Deck 14: Power, politics, and Government

Question 1

The consequences of crimes against seniors are more serious than the consequences for the rest of the population.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to the text,there is only one main method for determining a person's functional age.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The functionalist perspective on aging examines the connection between personal satisfaction in the later years and a high level of activity.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Children are viewed as an economic liability in industrialized nations.

Question 5

Ageism is discrimination based on ethnicity.

Question 6

Childhood has been viewed the same way for over 500 years.

Question 7

Conflict analysis includes disengagement theory

Question 8

Role structure is the number of persons at each age level in society.

Question 9

Elder abuse refers to the physical abuse of persons 65 years and older.

Question 10

In Canada,age differentiation is based on three broadly defined categories: youth,adulthood,and old age.

Question 11

The silver tsunami is a result of increasing birth rates.

Question 12

Age is one of the few ascribed statuses that changes over time.

Question 13

Support services are more costly than institutional care.

Question 14

Support services help only older individuals with financial concerns.

Question 15

Contemporary understandings of death are based in law and medicine.

Question 16

One of the consequences of population aging is that there will be considerably more age segregation.

Question 17

Activity theory states that people tend to shift gears in late middle age and find substitutes for previous statuses and roles.

Question 18

A central theme of postmodern theory is the notion that identity is a social construct.

Question 19

According to conflict theorists,as people grow older their power tends to diminish unless they are able to maintain wealth.

Question 20

Retirement was established in Canada in 1889.

Question 21

According to the text,the emerging trend for older men to get cosmetic surgery is attributable to which of the following?

A) individualism
B) youth-oriented culture
C) ageism
D) role exchange

Question 22

According to Meredith Jones (2004),anti-aging technologies such as Botox,breast implants,and hormone replacement therapy are comparable to what?

A) ageism
B) transition technologies
C) medical abuse
D) postmodern architecture

Question 23

What perspective suggests that contemporary society has eroded the framework that helps older people to confirm who they are?

A) conflict theory
B) postmodern theory
C) feminist theory
D) interactionist theory

Question 24

Critics of the conflict perspective assert that it does not look at the increased longevity resulting from industrialization.

Question 25

Late adulthood consists of young-old,old-old,and oldest-old.

Question 26

Baby boomers were born between 1946 and 1965.

Question 27

Gerontology is the study of voodoo demography.

Question 28

How do the media contribute to ageism?

A) by portraying older people as wrinkled and unintelligent
B) by emphasizing the contributions of older people
C) by showing many more older men on television than older women
D) by stereotyping men and considering them to be "old" at an earlier age than women

Question 29

According to the text,what do many older people feel their biggest problem is?

A) lack of pension plans
B) loss of status
C) their own perceptions of their worth and value in society
D) other people's negative views of aging and their capabilities

Question 30

Which of the following statements does the text make about nursing homes?

A) They are the most economical environment for older persons.
B) They are the most restrictive environment for older persons.
C) They do not provide adequate care for older persons.
D) They are best able to provide care for those without family support.

Question 31

Between 1960 and 1970,the life expectancy for men was longer than for women.

Question 32

Activity in senior years results in lower life satisfaction.

Question 33

Most countries have pension plans.

Question 34

In Canada,the Old Age Pension Act was introduced in 1927.

Question 35

By 2050,what is the estimated percentage of the population over the age of 60 in Canada,Japan,South Korea,and Spain?

A) Canada 30 percent; Japan 60 percent; South Korea 20 percent; Spain 20 percent
B) Canada 30 percent; Japan 42 percent; South Korea 39 percent; Spain 38 percent
C) Canada 30 percent; Japan 30 percent; South Korea 20 percent; Spain 38 percent.
D) Canada 20 percent; Japan 60 percent; South Korea 30 percent; Spain 20 percent

Question 36

What do the categories of middle age and senior in our society today indicate as compared to adulthood 200 years ago?

A) change in role specification
B) change in role structure
C) change in role stratification
D) change in role specialization

Question 37

The current retirement age is 70.

Question 38

A nursing home is a hospital.

Question 39

Compared to institutional care,which statement best describes support services?

A) Support services are less costly than institutional care.
B) Support services are better than institutional care.
C) Support services are worse than institutional care.
D) Support services are more expensive than institutional care.

Question 40

Which statement best describes the changes in income for those over 65 from 1981 to 2003?

A) Income for males increased by 20 percent and income for females increased by 50 percent.
B) Income for males increased by 24 percent and income for females increased by 32 percent.
C) Income for males increased by 5 percent and income for females increased by 15 percent.
D) Income for males decreased by 2 percent and income for females held steady.

