Deck 12: Interpersonal Aggression

Question 1

All of the following are true about aggression EXCEPT which statement?

A)Intention is the key to deciding whether something is aggression or not.
B)Aggression can be measured in a laboratory setting.
C)Instrumental and affective aggression often are blended together to contribute to aggression.
D)Aggressive acts are classified as either instrumental or affective.

Answer 1

Aggressive acts are classified as either instrumental or affective.

Question 2

All of the following are true about aggression in both humans and animals EXCEPT which statement?

A)Both humans and animals will usually aggress over attempts to gain control over material resources.
B)Both humans and animals will usually aggress over attacks to their offspring.
C)Both humans and animals are essentially hardwired for aggression.
D)Both humans and animals aggress over issues of social status.

Answer 2

Both humans and animals are essentially hardwired for aggression.

Question 3

The two brain structures that together generate the fight-or-flight response are the _____ and the _____.

A)amygdala;hippocampus
B)hippocampus;hypothalamus
C)hypothalamus;amygdala
D)dACC;amygdala

Answer 3

hypothalamus;amygdala

Question 4

_____ is the study of animal behavior in its natural context.

A)Biology
B)Ethology
C)Eros
D)Thanatos

Question 5

_____ proposes that frustration produces an emotional readiness to aggress.

A)Terror management theory
B)The frustration-aggression hypothesis
C)Freud's theory of aggression
D)The displacement hypothesis

Question 6

_____ is any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to harm another person or any living thing.

A)Displacement
B)Frustration
C)Aggression
D)Violence

Question 7

One function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)is to:

A)prepare our bodies for "flight" or "fight."
B)stimulate aggressive tendencies.
C)alert us when there is a conflict between our expectations and the situation we are in.
D)decrease aggressive tendencies.

Question 8

Research showing that study participants were more likely to shock someone if they had been prevented from obtaining a desired prize provided support for:

A)terror management theory.
B)the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
C)social identity theory.
D)Freud's theory of aggression.

Question 9

Frustration is accentuated when we:

A)are close to our intended goal.
B)think the frustration is unintentional.
C)think everyone is feeling the same way.
D)expect to be frustrated.

Question 10

A boxer punches his opponent as hard as he can in order to win the boxing match.This is _____ aggression.

A)affective aggression
B)instrumental aggression
C)verbal aggression
D)implicit aggression

Question 11

Samir is walking down the street when a group of boys start yelling insults and slurs at him,creating a conflict for him about how he thinks he should be treated and how he is treated.The _____ in Samir's brain will be the first region to become active when this occurs.

A)amygdala
B)dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
C)hypothalamus
D)hippocampus

Question 12

_____ aggression is aggression directed to a target other than the source of one's frustration.

A)Instrumental
B)Affective
C)Displaced
D)Violent

Question 13

Some theorists argue that natural selection may have shaped the human mind to _____ valued relationship partners.

A)forget
B)aggress against
C)forgive
D)retaliate against

Question 14

All of the following are examples of aggression EXCEPT which instance?

A)A man punches a woman in the face after she yells at him.
B)A boy attempts to kick another child but misses.
C)A doctor is examining a patient's bruised arm and the patient screams out in pain.
D)A woman shoots a man attempting to assault her.

Question 15

For something to be labeled as aggression it has to be:

A)intentional.
B)violent.
C)physical.
D)painful.

Question 16

_____ is harm done to another person that serves some other goal.

A)Instrumental aggression
B)Violent aggression
C)Physical aggression
D)Affective aggression

Question 17

_____ helps to damp out angry and aggressive impulses.

A)Serotonin
B)Dopamine
C)Testosterone
D)Estrogen

Question 18

In the psychology of aggression,the most widely studied hormone is:

A)testosterone.
B)insulin.
C)estrogen.
D)amygdala.

Question 19

_____ is harm done to another person that is elicited in response to some negative emotion.

A)Instrumental aggression
B)Violent aggression
C)Physical aggression
D)Affective aggression

Question 20

The _____ is the region of the brain that regulates impulsive behavior.

A)dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
B)amygdala
C)hypothalamus
D)prefrontal cortex

Question 21

Research has generally:

A)failed to link playing violent video games to aggression.
B)shown that only males are violent.
C)established a link between playing violent video games and aggression.
D)shown that it is aggressive tendencies that predict interest in violent media and not the other way around.

