Deck 11: Social Psychology

Question 1

__________ psychology is referred to as the study of how people influence others' behaviors.

A)Social
B)Interpersonal
C)Popular
D)Humanistic

Answer 1

Social

Question 2

Mel is listening to a political candidate promote a new health care program.He believes that the candidate really supports the new program.Which of the following may have occurred?

A)A dispositional attribution
B)A situational attribution
C)A fundamental attribution error
D)A misjudgment of character

Answer 2

A fundamental attribution error

Question 3

Victor is studying for his calculus exam.What would you recommend he do?

A)Invite several friends over to play video games while he studies.
B)Tell him to ask his mom if she will clean his room while he studies.
C)Encourage him to invite his girlfriend over to watch him study.
D)Encourage him to study alone.

Answer 3

Encourage him to study alone.

Question 4

Which theory is validated by the fact that research on stress suggests that close family ties and meaningful relationships are buffers to illness?

A)Need to belong theory
B)Social cohesion theory
C)Social contact theory
D)Need to fit in theory

Question 5

Lisa,a third grader,just told Hal,a first grader,that he had "cooties." Soon all the first grade girls were running away from Hal,screaming "Stay away,you have cooties!" What was Hal a victim of?

A)Social comparison
B)Collective delusions
C)False beliefs
D)Taunting

Question 6

__________ refers to the tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on others' behavior

A)Social facilitation
B)Social comparison theory
C)Fundamental attribution error
D)Need to belong theory

Question 7

The tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on others' behavior is known as

A)social facilitation.
B)social influence.
C)the social comparison theory.
D)the fundamental attribution error.

Question 8

You are sitting at a red light; as it turns green,another car comes speeding through the intersection.What is your initial attribution likely to be?

A)The driver was taking his pregnant wife to the hospital.
B)The driver is a jerk.
C)The light was malfunctioning.
D)The driver didn't notice the red light.

Question 9

Many people have claimed to have seen UFOs or been abducted by aliens.This is an example of

A)social comparison theory.
B)mass hysteria.
C)attribution.
D)social facilitation.

Question 10

Most marathon runners train alone yet run their best times during actual races.What phenomenon best explains this observation?

A)Social disruption
B)Bystander effects
C)Social facilitation
D)Social boostering

Question 11

The need to belong theory suggests that humans have a(n)__________ need for interpersonal connections.

A)cognitive
B)emotional
C)biological
D)social

Question 12

Derek is in his first year of college.He is learning lots of new things and has begun to question some of his beliefs,including his religious ones.He asks his roommate if he is going through anything similar.What is Derek engaging in?

A)Social comparison
B)Social facilitation
C)Social ambiguity
D)Social reassurance

Question 13

It's Saturday morning and your mom tells you that until you are finished raking the yard,you cannot go over to your friend's house.What might help you finish this job faster?

A)If you use extra large bags to put the leaves in
B)If you ask your sister to watch you rake
C)If you listen to your iPod while raking
D)If you use two rakes instead of one

Question 14

Della was shocked to learn that her psychology professor was just arrested for an attempted robbery.She was sure that he was a nice guy.What concept best explains her reaction?

A)Fundamental attribution error
B)Social disruption
C)Social comparison theory
D)Underestimation error

Question 15

Demonstrating the phenomenon of ________,Zajonc found that cockroaches will run faster and more efficiently when ________.

A)conformity; running together
B)learning; reinforced
C)social facilitation; other cockroaches are present
D)social loafing; they are alone

Question 16

Social psychology is best defined as the scientific study of

A)deviant behavior.
B)sociology.
C)social influence.
D)groups.

Question 17

Michael is a great football player.Last Saturday,his new girlfriend attended the game to watch him play,and Michael played even better than usual.Michael's enhanced performance demonstrates the phenomenon known as

A)social influence.
B)social facilitation.
C)social conformity.
D)the bystander effect.