Question 41

A company is trying to benefit itself and its older workforce.What might be the best strategy for its employees over the age of 65?

A) part-time work
B) continue with full time work
C) full retirement
D) job sharing

Question 42

Jones (2004)compared cosmetic surgery to architecture,illustrating the extent to which our understanding of aging is a social construct.What theory is used in this work?

A) conflict theory
B) postmodern theory
C) feminist theory
D) interactionist theory

Question 43

When Patricia Moore,age 27,disguised herself as an 85-year-old woman and went to grocery stores,what did she find?

A) People made her feel important by speaking with her.
B) People made her feel "old" and unimportant.
C) People treated her in about the same way as they treated other people.
D) People were not fooled by her disguise and asked her why she was making fun of older persons.

Question 44

What percentage of older women live in nursing homes and other special-care facilities?

A) less than 1 percent
B) approximately 5 percent
C) approximately 10 percent
D) approximately 20 percent

Question 45

A millennial and a boomer are comparing how things were in their youth.They notice that the job requirements were very different coming out of high school.Which perspective would best explain this?

A) activity theory
B) disengagement theory
C) age and society paradigm
D) labelling theory

Question 46

What percentage of older men live in nursing homes and other special-care facilities?

A) less than 1 percent
B) approximately 5 percent
C) approximately 10 percent
D) approximately 20 percent

Question 47

Ellen Gee (2000)identifies several factors that will alleviate the generational war between the old and the young.Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?

A) The fertility rate is declining.
B) The government makes efforts to reduce the future burden of the pension system.
C) Younger people will pay reduced amounts of income tax.
D) Older people dedicate significant amounts of volunteer labour.

Question 48

What is the increase in life expectancy and a decrease in birth rates referred to as??

A) the greying of Canada
B) the silver tsunami
C) the silver boom
D) the way of the future

Question 49

Recreation programs geared toward seniors follow the same assumption as which of the following theories?

A) activity theory
B) disengagement theory
C) functionalist theory
D) conflict theory

Question 50

Who,typically,is a caregiver?

A) relatives who are women
B) relatives who are men
C) men who work for government homecare agencies
D) women who rely on their husbands for financial support

Question 51

Tanya is looking at how power diminishes over time and the impact of this power change on income.Which perspective will be most appropriate for her to use?

A) activity theory
B) conflict theory
C) exchange theory
D) disengagement theory

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a reason why life expectancy has steadily increased since the 20th century?

A) better water and sewage systems
B) the rise of nursing homes
C) improved nutrition
D) advances in medical science

Question 53

What might cause positive coverage of older people,such as media coverage of Hazel McCallion and the shift in advertising portrayals?

A) a decrease in the number of seniors
B) an increase in the spending power of seniors
C) an increase in complaints from seniors
D) a decrease in the spending power of seniors

Question 54

Ahmed,who is 67 years old,is applying for jobs.Some of the feedback he gets touches on concerns about being slow and not as intelligent.What is this an example of?

A) elder abuse
B) ageism
C) representational age
D) disengagement

Question 55

Being exposed to and holding negative views of aging are associated with which of the following?

A) increased memory loss,worse health,and earlier death
B) decreased memory loss,better health,and later death
C) no change in memory loss,health,or time of death
D) more risky behaviour

Question 56

What do activity theory and disengagement theory have in common?

A) They belong to the functionalist perspective.
B) They focus on role transition.
C) They belong to the symbolic interactionist perspective.
D) They take social inequality into account.

Question 57

Which statement is NOT true with respect to the changing demographics in China?

A) The elderly population is growing because of high birth rates in the past.
B) There has been rapid industrialization and urbanization resulting in different living arrangements.
C) The one-child policy has created a smaller young generation to care for the elderly.
D) The compensation for urban factory workers has increased.

Question 58

What is true of older couples compared to couples of child-rearing age?

A) Older couples are happier and more satisfied.
B) Older couples are sadder and less fulfilled.
C) Older couples are less satisfied and frustrated.
D) Older couples are angrier and bored.

Question 59

What is the life expectancy for a male born in 2011?

A) 77 years
B) 79 years
C) 81 years
D) 83 years

Question 60

According to a feminist perspective,what is characteristic of the lives of today's cohort of older women?

A) financial self-sufficiency
B) economic marginalization
C) personal security
D) high social status

Question 61

According to projections,how much of the population will be 65 years of age or older by the year 2061?

A) 5 to 10 percent
B) 11 to 15 percent
C) 25 to 30 percent
D) over 35 percent

Question 62

How does Novak and colleagues (2013)explain the different rates of aging in place between Chinese Canadians and European Canadians?

