Deck 15: Crowd Control: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

Question 1

A tumor that arose in a BALB/c mouse is transplanted into a C57BL/6 mouse but does not form a tumor in the latter.This is most likely due to differences between strains in

A)Plasma cells.
B)Helper T cells.
C)MHC proteins.
D)Complement.
E)Macrophages.

Answer 1

MHC proteins.

Question 2

Which of the following types of cells are antigen-presenting cells?

A)Lymphocytes
B)Dendritic cells
C)Macrophages
D)Red blood cells
E)B and C

Answer 2

B and C

Question 3

Tumor cells were grown in a BALB/c mouse,then were collected and irradiated and injected into a second BALB/c mouse.No tumor formed in the second mouse from the irradiated cells.If non-irradiated cells from the same tumor were later injected into this second mouse,what would you expect to happen?

A)A tumor would form at the injection site.
B)No tumor would form.
C)An even more aggressive tumor than the original would form at the injection
Site.
D)The mouse would have a severe autoimmune reaction.
E)None of the above.

Answer 3

No tumor would form.

Question 4

Which of the following typically occurs in HER2+ breast cancer cells in response to treatment with Herceptin?

A)Levels of phosphorylated Akt decrease.
B)Transphosphorylation of the HER3 receptor by HER2 tyrosine kinase is reduced.
C)Phosphorylation of PRAS is reduced.
D)Cells become more sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy.
E)All of the above.

Question 5

Although cancer cells often express many of the same proteins on their surfaces as normal cells,they sometimes initiate an immune response by

A)Overexpressing normal surface proteins.
B)Expressing proteins that are inappropriate for a nonembryonic cell.
C)Expressing proteins in cell types or anatomical locations in which the proteins are not usually expressed.
D)A,B,and C.
E)None of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following is a mechanism by which the immune response directs the killing of cancer cells?

A)Attachment of complement to an antibody-coated cell.
B)Macrophages and natural killer cells kill the cancer cells.
C)Cytotoxic T cells kill the cells.
D)A,B,and C.
E)None of the above.

Question 7

CD47,expressed on the surface of many types of cancer cells,acts to

A)Promote cancer cell death by macrophages.
B)Protect the cancer cell from death by the host immune system.
C)Allow normal cells to be protected from the immune system.
D)B and C.
E)None of the above.

Question 8

Immunocompromised individuals have significantly increased rates of

A)All cancers.
B)Chemical carcinogen-induced cancers.
C)Virus-induced cancers.
D)B and C.
E)None of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of immunoevasion known to be utilized by cancer cells?

A)Destruction of receptors for immune cells.
B)Release of soluble FasL.
C)Neutralization of toxins within the cell.
D)Activation of complement.
E)Up-regulation of CD47 on the cell surface.

Question 10

Which of the following is an immunoevasive strategy used by cancer cells for protection from the immune response?

A)Release of TGF-β and Fas-L
B)Suppression of tumor-associated antigens
C)Generation of weakly antigenic variants
D)A,B,and C
E)None of the above

Question 11

The antigen-binding domains of an antibody molecule are made up of the

A)Constant domains.
B)Variable domains.
C)Hinge domains.
D)Tetramer domains.
E)None of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of natural killer cells?

A)They require prior exposure to pathogens to be able to inactivate them.
B)They are involved in the innate immune response.
C)They recognize cell surface proteins on a number of cancer cells.
D)They are able to recruit additional cells to attack the target cell.
E)They release IFN-γ.