Question 18

According to research,humans have a biological need for interpersonal interactions.This is called the

A)need for friends theory.
B)need for intimacy theory.
C)need for interpersonal interactions theory.
D)need to belong theory.

Question 19

What concept may be represented by the story of the "boogey man"?

A)Superstitions
B)Rural myths
C)Urban legends
D)Collective delusions

Question 20

Marika was confronted by the jealous girlfriend of a guy that Marika had dated.She backed down from the confrontation and fled the scene.Later,she asked several others what they would have done in that type of a situation and they agreed that they would have done the same thing.Marika felt better.This is an example of

A)fundamental attribution theory.
B)social comparison theory.
C)collective delusions.
D)mass hyteria.

Question 21

Quentin is riding home on the subway.He notices several of the passengers staring at an older woman in a peculiar hat.Although he knows that it is wrong to stare,he finds himself staring as well.What is Quentin exhibiting?

A)Collusion
B)Deindividuation
C)Anonymity
D)Conformity

Question 22

According to Asch and others,all of the following are social factors that influence conformity EXCEPT

A)status of the group.
B)unanimity of the group.
C)giving a different wrong answer.
D)size of the majority.

Question 23

The tendency of people to alter their behavior as a result of group pressure is known as

A)conformity.
B)groupthink.
C)mass hysteria.
D)attribution.

Question 24

Trey is on a class field trip.As the bus drives by a tall building,he hears all his classmates proclaim that they just passed the Sears Tower.Trey could have sworn that it was a different building.What concept explains why Trey is likely to agree with his classmates?

A)Conformity
B)Peer pressure
C)Obedience
D)Social comparison

Question 25

When people are stripped of their identities,they tend to engage in uncharacteristic behavior.This is known as

A)mass hysteria.
B)deindividuation.
C)social comparison.
D)groupthink.

Question 26

Which concept best exemplifies the freedom most students experience on a "road trip"?

A)Conformity
B)Deindividuation
C)Social exuberance
D)Escape from reality

Question 27

Professor Chu is conducting a brief experiment for his social psychology unit.He asks the first five students who showed up for class to stare out the window.As other students file into the classroom,what are they likely to do?

A)Sit down and focus on the professor.
B)Stare at the students who are staring out the window.
C)Look at each other and try to decide what is happening.
D)Stare out the window.

Question 28

What concept may explain why so many people are ultimately disappointed when they finally meet someone that they have been "dating" over the Internet?

A)Fundamental attribution error
B)Heightened expectations
C)Deindividuation
D)Social frustration

Question 29

A woman cared for a lost dog for several weeks before the vet informed her that it was actually a giant rat.This is an example of

A)attribution.
B)collective delusions.
C)conformity.
D)an urban legend.

Question 30

Zimbardo concluded from his Stanford prison study that prisoners and guards adopted their designated roles more easily than anyone might have imagined because of

A)conformity.
B)obedience.
C)influence.
D)deindividuation.

Question 31

The tendency of people to alter their behavior as a result of group influence is called

A)obediene.
B)attribution.
C)conformity.
D)social comparison.

Question 32

The emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking is called

A)deindividuation.
B)conformity.
C)obedience.
D)groupthink.

Question 33

You get on an elevator.Everyone is facing toward the front.You turn and also face toward the front.This is an example of

A)obedience.
B)comparison.
C)attribution.
D)conformity.

Question 34

The Bay of Pigs fiasco was the result of

A)mob action.
B)deindividuation.
C)blind obedience.
D)groupthink.

Question 35

Janet was in a meeting when she decided to purpose a new idea.The person next to her whispered "Don't rock the boat!" This is an example of

A)deindividuation.
B)conformity.
C)groupthink.
D)attribution.

Question 36

Link is on his first day as a construction worker.He notices that many of his coworkers have a tendency to whistle at women as they walk by,but this is a practice with which he does not agree.What factor would most likely keep him from joining in with the other guys?