A) different financial resources and cultural differences
B) different numbers of elderly in each group
C) different numbers of caregivers in each group
D) different ages of the seniors

Question 63

Which claim would Cumming and Henry make about disengagement?

A) Social activity is more important as people get older.
B) Disengagement involves rejecting death.
C) Disengagement can be functional for both the individual and society.
D) Disengagement results in an abrupt change in the statuses and roles of older people.

Question 64

Ligaya is analyzing the impact of race,gender,and class on retirement outcomes in Canada.What theory would best apply?

A) activity theory
B) cumulative advantage theory
C) hospice theory
D) poststructuralist theory

Question 65

How would a postmodern approach understand former marathon runner Stella as she grapples with turning 80?

A) Stella's identity as an athlete is blurred with coming to terms with living in the body of an 80-year-old.
B) Stella will make a positive adjustment to aging when she puts her running days behind her.
C) Stella has less power now than she did when her success as a marathon runner brought rewards and wealth.
D) Stella will be happiest when she invests her energies in other pursuits and maintains her fitness in less strenuous ways.

Question 66

According to Park (2011),which of the following is NOT a reason why people retire?

A) adequate pensions
B) medical issues
C) caregiving responsibilities
D) industry customs related to age

Question 67

Which argument is NOT used to debunk "voodoo demography"?

A) Declining fertility reduces resources spent on children
B) Increase in pension premiums reduces future burden
C) Many well off seniors will pay tax on their retirement income
D) Older people are going to cost the health care system a lot

Question 68

How does the poverty rate for older women compare to the rate for older men?

A) The poverty rate for unattached women is 42 percent higher than that of unattached men.
B) The poverty rate for unattached women is 77 percent higher than that of unattached men.
C) The poverty rate for unattached women is 10 percent higher than that of unattached men.
D) The poverty rate for unattached women is the same as that of unattached men

Question 69

When are most healthcare costs associated with aging incurred?

A) in the first six months after retirement
B) on an ongoing basis
C) in the last six months of life
D) before retirement

Question 70

According to Erik Erikson (1963),older people who accept that the life cycle is inevitable and experience positive dimensions of their lives nearing an end are doing which of the following?

A) coming to terms with death
B) moving beyond despair to integrity
C) successful aging
D) aging disengagement

Question 71

Which of the following methods would not improve life in a nursing home?

A) allow as much freedom for residents as possible
B) reduce the possessions that residents have
C) allow patients to maintain the same rhythms in their lives as they had before entering the home
D) ensure patients continue to be active

Question 72

Many actresses have complained that there are no roles for women over a certain age.Why might this be?

A) sexism
B) ageism
C) sex stratification
D) age-based frustration

Question 73

Which cohort is more likely to experience poverty?

A) parents of baby boomers
B) baby boomers
C) baby busters
D) children of baby boomers

Question 74

Who argues that older people must accept that the life cycle is inevitable and that their lives are nearing an end?

A) Parsons
B) Cumming and Henry
C) Moore
D) Gelfand

Question 75

According to the Novak and colleagues (2013),why do women have such low incomes in old age?

A) They have worked less over their lifetimes due to child-rearing or holding part-time work.
B) They are viewed as sole providers.
C) They were the heads of households.
D) They were paid more while working.

Question 76

What term is used to describe the document that stipulates the circumstances under which you would like your life to be terminated or medical care to be withdrawn?

A) ethical guidelines
B) living will
C) criminal code
D) consent and capacity board

Question 77

According to the text's discussion of wealth,which of the following best reflects the relationship between poverty and aging?

A) Only a few older people have meagre incomes or lack savings; the vast majority are financially stable.
B) A significant number of older Canadians are poor or near poor,especially given that the economic situation of older Canadians as a group has declined dramatically.
C) Most Canadians have adequate financial resources for retirement.
D) A significant number of older Canadians are poor or near poor,yet the economic situation of older Canadians as a group has improved dramatically.

Question 78

Jason argues that differences in social class greatly influence the experience of aging.Which theoretical perspective is Jason using?

A) symbolic Interactionist
B) feminist
C) conflict
D) postmodern

Question 79

Which of the following statements best describes aging in Russia?

A) Mandatory retirement laws create jobs for younger workers.
B) Males have a life expectancy of 70 years.
C) Pensions are unaffected by changes in the economy.
D) The death rate rose during political restructuring.

Question 80

What do feminist scholars imply when they argue that functional age is subjective for men and women?

A) Women and men age in a similar fashion.
B) Women and men are evaluated differently.
C) Men and women are defined about evenly.
D) Society evaluates men and women using the same standards.