Deck 17: Respiratory System

Question 1

The exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood is called

A) cellular respiration.
B) external respiration.
C) internal respiration.
D) pulmonary ventilation.

Answer 1

external respiration.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a respiratory organ?

A) Larynx
B) Diaphragm
C) Bronchi
D) Nose

Answer 2

Diaphragm

Question 3

Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory tract?

A) Trachea
B) Larynx
C) Bronchi
D) Lungs

Answer 3

Larynx

Question 4

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

A) Trachea
B) Larynx
C) Pharynx
D) Nose

Question 5

The movement of air into and out of the lung is called

A) cellular respiration.
B) external respiration.
C) internal respiration.
D) pulmonary ventilation.

Question 6

The two phases of pulmonary ventilation are

A) inspiration and expiration.
B) external respiration and internal respiration.
C) external respiration and cellular respiration.
D) internal respiration and cellular respiration.

Question 7

Which structure does not drain into the nasal cavity?

A) Ethmoid sinus
B) Eustachian tube
C) Frontal sinus
D) Lacrimal sacs

Question 8

Which volume of air is not included in the vital capacity?

A) Tidal volume
B) Residual volume
C) Inspiratory reserve volume
D) Expiratory reserve volume

Question 9

The exchange of gases between the cells and the blood is called

A) cellular respiration.
B) external respiration.
C) internal respiration.
D) pulmonary ventilation.

Question 10

Which of the following does not directly assist in the exchange of gases between blood and the air?

A) Thin walls of the alveoli
B) Thin walls of the capillaries in the lung
C) Viscosity of the respiratory mucosa
D) Alveolar surface area

Question 11

Cartilage is a component of all of the following except

A) primary bronchi.
B) secondary bronchi.
C) bronchioles.
D) trachea.

Question 12

The use of oxygen for cell metabolism is called

A) cellular respiration.
B) external respiration.
C) internal respiration.
D) pulmonary ventilation.

Question 13

The respiratory mucosa

A) helps trap contaminants found in inspired air.
B) acts as a thin barrier between the blood capillaries and alveoli.
C) helps humidify inspired air.
D) both A and C.

Question 14

The amount of air that can be forcibly taken in after normally inhaling is called _____ volume.

A) tidal
B) residual
C) inspiratory reserve
D) expiratory reserve

Question 15

Which structure is not a part of the larynx?

A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Vocal cords
C) Epiglottis
D) Eustachian tube

Question 16

Which of the following is not a subdivision of the pharynx?

A) Tracheopharynx
B) Nasopharynx
C) Oropharynx
D) Laryngopharynx

Question 17

Internal respiration requires a higher oxygen concentration in the _____ than in the _____.

A) blood; lungs
B) blood; cells
C) cells; blood
D) lungs; blood

Question 18

Which of the following bones does not contain a paranasal sinus?

A) Ethmoid
B) Mandible
C) Maxilla
D) Frontal

Question 19

Another term for nostrils is

A) nasal cavities
B) nasal septum
C) external nares
D) internal nares

Question 20

External respiration requires a higher oxygen concentration in the _____ than in the _____.

A) blood; lungs
B) blood; cells
C) cells; blood
D) lungs; blood

Question 21

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Tubes that branch from the trachea and contain cartilage as part of their structure

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 22

Critically ill patients often experience a repetitive cycle of alternating hyperventilation and apnea called

A) apnea.
B) dyspnea.
C) eupnea.
D) Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

Question 23

The shelflike structures that protrude into the nasal cavity on each side are called

A) nasal septa.
B) conchae.
C) turbinates.
D) both B and C.

Question 24

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structures in which gas exchange between the blood and air in the lungs takes place

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 25

Which is a broad term to describe conditions of progressive, irreversible obstruction of expiratory airflow?

A) Asthma
B) Emphysema
C) Bronchitis
D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 26

The respiratory tree includes all of the following except

A) bronchioles.
B) trachea.
C) right and left bronchi.
D) All of the above are a part of the respiratory tree.

Question 27

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structure, also known as the windpipe, that connects the larynx and bronchi

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 28

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
A thin membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and covers the lungs

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 29

The total surface area of all the alveoli in the lungs would be about _____ m².

A) 58
B) 84
C) 250
D) 520

Question 30

Chemoreceptors that help regulate breathing can be found in the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) carotid artery.
C) aorta.
D) both B and C.

Question 31

The two most important respiratory control centers for regulating breathing are located in which part of the brain?

A) Medulla
B) Pons
C) Cerebral cortex
D) Cerebellum

Question 32

A collapse or incomplete expansion of a lung for any reason is called

A) pneumothorax.
B) hemothorax.
C) atelectasis.
D) pleurisy.