Question 22

Aggression is less likely to occur if the frustration one is experiencing:

A)results from an interaction with a friend.
B)seems justified.
C)results from an interaction with a member of an outgroup.
D)seems arbitrary.

Question 23

In general,people will _____ when some impediment prevents aggressing against the original source of frustration.

A)suffer a decline of self-esteem
B)experience increased death anxiety
C)displace aggression
D)become extremely violent

Question 24

Research on the role of social rejection in aggression found that being rejected:

A)increases aggression.
B)decreases aggression.
C)has no effect on aggression.
D)increases aggression but only among children.

Question 25

_____ occurs when someone does not respond to an initial provocation but later,when faced with a second provocation,responds more aggressively than would be warranted by that second provocation alone.

A)Violent aggression
B)Provoked aggression
C)Instrumental aggression
D)Triggered displaced aggression

Question 26

All of the following are true about aggression EXCEPT which statement?

A)When frustration is arbitrary,people are less likely to aggress.
B)The most reliable provocation of aggression is the belief one has of being attacked.
C)Attacks to self-esteem often provoke aggression.
D)Social rejection can provoke aggression.

Question 27

All of the following are inhibitors of aggression EXCEPT which one?

A)empathy
B)moral values
C)provocation
D)consideration of the consequences

Question 28

The association between media violence and aggression is:

A)stronger than the association between smoking and lung cancer.
B)weaker than the association between calcium intake and bone mass.
C)stronger than the association between condom use and sexually transmitted HIV.
D)weaker than the association between self-examination and the extent of breast cancer.

Question 29

_____ is the tendency for the presence of firearms to increase the likelihood of aggression,especially when people are frustrated.

A)The weapons effect
B)Displacement
C)The priming effect
D)Hostile aggression

Question 30

All of the following are true about violent media EXCEPT which statement?

A)The more people watch violent media,the less they are disturbed by it.
B)The more people watch violent media,the more they realize it is fictional.
C)Violence sometimes imitates violent media content in a detailed manner.
D)Violence is more likely to be imitated if the perpetrator is reinforced.

Question 31

The more people identify with the character they see engaging in filmed violence:

A)the more likely they are to aggress.
B)the less likely they are to aggress.
C)the more likely they are to experience negative emotions.
D)the less likely they are to further consume violent media.

Question 32

All of the following are true about triggered displaced aggression EXCEPT which statement?

A)People will typically displace the aggression toward any target that is available.
B)Someone does not respond to an initial frustration but later responds to a second event.
C)Preexisting hostility from the first event biases how a person interprets a second event.
D)People are more likely to displace their aggression toward someone they don't like.

Question 33

A model of aggression emphasizing that stressors,hostile feelings,and cues associated with aggressive behavior is the _____ model.

A)frustration aggression
B)cognitive neoassociationism
C)social learning
D)excitation transfer

Question 34

Troy is really angry at his social psychology professor for the grade he received on his exam.Troy goes home and yells at his partner for being a bit late coming home.This is an example of:

A)the frustration-aggression hypothesis.
B)displaced aggression.
C)terror management theory.
D)the cognitive neoassociationism model.

Question 35

The weapons effect tends only to be observed:

A)when the participant is in a good mood.
B)if the participant has low self-esteem.
C)under conditions of cognitive load.
D)when the participant is angry.

Question 36

Using bug-killing as an assigned experimental task,researchers found that the more bugs participants were instructed to kill,the more bugs they voluntarily chose to kill during a subsequent free time period if the:

A)participants were high in trait anger.
B)participants believed there was some similarity between bugs and humans.
C)experimenter provoked the participants.
D)participants believe there was no similarity between bugs and humans.

Question 37

Violent media is often appealing for all of the following reasons EXCEPT which statement?

A)It is arousing.
B)It is exciting.
C)It transfers excitement.
D)It portrays good over evil.

Question 38

Research on aggression found that Major League Baseball pitchers were more likely to hit batters with pitches:

A)if the pitcher had low self-esteem.
B)if the batter was a racial minority.
C)on days when the pitcher had consumed alcohol.
D)on days when the temperature was very high.

Question 39

Research indicates that exposure to violent media:

A)increases aggression.
B)decreases aggression.
C)has no effect on aggression.
D)leads to severe mental illness.

Question 40

The _____ states that when people are still physiologically aroused by an initial event,but not thinking about what made them aroused,then the unexplained excitation can be shifted and interpreted in the context of a new event.

