Deck 3: The Family in Historical Perspective

Question 1

The colonial family was all of the following EXCEPT a

A)self-sufficient business.
B)school.
C)vocational institute.
D)domestic haven that nurtured family members.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

During colonial times,women who succeeded in getting an education

A)were often ridiculed.
B)found jobs as publishers or store managers.
C)bought property and had access to credit.
D)were no longer expected to attend to household chores.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following was NOT grounds for a divorce in the American colonies?

A)impotence.
B)adultery.
C)bigamy.
D)incompatibility.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In terms of personal relationships between husbands and wives in the colonial period,which of the following statements is true?

A)Women and men had egalitarian relationships.
B)A man's social status came from having a good wife.
C)Women were subordinate to men.
D)Men and women were told to obey each other to have a good marriage.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons the economic roles of women,especially wives,were severely limited during colonial times?

A)They had little access to credit.
B)They could not sue to collect debts.
C)They often owned land that was too small to farm.
D)They were rarely chosen as executors of wills.

Question 6

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the education of children in the colonies?

A)Colonial girls and boys were both expected to pursue a formal education.
B)In many colonies,girls received more formal education than boys.
C)Boys and girls attended school together.
D)Colonial girls received little formal education.

Question 7

The New England custom in which a young man and woman,both fully dressed,spent the night in a bed together,separated by a wooden board,was called

A)camping.
B)dating.
C)bundling.
D)swaddling.

Question 8

In general,divorce among Zunis and Tetons was

A)not accepted.
B)not necessary as there was no formal marriage.
C)unknown.
D)easy to accomplish and fairly common.

Question 9

Within forty years of their arrival in Plymouth,many colonists felt that their families were

A)better off because of their move to the new world.
B)healthier and stronger because all members of the family were able to work.
C)disintegrating as parents became less responsible and children became less respectful.
D)stronger,with members more willing to help and support each other.

Question 10

Of the almost 7 million women who were employed outside their homes during World War II,the majority were

A)single.
B)married.
C)divorced.
D)widowed.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the roles that many American Indian women play?

A)merchants
B)chiefs
C)politicians
D)warriors

Question 12

In Puritan communities,a husband's infidelity was not documented as often as a wife's infidelity because

A)husbands were seldom unfaithful.
B)a husband's infidelity was considered "normal."
C)cheating husbands were less likely to get caught.
D)wives did not want their husbands publicly embarrassed.

Question 13

The family structure that was most prevalent in the first settlements in the United States was

A)nuclear.
B)multigenerational.
C)single parent.
D)multifamily.

Question 14

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about premarital sex during colonial times?

A)It did occur but rarely.
B)It never happened.
C)It was common especially among the engaged.
D)It was encouraged.

Question 15

Puritans believed children were born

A)innocent.
B)blank slates.
C)with original sin.
D)docile.

Question 16

Whereas Northern colonial families settled in villages,Southern families settled

A)in cities.
B)on isolated plantations and farms.
C)in larger towns and counties.
D)infrequently,preferring to travel from town to town.

Question 17

Throughout most American Indian groups,children were treated

A)harshly.
B)with kindness and love.
C)as if they were small adults.
D)with disinterest.

Question 18

According to Farber,there were three social classes found in Salem in the years 1790 to 1810.They were

A)the merchant class,the artisan class,and the laboring class.
B)the bourgeoisie,the proletariat,and the petty bourgeoisie.
C)the capitalists,the workers,and the small business owners.
D)the kings,the nobles,and the serfs.

Question 19

In most cases,American Indian women married after they reached __________ and American Indian men married after they __________.

A)adulthood; showed maturity
B)adulthood; were released from their parents
C)puberty; had shown the ability to provide for a family
D)puberty; found a suitable spouse

Question 20

Which of the following was one of the rules for children's behavior during colonial times?

A)Children had to remember to lock up the house when they left.
B)Children were required to pick up their toys when play-time was over.
C)Children could not leave the house without their parents' permission.
D)Children were required to call their parents by their first names.

Question 21

The concept of __________ stresses male attributes such as dominance,assertiveness,pride,and sexual prowess.

A)familism
B)machismo
C)compadrazgo
D)breadwinning

Question 22

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A)provided for the sale of land to Mexican families.
B)guaranteed the security of Mexican property after the U.S.annexation of Mexican territory.
C)called for the confiscation of Mexican land.
D)promised land to Native American farmers.

Question 23

A "mammy" is an African American woman who,during slavery,

A)took care of the plantation owner's children.
B)did the cooking for the field hands.
C)cooked food for people in the big house.
D)took care of field workers' children.

Question 24

Thomas Jefferson

A)wrote in favor of slavery.
B)supported slavery privately.
C)owned no slaves.
D)supported intermarriage between whites and Africans.

Question 25

After emancipation,

A)few mothers set out to find children from whom they had been separated.
B)few couples bothered to legitimize their marriages.
C)migrants to the North made extensive efforts to maintain family ties.
D)kinship ties weakened.