A)If the other guys just ignored him
B)If he pretended not to notice the women who were walking by
C)If one of the other guys did not whistle as well
D)If he told the guys he didn't know how to whistle

Question 37

Based on research on differences in conformity,which of the following individuals would you most expect to conform to a group?

A)Patrick,an American male
B)Masami,a Japanese female
C)Beth,an American female
D)Marcel,a French male

Question 38

All of the following statements about deindividuation are true EXCEPT

A)Deindividuation makes us more likely to conform to whatever norms are present in the situation.
B)Deindividuation makes people more likely to engage in helping behavior when others are helping out.
C)Deindividuation typically makes us behave badly.
D)Deindividuation makes us perform more like a member of a group.

Question 39

Your friend Simon is about to go in and substitute in a sixth-grade classroom.If he wants to minimize any disruptive behavior,what should he do first?

A)Make large name tags for each of the students.
B)Outline his plan of discipline.
C)Ask the class to point out the troublemakers.
D)Have the principal accompany him to class.

Question 40

What is the moral or take-home message of Solomon Asch's series of experiments in which participants were asked to judge the lengths of lines? People will go to great lengths to

A)please people on whom they depend.
B)fit in with others.
C)assert their independence.
D)convince others of their points of view.

Question 41

Who is engaging in prosocial behavior?

A)Ethan helps his mom carry in the groceries.
B)Rashon tells his sister that he will play with her later.
C)Estefan ties his little brother's shoes for him.
D)Both A and C are correct.

Question 42

All of the following conclusions were reached based on the Milgram study EXCEPT

A)morally advanced subjects are more willing to defy the experimenter.
B)people with high levels of authoritarianism are more likely to comply with the experimenter's demands.
C)there were no differences between males and females.
D)Americans were more likely to obey the experimenter's commands than non-Americans.

Question 43

Guru Mana is the leader of the cult of "The Divine Purification of the Body." His members

A)are probably emotionally disturbed.
B)are probably brainwashed.
C)probably have had their beliefs permanently altered.
D)are probably psychologically normal.

Question 44

What do the following examples represent? Taking out the garbage,raising your hand in class,and buckling your seatbelt.

A)Conformity
B)Conditioning
C)Obligations
D)Obedience

Question 45

Research suggests that cults promote groupthink in all of the following ways EXCEPT

A)having a persuasive leader who fosters loyalty.
B)connecting group members to the outside world.
C)discouraging questioning of the group's or leader's assumptions.
D)utilizing training practices that gradually indoctrinate members.

Question 46

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Human nature is basically good.
B)Human nature is generally bad.
C)Human nature is a combination of both socially constructive and destructive tendencies.
D)Human nature exhibits either prosocial behavior or antisocial behavior but not both.

Question 47

The difference between conformity and obedience is

A)conformity involves influence from peers or colleagues,while obedience involves influence from authority.
B)conformity occurs to most anything,while obedience is unquestioning devotion to a single cause.
C)conformity is the result of inoculation,while obedience is the result of fear.
D)nonexistent; there is no difference.

Question 48

Who is most likely to follow orders?

A)Lars,who is accompanied by his commanding officer
B)Friedrich,whose commanding officer is on the phone
C)Jackson,whose commanding officer sent a text
D)Cam,whose commanding officer is flying in the jet beside him

Question 49

You are participating in an experiment that requires you to initially release minute amounts of a toxic gas into a chamber where subjects are trying to solve puzzles.However,with every mistake they make,you are instructed to release greater and greater amounts of the gas.What factor would most inhibit your willingness to continue on?

A)Proximity to the subjects
B)Screams and protests from the subjects
C)Being able to actually see the subjects
D)Where the study was taking place

Question 50

At a crowded park Kayla sees an old man clutching his heart and stumbling.If Kayla assumes that someone else will help the old man,she is experiencing the phenomenon known as

A)pluralistic ignorance.
B)social loafing.
C)diffusion of responsibility.
D)evaluation apprehension.