A)cognitive neoassociationism model
B)excitation transfer theory
C)catharsis model
D)social learning theory

Question 41

In cultures of honor,people (especially men)are MOST characteristically:

A)less motivated to protect their status and reputations.
B)highly concerned about the honor of their women.
C)highly motivated to protect their self-esteem.
D)highly motivated to protect their status and reputations.

Question 42

A _____ is characteristic of regions where people evolved from herding societies and ____.

A)culture of honor;the legal system is reliable
B)culture of honor;the legal system is ineffectual
C)culture of machismo;the legal system is reliable
D)culture of machismo;the legal system is ineffectual

Question 43

Violent media is most likely to influence aggression:

A)among people who really like video games.
B)in poorer countries.
C)in urban areas.
D)among people who are generally above average in aggressive tendencies.

Question 44

According to _____,larger status disparities found in herding societies account for the link between cultures of honor and aggressive proclivities.

A)terror management theory
B)low-status compensation theory
C)social dominance theory
D)evolutionary psychology

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Women are more likely than men to be physically aggressive.
B)Men are more likely than women to be physically aggressive.
C)Men are more likely than women to be verbally aggressive.
D)Men and women do not differ in their preferred mode of aggression.

Question 46

Women are:

A)less likely to be verbally aggressive than men.
B)more willing to ignore aggression than men.
C)more likely to be verbally aggressive than men.
D)more likely to identify with cultures of honor than men.

Question 47

Trait aggressiveness is:

A)rarely observed in collectivist cultures.
B)stable across time.
C)not stable across time.
D)rarely observed in individualistic cultures.

Question 48

Research found that monozygotic twin pairs were:

A)less similar in aggressiveness than dizygotic twin pairs.
B)more similar in aggressiveness than dizygotic twin pairs.
C)very aggressive from an early age.
D)not very aggressive from an early age.

Question 49

Researchers developed the concept of _____ to explain inner-city gang-related violence.

A)subcultures of violence
B)cultures of honor
C)ingroup bias
D)gang-based aggression

Question 50

Hostile attribution bias:

A)predicts aggressive behaviors.
B)does not predict aggressive behaviors.
C)is only observed among males.
D)is only observed among females.

Question 51

John loves playing violent video games.However,John does not have aggressive tendencies.For John,exposure to violent media is likely to:

A)increase self-control.
B)increase aggression.
C)decrease aggression.
D)have little to no effect on aggression.

Question 52

Alejandro is the class bully who always looks at others and interprets their facial expressions as threatening,even when they are neutral.Alejandro:

A)is low on trait aggressiveness.
B)displays hostile attribution bias.
C)displays a self-serving bias.
D)engages in displaced aggression.

Question 53

Low levels of serotonin are:

A)not associated with aggression.
B)associated with low levels of aggression.
C)associated with high levels of aggression.
D)the sole determinant of aggressive personality.

Question 54

_____ is the tendency to attribute hostile intent to others' actions,even when others' intentions are innocent.

A)Instrumental aggression
B)Affective aggression
C)Displaced aggression
D)Hostile attribution bias

Question 55

Research indicates that the more violent television people watch:

A)the more they believe violence is acceptable.
B)the less they believe violence is acceptable.
C)the more they believe violence is common in the real world.
D)the less they believe violence is common in the real world.

Question 56

According to research,what percentage of abused children grow up to be abusive parents?

A)70 percent
B)10 percent
C)30 percent
D)90 percent

Question 57

All of the following are true about gender and aggression EXCEPT which statement?

A)Men and women do not differ in the preferred mode of aggression.
B)Verbal aggression can be harmful for the target's emotional health.
C)Men's size may play a role in their physical aggression.
D)When women do not feel constrained by gender norms,they may physically aggress more.

Question 58

Women are:

A)more likely than men to believe physical aggression is inappropriate.
B)less likely than men to believe physical aggression is inappropriate.
C)more likely to perceive ambiguous scenes as aggressive.
D)more tolerant of violence if they are high status.

Question 59

Exposure to aggression and physical violence at home:

A)decreases aggressive tendencies among children.
B)increases aggressive tendencies among children.
C)has little effect on the aggressive tendencies of children.
D)only increases aggressive tendencies among children who play violent video games.

Question 60

In the culture of honor research by Cohen and colleagues:

A)Southerners were more likely than Northerners to have aggressive cognitions after being insulted.
B)Southerners were less likely than Northerners to have aggressive cognitions after being insulted.
C)Southerners tended to laugh after being insulted.
D)Northerners tended to withdrawal emotionally after being insulted.