Question 26

Among Mexican Americans,the relationships between godparents and godchildren was

A)important but distant.
B)unimportant.
C)warm and affectionate.
D)only ceremonial.

Question 27

In 1848,after territory that was originally Mexican was annexed by the United States,many Mexican families

A)became wealthy by selling their land to American farmers.
B)moved to northern cities to find a better life.
C)lost their land to the federal government and land speculators.
D)were helped by the federal government to buy homes.

Question 28

During the 1800s,Mexican women worked

A)as miners.
B)on rail roads.
C)in canning and packing houses.
D)as ranchers.

Question 29

In colonial times,it was difficult for a slave to find a spouse because

A)most slaves did not want to marry another slave.
B)there were few slaves on most plantations which were also far apart.
C)many slaves preferred to live together rather than marry.
D)more female slaves were brought to the colonies than male slaves.

Question 30

Mexican society was characterized by __________; that is,family relationships took precedence over individual well-being.

A)familism.
B)co-dependency.
C)machismo.
D)procreation.

Question 31

Among Mexican American families,the practice in which close relationships were established and maintained among parents,children,and the children's godparents is called

A)familism.
B)compadrazgo.
C)machismo.
D)cloistering.

Question 32

Among Mexican American families,

A)boys did not do domestic chorses.
B)girls were expected to become educated.
C)children were not socialized according to gender.
D)girls were severely restricted in their social relationships outside the home.

Question 33

A supernatural experience in which a "spirit" instructs a young boy on his adult responsibilities and which involved fasting and isolation is called a

A)seance.
B)walk-about.
C)vision quest.
D)exorcism rite.

Question 34

In the South,most slave women worked

A)in the house.
B)as contract laborers.
C)as domestic servants.
D)in the fields.

Question 35

During the 1800s,many Mexican men worked as

A)garment manufacturers.
B)house servants.
C)cooks.
D)railway workers and miners.

Question 36

In the second wave of immigration from 1882 to 1930,most immigrants were from

A)Russia,Greece,Poland,Italy,Austria,and Hungary.
B)Central and South America and the West Indies.
C)England,Ireland,Scandinavia,and Germany.
D)Mexico,Cuba,and Puerto Rico.

Question 37

Many American Indian tribes became extinct as a result of

A)an inability to industrialize.
B)massacre and disease.
C)too many individuals remaining unmarried.
D)a refusal to switch from hunting to farming.

Question 38

One example of the historical misrepresentation of African American families is the portrayal of African American males as

A)domineering.
B)powerless.
C)unskilled.
D)unintelligent.

Question 39

According to a study by Gutman of 21 urban and rural communities in the south between 1855 and 1880,most African American women were heads of households because

A)their husbands had died.
B)they had never married.
C)they refused to be subordinate to their husbands.
D)their husbands had deserted them.

Question 40

In the first of two massive waves of immigration,between 1830 and 1882,most immigrants were from

A)Russia,Greece,Poland,Italy,Austria,and Hungary.
B)Central and South America and the West Indies.
C)England,Ireland,Scandinavia,and Germany.
D)Mexico,Cuba,and Puerto Rico.

Question 41

Because much of the housing available to immigrants had no ventilation,many immigrants contracted

A)measles
B)tuberculosis.
C)mental illnesses.
D)small pox.

Question 42

Most immigrant women worked in the paid labor force because they

A)wanted to start on careers in their new country.
B)needed to support their families as men's wages were low.
C)were considered the bread winners in their families.
D)found housework boring.

Question 43

The concept of "true womanhood" redefined the role of wife from workmate to

A)protector.
B)nurturer and caregiver.
C)educator.
D)discipliner.

Question 44

During the Great Depression,many rural people moved to cities in hopes of finding jobs.Young women were most likely to find jobs there because

A)there was a demand for low-paying domestic help.
B)rural women were more adept at factory work.
C)there was a demand for inexpensive lay-midwives.
D)women were perceived as more productive than men.

Question 45

By the end of the 17th

A)began to erode as fathers had less land to divide among their sons.
B)increased as children became more dependent on their fathers for economic support.
C)decreased as fathers abandoned their families for work in the cities.
C),fathers' control over their children
D)was supported by physicians who urged parents to physically punish their children.

Question 46

In the first large wave of immigration in the late 1800s,paid middlemen arranged for the shipment of immigrants to waiting industries.For example,Asian immigrants were channeled into

A)western railroads.
B)public works projects.
C)Pennsylvania mines.
D)shipyard work.

Question 47

During the Golden Fifties

A)women were encouraged to work outside of the home.
B)ads depicted women as happy housewives totally engrossed by the latest consumer product.
C)the media portrayed working-class women as diligent and patriotic.
D)an increase in the use of efficient household appliances allowed women more time to work outside the home.

Question 48

The words,"Give me your tired,your poor,your huddled masses yearning to breathe free..." appear on which of the following monuments?