Question 51

The failure of many students to ask questions in class,despite not understanding the material,reflects what symptom of groupthink?

A)Conformity pressure
B)Mindguards
C)An illusion of group invulnerability
D)Both A and C are correct.

Question 52

Norman's son tells him he wants to start smoking.Initially,Norman talks about how cool it is to smoke,and how the girls will probably fall all over him.Then,he mentions that maybe if the only reason someone likes you is because you smoke,there may be something wrong; or if you find someone you really like and you die prematurely from smoking,it really won't matter anyway.What is Norman attempting to do?

A)Emancipate his son.
B)Discourage his son.
C)Inoculate his son.
D)Disengage his son.

Question 53

A guy just walked by the sorority house.All the other girls thought he was cute,but Jill didn't think so.What is she likely to say when they ask her opinion?

A)He wasn't very cute.
B)He was cute.
C)She didn't get a good look at him.
D)She will refuse to answer.

Question 54

It is the holiday season,and as you are about to enter the department store,you notice a person out front,ringing a bell and asking for donations.What factor will make you most likely to donate?

A)If you truly support the charity
B)If you are walking in with a group of people
C)If you are walking in alone
D)If you have any money in your wallet

Question 55

The more people that are present at an emergency,the less each individual feels responsible for the consequences of not helping.This is known as

A)pluralistic ignorance.
B)groupthink.
C)obedience.
D)diffusion of responsibility.

Question 56

Gerald has just been hired as a manager of a company.His wants to solicit ideas from his new employees on how the company could be improved.What would you recommend he do?

A)Call a board meeting and invite employees to share their ideas.
B)Talk to each employee individually.
C)Ask each employee to write down their suggestions and submit them.
D)Both B and C are correct.

Question 57

You are participating in an experiment that requires you to initially release minute amounts of a toxic gas into a chamber where subjects are trying to solve puzzles.However,with every mistake they make,you are instructed to release greater and greater amounts of the gas.What factor would increase your willingness to continue on?

A)You didn't have to see the subjects.
B)You could have someone else release the gas.
C)You didn't have to hear the screams of the subjects.
D)All would equally increase your willingness to continue.

Question 58

__________ is the treatment in which people are first introduced to the reasons why a belief seems to be correct,and then exposed to the reasons why the belief is incorrect.

A)Brainwashing
B)Groupthink
C)The bystander effect
D)Inoculation

Question 59

A group of individuals who exhibit intense and unquestioning devotion to a single cause is known as

A)groupthink.
B)a cult.
C)social comparison.
D)conformity.

Question 60

Which of the following statements is most likely to contribute to groupthink?

A)"Let's hear some differing opinions."
B)"What do you think?"
C)"I'm sure we all agree on this."
D)"We need to look at all of the evidence."

Question 61

Ashton is the strongest kid in your school.When it is time for the tug-of-war competition,everyone wants him on their team.However,once the competition begins,Ashton's team loses three straight matches in a row.What is the most likely explanation?

A)Social loafing
B)Social disruption
C)Social facilitation
D)Social laziness

Question 62

Which of the following statements is true about brainstorming?

A)More heads are better than one.
B)Brainstorming groups come up with better ideas than individuals.
C)Group brainstorming generally results in ideas that are less creative than does individual brainstorming.
D)None of the ideas is true.

Question 63

Who is LEAST likely to be aggressive?

A)Cody,a Southerner who has just been insulted by a neighbor
B)Juan,who just watched a daylong marathon of slasher movies
C)Donall,who has been drinking heavily at a bar
D)Shoshone,who lives in Anchorage,Alaska

Question 64

Gerrit saw an elderly woman crossing the street and decided to help.This could be seen as

A)social facilitation.
B)altruism.
C)sandbagging.
D)positive psychology.

