisite by Polloway, Patton, Serna, and Bailey?

A) High levels of vocabulary
B) Good spelling skills
C) Fluency and speed of penmanship
D) Visual acuity and its coordination with motor movements

Question 13

Which of the following approaches is best suited to developing vocabulary?

A) Language experience approach (LEA)
B) Sentence combining
C) RAP
D) Whole language approach

Question 14

Which letters should be taught first to students who are learning handwriting?

A) The letters of the alphabet in sequential order.
B) Any letter in the lower case
C) Any letter in the upper case
D) The letters in each student's name.

Question 15

Why may problems in listening, speaking, or reading be reflected and perhaps magnified in the area of writing?

A) Because students with disabilities will be able to write to their teachers explaining their problems.
B) Writers must draw on previous linguistic experiences in order to communicate effectively.
C) Because it involves the generation of text.
D) Writing must be involved as both a process and a product and persons with disabilities are unable to understand and apply this, making their difficulties more apparent.

Question 16

Why have some educators questioned the necessity of teaching and assessing handwriting?

A) Technological developments remove the need for it.
B) It causes so many difficulties for students with disabilities that teachers want to spend instructional time on other, more worthwhile areas.
C) Empirically based research has found that it is an underused skill and therefore unnecessary.
D) Simply because students dislike the skill so much.

Question 17

Why should informal assessment receive primary attention when measuring the full scope of written expression?

A) Because teachers are not permitted to administer formal assessments.
B) Informal assessments are quicker and easier to give than any other form.
C) Formal assessments typically cannot measure the full scope of written expression.
D) Because research says it should.

Question 18

The W-W-W, What-2, How-2 mnemonic is used to teach which aspect of writing?

A) Story writing
B) Spelling
C) Paragraph development
D) Sentence development

Question 19

According to the text, what forms the nucleus of structural work with students and the basis for teaching about appropriate syntax?

A) Letters
B) Words
C) Sentences
D) Paragraphs

Question 20

Which form of assessment typically is used most in measuring handwriting skills?

A) Standardized testing
B) Informal assessment
C) Criterion-referenced methods
D) Commercially produced tests

Question 21

The process approach to writing represents all of the following ideas, except one. Pick the one that does not apply.

A) Maintains a balance between the extremes of decontextualized teaching of mechanics and the de-emphasized and incidental teaching of skills.
B) Focuses on skills that would benefit students in learning to write, such as diagramming sentences.
C) Links instruction on skills to the context of real writing opportunities.
D) Includes a focus on the author's role and the author's ideas over the use of correct grammar.

Question 22

Explain three key areas that teachers should consider when creating a spelling program and outline two strategies that may be incorporated in the program.

Question 23

The writing process is composed of three distinct stages. Identify and explain these stages and suggest teaching methods that are useful at each stage.

Question 24

Why is the teaching of writing to students with disabilities important?

Question 25

Why is informal assessment more prominently used in all areas of writing than any other form of assessment?

Question 26

Which of the following is not considered a positive effect from using computers and technology to assist students with the writing process?

A) Students produce longer pieces of text.
B) Students are more motivated to write.
C) Technology could scaffold student learning.
D) Use of computers can be used as a substitute for paper and pencil tasks.

Question 27

Provide an argument for "handwriting instruction is paramount in the twenty-first century."

Question 28

For older students who have experienced limited prior success with writing, it is important to focus on what aspect of the writing process first:

A) spelling and punctuation.
B) ideation.
C) sentences that are complete and varied.
D) appropriate vocabulary.

Question 29

Which of the following strategies is the most comprehensive and effective in the post writing stage of written expression?

A) COPS
B) W-W-W, What-2, How-2
C) RAP
D) REVISE

Question 30

Exemplary practices in successful writing programs include three of the following. Select the one that is not an exemplary process:

A) regular teacher-student conferences, overt teacher modeling, and follow-up instruction to ensure mastery.
B) a daily, predictable writing routine.
C) effective initial instruction maintains skills such as spelling.
D) cooperative settings where peers provide feedback and assistance on individual's work.