Question 61

Bako is likely to employ physical aggression both inside and outside his primary domestic relationship.He is a(n)_____ abuser.

A)psychopathic
B)undercontrolled
C)overcontrolled
D)borderline

Question 62

Narcissism is a trait that reflects:

A)high communal goals.
B)greater empathy for others.
C)a grandiose but fragile view of the self.
D)high implicit self-esteem.

Question 63

Declan is narcissistic and tends to have an uncertain and insecure sense of self.Declan is a(n)_____ abuser.

A)psychopathic
B)undercontrolled
C)overcontrolled
D)borderline

Question 64

Evan thinks that the world would be a much better place if he ruled it.Evan is probably high in the trait of:

A)narcissism.
B)agreeableness.
C)neuroticism.
D)impulsivity.

Question 65

Adilah is intoxicated,and she has a decreased ability to read emotions on the face of another person and pick up other social cues.Adilah is exhibiting:

A)alcohol inhibition.
B)alcohol myopia.
C)ego depletion.
D)narcissism.

Question 66

High levels of impulsivity are:

A)associated with high levels of aggression.
B)associated with low levels of aggression.
C)not associated with aggression.
D)observed only among children.

Question 67

All of the following are true about domestic violence EXCEPT which statement?

A)In heterosexual relationships,the frequency of physical aggression by males and females is equal.
B)Most domestic violence is instrumental rather than affective.
C)Male abusers tend to believe marital violence is acceptable.
D)Cultures of honor promote a more tolerant attitude toward aggression.

Question 68

Male abusers tend to hold the belief that:

A)marital violence is acceptable.
B)marital violence is unacceptable.
C)women are physically stronger than men.
D)women are intellectually superior to men.

Question 69

Alcohol sometimes leads to aggressive thoughts and attributions because:

A)it makes us want to play violent video games.
B)it increases testosterone.
C)we expect it to.
D)it causes aggressive personality disorder.

Question 70

_____ is violence between current or former romantic partners.

A)Affective aggression
B)Instrumental aggression
C)Domestic violence
D)Verbal aggression

Question 71

Khalil is a man who is generally not violent,but his resentments with both his job and his in-laws build up,and then he takes out these frustrations on his wife,Samia.Khalil is a(n)_____ abuser.

A)psychopathic
B)undercontrolled
C)overcontrolled
D)borderline

Question 72

Research observed that convicted murderers displayed:

A)a greater ability to regulate their impulses.
B)less glucose metabolism in their prefrontal regions.
C)greater glucose metabolism in their prefrontal regions.
D)lower levels of trait aggressiveness.

Question 73

Drugs can contribute to aggression because:

A)they can increase arousal and paranoia.
B)they cause severe mental illness.
C)they are associated with high trait aggressiveness.
D)they increase self-control.

Question 74

Poor intellectual functioning:

A)is associated with high aggressiveness,especially in children.
B)is associated with low aggressiveness,especially in children.
C)is associated with aggressiveness mainly in adult males.
D)is associated with aggressiveness mainly in adult females.

Question 75

The warrior gene:

A)does not universally predict aggressive behavior.
B)is associated with low levels of aggression.
C)metabolizes serotonin quickly and easily.
D)is the sole determinant of aggressive personality.

Question 76

When their self-esteem is threatened,narcissists:

A)exhibit lower aggressiveness.
B)exhibit higher aggressiveness.
C)blame themselves for failure.
D)become less narcissistic.

Question 77

James is not what you would consider a violent man.However,every now and then,when his anger really builds up,he becomes aggressive toward his wife.Which type of abuser is James?

A)psychopathic
B)undercontrolled
C)overcontrolled
D)borderline

Question 78

Bruce easily becomes jealous when other men talk to his wife.He tends to have a very insecure sense of self and is overly dependent on his wife for psychological security.Bruce also physically abuses his wife.Which type of abuser is Bruce?

A)psychopathic
B)undercontrolled
C)overcontrolled
D)borderline

Question 79

Alcohol is involved in about _____ of all violent crimes and sexual assaults worldwide.

A)10 percent
B)20 percent
C)50 percent
D)80 percent

Question 80

All of the following are true about alcohol EXCEPT which statement?

A)It impairs self-awareness.
B)It increases aggression because we expect it to.
C)Victims of violent crime are likely to be sober.
D)Intoxicated people are less distressed by their mistakes.