Question 65

Who is engaging in relational aggression?

A)Sarabeth,who is telling her friend how silly another girl looked at the dance
B)Martine,who is practicing karate with a friend and accidently kicks her in the shin
C)Tad,who is holding down his little brother so he can't tell on him for breaking the window
D)Emma,who hit Alfredo on the arm with her lacrosse stick because he called her fat

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT a situational influence on why we hurt others?

A)Interpersonal provocation
B)Inhibitions from alcohol
C)High arousal
D)Low temperatures

Question 67

Research has shown that there are gender differences in aggression.These findings suggest that

A)higher levels of testosterone may produce more outward aggression in males.
B)males are likely to engage in more relational aggression than females.
C)males engage in more indirect aggression than females.
D)females are more likely to be affected by high temperatures than males.

Question 68

In which of the following situations is the person more likely to be helped?

A)A young woman is being mugged while people are watching from their bedroom windows.
B)An old woman with a cane trips and falls while crossing an isolated street.
C)An angry mob watches while an old man is attacked by a dog.
D)A woman collapses on the sidewalk of a crowded street.

Question 69

Who is most likely to react aggressively?

A)Kato,who rode the bus to school
B)Kimberly,who lost her keys this morning and was late to work
C)Lila,who rode her bike to school
D)Both B and C are correct.

Question 70

You are sitting in your psychology class as smoke begins to pour through the air vent.What are you most likely to do?

A)Leave the classroom immediately.
B)Wait for the fire alarm to go off.
C)Look at other students' reactions.
D)Wait for the professor to dismiss you.

Question 71

Penelope has just been appointed leader of a group project in her psychology class.What would you recommend she do to elicit optimal contributions from each member of the group?

A)Offer to do the work herself,and then have each member check over it.
B)Request that each member volunteer to be responsible for their area of expertise.
C)Volunteer to accept a group grade for the project as opposed to individual grades.
D)Assign each member a specific task that will not be carried out by anyone else.

Question 72

Who is most likely to stop and help an elderly woman pick up the groceries she just dropped?

A)Leo,who is an introvert
B)Tina,a classmate from your psychology class
C)John,who is in a lousy mood
D)Both A and B are correct.

Question 73

Most subjects in the Milgram study said they would be willing to continue,but would not be held accountable for their actions.What were they engaging in?

A)Disobedience
B)Deindividuation
C)Pluralistic ignorance
D)Diffusion of responsibility

Question 74

Helping others for unselfish reasons is called

A)altruism.
B)egoism.
C)situationalism.
D)influentialism.

Question 75

Which of the following people would be most likely to come to the aid of another?

A)Someone who read about bystander intervention research
B)A member of a crowd
C)Someone in a hurry
D)Someone concerned about social approval

Question 76

Jack and Jill are working on a school project together.Jill does almost all the work because Jack hardly contributed anything.The tendency to work less in groups is known as

A)diffusion of responsibility.
B)groupthink.
C)social loafing.
D)altruism.

Question 77

Who is more likely to engage in physical aggression?

A)Cameron,who was raised in North Dakota
B)Mao Lin,who was raised in Beijing,China
C)Beau,who was raised in Savannah,Georgia
D)Tanaka,who was raised in Tokyo,Japan

Question 78

One reason group brainstorming is less effective than individual brainstorming is

A)self-handicapping.
B)diffusion of responsibility.
C)social loafing.
D)pluralistic ignorance.

Question 79

Amanda,Lola,Jonas,and Roderigo have been assigned a group project.Amanda ends up doing most of the work while the others receive the same grade as she.This is an example of

A)the bystander effect.
B)social loafing.
C)pluralistic ignorance.
D)diffusion of responsibility.

Question 80

If you were being attacked,where would you likely receive the most assistance?

A)In the stands of a football game
B)Inside a convenience store
C)At a concert
D)On the side of the road