Question 33

Besides air distribution and gas exchange, the respiratory organs

A) facilitate the sense of olfaction.
B) filter inhaled air.
C) warm inhaled air.
D) all of the above.

Question 34

The vocal cords are found in the

A) larynx.
B) oropharynx.
C) laryngopharynx.
D) trachea.

Question 35

Labored or difficult breathing is referred to as

A) apnea.
B) dyspnea.
C) eupnea.
D) Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

Question 36

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
A thin layer of tissue that separates the air in the lungs from the blood in the lung capillaries

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 37

Normal breathing is referred to as

A) apnea.
B) dyspnea.
C) eupnea.
D) Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

Question 38

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structure to which the auditory tubes from the middle ear lead; also called the throat

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 39

Croup is a type of

A) rhinitis.
B) pharyngitis.
C) laryngitis.
D) epiglottitis.

Question 40

All of the following are true of the trachea except

A) it is lined with a respiratory mucosa that produces mucus that continuously moves upward.
B) its framework is composed of 15 to 20 C-shaped cartilage rings.
C) it is also called the windpipe.
D) All of the above are true of the trachea.

Question 41

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
An incomplete expansion or collapse of a lung for any reason

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 42

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The sum of tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and inspiratory reserve volume

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 43

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Small air distribution tubes that have walls without cartilage

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 44

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
How most of the oxygen is carried in the blood

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 45

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The movement of air into and out of the lungs

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 46

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
A membrane that lines most of the tubes of the air distribution system

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 47

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structures that stimulate an increase in breathing when there is too little oxygen in the blood, too much carbon dioxide in the blood, or a drop in pH in the blood

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 48

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structure that the primary bronchi enter

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 49

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
A life-threatening condition caused by a lack of surfactant in the lung that affects premature infants

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 50

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
A life-threatening upper respiratory infection caused by a Hib infection that often strikes children between the ages of 3 and 7

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 51

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
A broad term used to describe conditions of progressive, irreversible obstruction of expiratory airflow

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 52

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
How most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the blood

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 53

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
A chronic inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 54

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the tissues

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 55

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Prevent damage to the lung from overinflation by inhibiting inspiration

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 56

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The amount of air moved in and out of the lung during normal breathing

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 57

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
Structure that contains the vocal cords

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchi
C)Alveoli
D)Respiratory mucosa
E)Respiratory membrane
F)Bronchioles
G)Lung
H)Trachea
I)Pleura
J)Larynx

Question 58

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
Inflammation or swelling of the nasal mucosa

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 59

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lung

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 60

Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition or description.
The amount of air left in the lungs after the most forceful expiration

A)Oxyhemoglobin
B)Vital capacity
C)Pulmonary ventilation
D)Chemoreceptors
E)Tidal volume
F)External respiration
G)Bicarbonate ion
H)Residual volume
I)Internal respiration
J)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Question 61

What is the respiratory mucosa?

Question 62

Explain why the number of tonsillectomies has dropped in recent years.

Question 63

Explain the function of the cilia that line the respiratory air distribution system. Explain the effect of cigarette smoking on the cilia and why the smoke is particularly harmful to the smoker.

Question 64

What is the respiratory membrane? Why is it so important that this membrane be thin?

Question 65

Describe rhinitis. What are some of its causes?

Question 66

Describe the structure and location of the primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, and bronchioles.

Question 67

What is the cause of infant respiratory distress syndrome? Who is most at risk, and how is it treated?

Question 68

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
Another term for a nosebleed

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 69

What is laryngitis? What is epiglottitis? Who is most at risk for these, and what are the symptoms?

Question 70

Describe the structure of the trachea.

Question 71

Briefly describe the structure of the nose. Describe the paranasal sinuses and their function.

Question 72

Explain how the structure of the alveoli increases the efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs.

Question 73

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
Another term for a sore throat

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 74

What is pharyngitis?

Question 75

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
Refers to blood in the pleural space

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 76

During a severe asthma attack, the bronchioles narrow but the bronchi do not narrow nearly as much. Explain why you would expect this to be the case.

Question 77

Describe the structure of the pharynx. Explain its role in equalizing the pressure across the eardrum.

Question 78

Match each disease or condition with its corresponding definition or description.
An obstructive disorder characterized by recurring spasms of the smooth muscle of the walls of the bronchial air passages

A)Epistaxis
B)Atelectasis
C)Rhinitis
D)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
E)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
F)Pharyngitis
G)Hemothorax
H)Asthma
I)Chronic bronchitis
J)Epiglottitis

Question 79

What structures are included in the upper respiratory tract? In the lower respiratory tract?

Question 80

Describe the structure of the larynx. What is the function of the epiglottis?