Deck 72: Poisons and Antidotes

Question 1

A client has accidentally taken an excessive dose of warfarin sodium.Which of the following drugs should the nurse anticipate will be ordered as an antidote?

A) Pyridoxine
B) Physostigmine sulfate
C) Phytonadione
D) Pralidoxime

Answer 1

Phytonadione

Question 2

An unusual type of poisoning has resulted from the increasing use of

A) vegetable dyes and herbal supplements in snack foods.
B) synthetic chemicals used in cosmetic products and nutraceuticals.
C) miniature button or disk batteries in electronic games and equipment.
D) aerosol allergens in household cleaning products and disinfectants.

Answer 2

miniature button or disk batteries in electronic games and equipment.

Question 3

Although not a preferred treatment modality,the approximate dosage of syrup of ipecac for a 3-year-old child suspected of accidental acetaminophen (Tylenol)overdosage would be

A) 3 mL.
B) 5 mL.
C) 10 mL.
D) 15 mL.

Answer 3

15 mL.

Question 4

The nurse would not assess dilated pupils in a client who has overdosed on which of the following drugs?

A) Amphetamines
B) Atropine
C) Barbiturates
D) Opioids

Question 5

Signs and symptoms associated with methyl alcohol poisoning that the nurse would detect include which of the following?

A) Vomiting
B) Tremors
C) Tachypnea
D) Euphoria

Question 6

A client has overdosed on a drug that is an anticholinergic neuromuscular blocker.Which of the following drugs should the nurse anticipate will be ordered as an antidote?

A) Pyridoxine
B) Physostigmine sulfate
C) Phytonadione
D) Pralidoxime

Question 7

The emergency department nurse learns that a client will be arriving who has experienced poisoning with the heavy metal copper.The nurse anticipates that which of the following drugs will be used as an antidote?

A) Trientine
B) Dimercaprol
C) D-penicillamine
D) Edetate calcium disodium

Question 8

Poisoning with an organophosphate insecticide may be treated with atropine and

A) epinephrine.
B) propranolol (Inderal).
C) bethanechol (Urecholine).
D) 2-PAM (Pralidoxime).

Question 9

Which of the following conditions would contraindicate gastric lavage?

A) Central nervous system poison ingestion
B) Age older than 60 years
C) Sedative accidental poisoning
D) Presence of cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 10

Nurses may be confronted with childhood poisonings in many ways.Clues to poisoning typically include which of the following?

A) Decreased sweating
B) Severe nausea and vomiting
C) Constipation
D) Polyuria

Question 11

A child presents to the emergency department with questionable poisoning.He exhibits cyanosis,pulmonary edema,vomiting,abdominal pain,diarrhea,and coagulation defects.These symptoms are commonly associated with poisoning from

A) diuretics.
B) iron preparations.
C) vitamin B.
D) laxatives.

Question 12

What is the nurse's responsibility when obtaining specimens from suspected poisonings?

A) Place all specimens next to the heater
B) Refrigerate all specimens in an open container
C) Refrigerate all specimens in a closed container
D) Keep all specimens at room temperature in an open container

Question 13

Which of the following drugs in the emergency department could not be used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning?

A) Amyl nitrate
B) Methylene blue
C) Succimer (Chemet)
D) Sodium thiosulfate

Question 14

The hospitalized client has received an excessive dose of insulin.Which of the following drugs should the nurse ensure is available on the nursing unit for use as an antidote?

A) Glucagon
B) Pyridoxine
C) Leucovorin
D) Naloxone

Question 15

Seizures commonly occur with the overdose of which of the following medications?

A) Heavy metals
B) Cyanide
C) Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
D) Plants (poison hemlock)

Question 16

The nurse would select from the medication storage area which of the following drugs to be used as an antidote for a client who has excessively high levels of heparin?

A) Protamine sulfate
B) Pyridoxine
C) Penicillamine
D) Prednisone

Question 17

The nurse is aware that,in addition to administering antidotes,which of the following may also be used to treat a client who has toxins in his or her system?

A) Exposure to ultraviolet light
B) Administration of antiemetics
C) Renal dialysis
D) Nutritional support

Question 18

The emergency department nurse learns that a client will be arriving who has experienced poisoning with the heavy metal iron.The nurse anticipates that which of the following drugs will be used as an antidote?

A) Trientine
B) Dimercaprol
C) D-penicillamine
D) Edetate calcium disodium

Question 19

The most commonly identified substances that are accidentally ingested by children who are younger than 6 years are

A) pesticides.
B) gasoline.
C) paints.
D) cosmetics.

Question 20

The emergency department nurse learns that a client will be arriving who has experienced poisoning with the heavy metal gold.The nurse anticipates that which of the following drugs will be used as an antidote?

A) Trientine
B) Dimercaprol
C) D-penicillamine
D) Edetate calcium disodium

Question 21

The hospitalized client has received an excessive dose of isoniazid.Which of the following drugs should the nurse ensure is available on the nursing unit for use as an antidote?

A) Glucagon
B) Pyridoxine
C) Leucovorin
D) Naloxone

Question 22

The hospitalized client has received an excessive dose of methotrexate.Which of the following drugs should the nurse ensure is available on the nursing unit for use as an antidote?

A) Glucagon
B) Pyridoxine
C) Leucovorin
D) Naloxone

Question 23

The hospitalized client has received an excessive dose of morphine sulfate.Which of the following drugs should the nurse ensure is available on the nursing unit for use as an antidote?

A) Glucagon
B) Pyridoxine
C) Leucovorin
D) Naloxone