A)the Washington Monument
B)Mount Rushmore
C)the Vietnam Memorial
D)the Statue of Liberty

Question 49

During the Great Depression,white middle-class women maintained their family's standard of living by

A)working as domestics.
B)spending less on household items.
C)working in canning factories.
D)working in white-collar clerical jobs.

Question 50

With the emergence of the companionate family,

A)married couples increasingly stressed the importance of mutual affection,sexual attraction,and compatibility in their relationships.
B)affection between parents and children lessened as more emphasis was put on the adult relationship.
C)parents supervised their children very closely in order to protect them.
D)financial considerations became more important as a basis for marriage.

Question 51

A year after the end of World War II,divorce rates

A)reached a new high,in part due to an increase in alcoholism among returning veterans.
B)reached a new low as families reunited and returned to peaceful living.
C)remained steady,as marriages that were likely to fail had already done so before the war.
D)decreased dramatically as economic conditions improved and families returned to their traditional roles.

Question 52

During World War II,black women

A)took over the domestic work left by other women.
B)made the least economic gains of all women,as they were often paid less.
C)had difficulty finding jobs due to prejudice and discrimination.
D)were recruited into high-paying jobs.

Question 53

Marriage and child care expert Dr.Benjamin Spock told women to

A)be assertive and demand that their husbands participate in child care.
B)refrain from setting up too many rules for husbands and children.
C)please their husbands and be full-time homemakers.
D)get a college education in order to be better wives and mothers.

Question 54

Although some social scientists maintain that the modern family emerged around 1830,others believe that the rise of the __________ family in the twentieth century ushered in the modern family.

A)companionate
B)extended
C)conjugal
D)blended

Question 55

Which of the following is an accurate statement about immigrant women and work at the turn of the century?

A)Only a few industries employed women.
B)Women in the tobacco industry had better working conditions than the men who worked there.
C)Many industries were eager to hire women "just off the boat" who would work for low wages.
D)In most industries,men and women worked side by side.

Question 56

The Industrial Revolution lead to extensive mechanization,which

A)enabled more people to work at home.
B)helped families more efficiently produce their own goods.
C)increased the need for the family farm.
D)shifted home manufacturing to large scale factory production.

Question 57

Why were American women encouraged to work outside of the home during World War II?

A)The second wave of the feminist movement was starting and women were finally seen as capable workers
B)There was a scarcity of workers because men had been drafted.
C)There wasn't much to do in the homes since men were gone.
D)They would work as volunteers saving money for war time industries.

Question 58

Which of the following statements is true concerning housing for immigrants?

A)There was a lack of decent housing in densely populated cities.
B)Most families lived in very small apartments with only two bedrooms and a kitchen.
C)Immigrant families moved in together in order to afford larger houses.
D)Most couples did not have children and therefore needed less room.

Question 59

In what way did the Great Depression wreak havoc with gender roles?

A)Men who lost their jobs often suffered a decline in status within the family.
B)Women were often paid more than men which gave them more status in the family.
C)Many occupations preferred to hire married women over married men.
D)Women spent much of their time searching for jobs leaving little time to care for their families.

Question 60

How families fared during the Great Depression depended on their

A)residence,whether urban or rural.
B)race and sex.
C)social class.
D)all of the above.

Question 61

Most female slaves worked in the Master's house rather than in the fields.

Question 62

Thomas Jefferson freed all of his slaves in his will.

Question 63

The colonial family performed a variety of functions including schooling,religious worship,and corrections of nonviolent offenders.

Question 64

In Mexican American families,familism dictated that family relationships took precedence over individual well-being.

Question 65

After emancipation,most African Americans who migrated to the north lost all contact with their families in the south.

Question 66

As it was very important to Mexican American families to have their daughters get married,girls attended many social events to meet eligible young men.

Question 67

In the colonial family,marital relationships were egalitarian in which men and women worked side by side and shared authority in the family.

Question 68

The first African Americans were brought to the new world as indentured servants.

Question 69

Most Native American families were small because of high infant and child death rates.

Question 70

The majority of women who were employed during World War II were married.

Question 71

In Native American families,grandparents play an active role in educating children.

Question 72

Compared with contemporary children,colonial children had a lot of freedom to roam around and explore their environment while their parents were working.

Question 73

When necessary,men in the colonial family cared for and disciplined the children while women worked in the fields.

Question 74

The extended family structure was the most prevalent family form both in England and in the first settlements in the United States.

Question 75

The majority of Native American societies were matrilineal.

Question 76

Adult male slaves often served as surrogate fathers to many children,both blood relatives and others.

Question 77

In Mexican American families,women were the guardians of family traditions even though many mothers worked outside the home because of economic necessity.

Question 78

Puritans believed that the community had the right to intervene in families that did not perform their duties properly.

Question 79

Most African American women during slavery were heads of households because they had never married.

Question 80

To ensure that slaves would remain on the plantations and bear future slaves,may owners encouraged them to marry and have large families.