Deck 10: Work and Family

Question 1

After WWII, as soldiers came home, the government encouraged women to

A) expand their movement into the work force.
B) help their husbands, brothers, and fathers find jobs.
C) return to their kitchens.
D) continue business as usual.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Men with children work compared to childless men, on average.

A) decreased hours
B) increased hours
C) less
D) about the same

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Some career women choose to the labor force in order to stay home with their children for a time.

A) "say a permanent goodbye" to
B) reject
C) "turn their back on"
D) "opt out" of

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In 2010, percent of Americans said that marriages work better when the husband is breadwinner and the wife takes care of the house and children.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40

Question 5

The male provider role (and its counterpart, the female homemaker role) lasted into the

A) 1950s and 1960s.
B) late 1970s.
C) early 1990s.
D) 21st century.

Question 6

In about of gay male couples with children, one parent stays home.

A) one-quarter
B) one-third
C) half
D) two-thirds

Question 7

Traditional men are more likely to take on the model as their husband-father role.

A) good provider
B) social father
C) egalitarian
D) involved father

Question 8

Mothers of young children

A) were the first women to move into the labor force.
B) were the last women to move into the labor force.
C) have never entered the labor force.
D) now represent the majority of the labor force.

Question 9

Historically, black women have been far more likely than to work for wages.

A) nonHispanic white men
B) nonHispanic white women
C) Hispanic men
D) Asian American women

Question 10

Men continue to dominate corporate America. In 2010, less than percent of the highest-earning executives in Fortune 500 companies were women.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 8

Question 11

The family is one in which a traditional division of labor is the ideal. This family model is often associated with evangelical Christianity, as well as Orthodox Judaism, traditional Catholicism, and Mormonism.

A) strictly religious
B) ritualistic
C) neotraditional
D) gender specific

Question 12

The pronounced tendency for men and women to be employed in different types of jobs is termed

A) gender inconsistency.
B) occupational segregation.
C) work sexism.
D) occupational socialization.

Question 13

Heterosexual men are the primary breadwinners in about percent of relationships.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 40
D) 75

Question 14

Women who worked full time in 2014 earned cents for every dollar earned by men.

A) 65
B) 79
C) 88
D) 93

Question 15

In 2015, about percent of mothers of children under age 15 in married-couple families were stay-at- home mothers, wives of steadily employed men, who were temporarily out of the labor force for the entire year to "take care of home and family."

A) 10
B) 26
C) 40
D) 81

Question 16

In 2010, settled the largest sex-discrimination lawsuit in history.

A) Sears
B) Target
C) Costco
D) Wal-Mart

Question 17

The expanding economy needed more workers, and women were drawn into the labor force in significant numbers beginning around .

A) 1850
B) 1890
C) 1940
D) 1970

Question 18

In 2010, about percent of wives with children between ages 6 and 17 earned wages.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

Question 19

In 2014, percent of all employed women were office or sales workers.

A) 31
B) 45
C) 60
D) 75

Question 20

The labor force emerged during the

A) Middle Ages.
B) Colonial Period.
C) Industrial Revolution.
D) Great Depression.

Question 21

Compared with parents in the past, today's parents spend with their children.

A) about the same amount of time
B) as much or more time
C) far less time
D) significantly more time

Question 22

A little over of all employees now work more than 40 hours per week.

A) one-fourth
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) two-thirds

Question 23

A few companies today hope to lessen by eliminating salary negotiations.

A) the motherhood penalty
B) occupational segregation
C) role conflict
D) the wage gap

Question 24

Shift work is associated with

A) increased marital satisfaction.
B) increased shared leisure time.
C) decreased marital stability.
D) decreased physical stress.

Question 25

Social scientists have proposed alternative hypotheses for why women do more unpaid household labor. Which of the following is NOT one of those hypotheses?

A) Partners' relative earnings influence their division of household labor.
C) The partner with less power in the relationship can escape undesirable household labor.

Question 26

The American Time Use Survey shows that women spend time than men in the care of the household and its members.

A) the same amount of
B) slightly more
C) slightly less
D) more than double the

Question 27

involve(s) the necessary tasks of attending to both the emotional needs of all family members and the practical needs of dependent members, as well as maintaining the family domicile.

A) The second shift
B) Unpaid family work
C) Domestic chores
D) The good provider role

Question 28

Today, the statistical norm among married couples is the partnership.

A) dual-career
B) male-as-sole-provider
C) two-earner
D) female-as-sole-provider

Question 29

In which of the following racial/ethnic groups is housework significantly shared by household members other than the wife/mother, even if not by her husband?

A) Vietnamese/Laotian
B) Hispanic
C) white
D) African American

Question 30

Home-based work has

A) increased significantly over the past few decades.
B) increased slightly over the past few decades.
C) decreased slightly over the past few decades.
D) decreased significantly over the past few decades.

Question 31

The text observes that a little over half of home-based workers are women. Besides catching up on work, the reason they give most often for working at home is

A) to coordinate work with personal/family needs.
B) fear of the workplace.
C) an insistence on not taking orders from others.
D) a personal sense of entrepreneurship.

Question 32

In 2011, couples dedicated approximately hours weekly to housework.

A) 21
B) 28
C) 45
D) 52

Question 33

Brad and Janet have been married for 10 years. Janet is a prosecuting attorney. Brad stays home to care for the house and family. The text would identify Brad as a

A) good provider.
B) role-reversed father.
C) social father.
D) stay-at-home father.

Question 34

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild writes that employed parents put in a of unpaid family work that leaves them stressed and drained.

A) juggling act
B) swing shift
C) tightrope act
D) second shift

Question 35

Generally, lesbian couples' division of labor is than that of gay male couples.

A) less systematic
B) more egalitarian
C) less egalitarian
D) more difficult to measure

Question 36

Women are more likely than their male partners to remember anniversaries and shop for birthday gifts, activities known as _.

A) health behavior work
B) social networking
C) kin keeping
D) shift work

Question 37

According to the text, fathers are spending time with their children in comparison to the past.

A) more
B) the same amount of
C) slightly less
D) substantially less

Question 38

Heterosexual women are more likely than men to adjust their work and home schedules to accommodate caregiving, largely because

A) they are paid less on average than their male partners.
B) ?women are simply more nurturing than men.
C) most women believe men are not good caregivers.
D) they generally do not want egalitarian relationships.

Question 39

Virtually all research suggests that today's typical American family is

A) rushed and stressed.
B) peaceful and loving.
C) completely egalitarian.
D) conflict-ridden.

Question 40

In general, men spend more time in unpaid family work than do nonHispanic white men.

A) Asian American
B) African American
C) Hispanic
D) Native American

Question 41

A 2001 survey found found that approximately percent of women agree that one can be a good mother and have a successful career.

A) 25
B) 40
C) 65
D) 90

Question 42

Women often find that "family friendly" occupations

A) are usually dangerous.
B) never pay overtime.
C) do not pay well.
D) offer on-site daycare.

Question 43

Modern parents have increased time caring for their children AND increased their employment hours by doing all of the following EXCEPT

A) cutting back on housework.
B) spending less time on themselves.
C) putting their children in day care.
D) seeing their friends less often.

Question 44

involves flexible starting and ending times with required core hours.

A) Job sharing
B) Family leave
C) Flextime
D) Elder care

Question 45

Some large corporations demonstrate interest in effecting workplace policies that are supportive of employee efforts to combine family and work commitments.

A) family-friendly
B) fast track
C) family track
D) third-shift

Question 46

About percent of children under age 5 whose mothers are employed are cared for by grandparents.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 30

Question 47

Policy researchers define child care as the full time education and care of children under age , and care before and after school for older children.

A) six
B) five
C) four
D) three

Question 48

Attitudes and behaviors in relationships became increasingly egalitarian since the 1970s. Then the trend toward egalitarian behavior slowed during the 1990s. Feminists refer to this development as a

A) gender strategy.
B) corrupt bargain.
C) stalled revolution.
D) gender role disruption.

Question 49

Employees who are allowed some flexibility in deciding when to begin and end work report all EXCEPT which of the following benefits?

A) reduced incidences of dissatisfaction
B) less job-related fatigue
C) enhanced job satisfaction and loyalty to the employer
D) fewer family-work conflicts

Question 50

The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act mandates up to of unpaid family leave for workers in companies with at least fifty employees.

A) two weeks
B) twelve weeks
C) twenty weeks
D) two years

Question 51

In 2010, about percent of children ages 9 to 11 whose mothers were employed were in self-care.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) 40

Question 52

Which statement about economic resources is accurate?
a. Minimum wage jobs are more than adequate to support a small family.
c. Temp work is a low-stress way for families to earn extra money.

Question 53

Greg and Bill work for the same company, in the same position. They actually share an office, since Greg works primarily mornings and weekends and Bill works in the afternoons. Greg and Bill's situation is an example of __________.

A) flextime usage
B) job sharing
C) multiple employee tactics
D) job overlapping

Question 54

There are essentially three types of nonrelative child care. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A) in-home caregiver (or nanny)
B) family child care
C) babysitting
D) center care

Question 55

involves an employee being able to take an extended period of time from work, either paid or unpaid, for maternity, paternity, ill-child and elder-care purposes.

A) Family leave
B) Flex time
C) Family vacation
D) Personal days

Question 56

is a term used when two-earner couples exchange child care and work roles daily or even more often than that.

A) "Tag team"
B) "Day care war"
C) "Flip flop"
D) "Self-care"

Question 57

involves providing assistance with daily living activities to an elderly relative who is chronically frail, ill, disabled, or just in need of assistance.

A) Day care
B) Aging intervention
C) Elder care
D) Senior-sitting

Question 58

Job sharing, working at home or telecommuting, compressed workweeks, and personal days are all examples of

A) family leave.
B) flexible scheduling.
C) care programs.
D) profit sharing.

Question 59

Joanne's mother is 90 years old, disabled, and in need of assistance with daily living activities. Recently, Joanne and her husband suggested that Joanne's mother move in with them. This situation is an example of what the text refers to as

A) elder care.
B) family care.
C) aged dependency.
D) infirmity.

Question 60

Paid care is more common for children in families.

A) working class
B) higher-income
C) larger
D) none of these

Question 61

To be successful, two-earner marriages will require social policy support and

A) workplace flexibility.
B) authoritative marital roles.
C) a laissez-faire orientation.
D) social inequality.

Question 62

Careers differ from jobs in that they pay significantly more but require less education.

Question 63

How pleasures or stresses associated with work affect interaction within the family is called

Question 64

is organizing family activities and caring for kin.

Question 65

The concept of the describes the fact that motherhood has a tremendous negative lifetime impact on earnings.

Question 66

Research on racial/ethnic differences finds that the pattern of men's spending less time than women in housework occurs in white, black, and Hispanic families.

Question 67

Careers are basically the same as jobs.

Question 68

The pronounced tendency for men and women to be employed in different types of jobs is termed .

Question 69

Using credit rather than paying cash is one way families can address the stress of having inadequate economic resources.

Question 70

The traditionally expected American career path has required giving priority to one's profession while making family secondary.

Question 71

Both men and women do far more housework these days than in 1965.

Question 72

Study after study shows that marital satisfaction is greater when

A) the man provides and the woman does the household work.
B) wives feel that husbands share fairly in the household work.
C) husbands actually participate equally in the household work.
D) husbands feel that wives share fairly in the outside employment.

Question 73

In recent years, men have been decreasing their share of the housework.

Question 74

Some husbands today are rejecting the idea that dedication to one's job or occupational achievement is the ultimate indicator of success.

Question 75

Over 30 percent of children age twelve to fourteen whose mothers are employed full time are in self-care-without adult supervision-for an average of seven hours a week.

Question 76

Before mothers entered the work force in large numbers, their employment outside the home was considered problematic.

Question 77

Mothers of young children were the first women to move into employment outside the home.

Question 78

Many traditional men view a wife's earning more than they do as a

A) treat.
B) sin.
C) threat.
D) benefit.

Question 79

The vast majority of two-paycheck marriages can be classified as dual-career.

Question 80

Only since the Industrial Revolution has working been considered separate from family living.