Deck 4: Justice on the Street the Police and Racial and Ethnic Minorities

Question 1

African Americans consistently report believing that police treat African Americans:

A)fairly
B)unfairly
C)courteously
D)rudely

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The fleeing felon rule was held unconstitutional by the U.S.Supreme Court in:

A)Tennessee v.Gagnon (1972)
B)Mississippi v.Gagnon (1972)
C)Tennessee v.Garner (1985)
D)Mississippi v.Garner (1985)

Answer 2

C

Question 3

There are approximately _____ separate Native American law enforcement agencies in the U.S.

A)200
B)330
C)425
D)500

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The COPS report identified several promising practices designed to improve relations between the police and new immigrant communities.One is _________.

A)to create a complaints box in the station.
B)to create a website for police officer profiles.
C)to focus all efforts on deportation.
D)to create a specialized unit for immigrant communities.

Question 5

The changing demographic face of the United States because of __________ presents a special challenge for the police.

A)immigration
B)the aging of the Baby Boomers
C)disparate birth rates
D)Answers a,b and c are correct.

Question 6

The term "Rodney King" became shorthand for all police abuse after the LAPD savagely beat an African American man in _____:

A)1991
B)1997
C)2001
D)1981

Question 7

Highly publicized controversial incidents have a __________ effect on public attitudes.

A)minimal
B)pronounced
C)short-term
D)long-term

Question 8

There are more than _____ federally recognized Native American tribes in the U.S.

A)200
B)330
C)425
D)500

Question 9

Arab Americans comprise about _____ percent of the U.S.population.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 10

There have been ___ major eras of riots related to police abuse.

A)1
B)5
C)7
D)3

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT determine a Native American tribal police agency's jurisdiction or lack of jurisdiction in a specific case?

A)where the crime was committed
B)who committed the crime
C)what crime was committed
D)tribal affiliation of the victim

Question 12

The so-called __________ in Los Angeles in 1943 involved attacks on Hispanic men by police and by white Navy personnel on shore leave.

A)Gringo Justice
B)Pickers' Holiday
C)Zoot Suit Riot
D)immigrant uprising

Question 13

The FBI does not report arrest data on:

A)age.
B)race.
C)ethnicity.
D)gender.

Question 14

In a 2010 report on The Changing Environment for Policing,1985-2008,David Bayley and Christine Nixon list the issues of __________ and "Racial discrimination" as among the six challenges facing American policing.

A)representation
B)multiculturalism
C)community policing
D)new immigrants,both legal and illegal

Question 15

The public opinion data __________ the popular image of total hostility between the police and minorities.

A)seem to support
B)contradict
C)validate
D)unequivocally disprove

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT cited in the text as a factor that helps explain the patterns of interactions between Hispanics and the police?

A)Hispanics' fear of exposure to investigation regarding immigration status.
B)Hispanics' view that intervention by an "outsider" threatens the family's integrity.
C)Hispanics' unwillingness to oppose criminal elements within their communities who do not want a police presence in the neighborhoods.
D)Hispanics who do not speak English have difficulty communicating with police.

Question 17

As far back as 1931 the ________ Commission reported that the "inflicting of pain,physical or mental,to extract confessions or statements is extensively practiced."

A)Kerner
B)Wickersham
C)Mollen
D)President's Crime

Question 18

Historically,__________ has/have been the most explosive issue in police-community relations.

A)police corruption
B)police shootings
C)police use of excessive force
D)racial profiling

Question 19

The vast majority of all Americans express __________ the police.

A)confidence in
B)mistrust of
C)very little confidence in
D)no confidence in

Question 20

In the 1970s,in response to protests from civil rights groups,police departments began to replace the fleeing felon rule in favor of the __________ rule.

A)clear and present danger
B)imminent threat
C)defense of life
D)self defense

Question 21

Research has shown that people's attitudes are affected by how they are treated by the police and not necessarily by the outcome of the interaction.

Question 22

Community policing works only if residents are aware of and involved in the program.

Question 23

The police-community relations programs of the 1960s were surprisingly effective for first-generation innovations.

Question 24

And to clarify one point that is widely misuderstood,being in the United States without proper documentation is not a _____,it is a civil law violation.

Question 25

Zero-tolerance policing is also called ________ policing:

A)by-the-book
B)no-discretion
C)legalistic
D)quality of life

Question 26

Enforcement of law in the responsibility of the federal ____________.

A)State Department
B)Immigration and Customs Enforcement
C)Immigration and Naturalization Services
D)Park Service

Question 27

The Kerner Commission found evidence of some departments actively discouraging citizen complaints in the 1960s.

Question 28

__________ discrimination based on race or ethnicity is illegal.

Question 29

__________,regardless of race or ethnicity,are significantly underrepresented among all sworn officers and even more underrepresented in the supervisory ranks.

Question 30

Having __________ officers on the force may improve the ability of the police to serve communities of recent immigrants and in that respect improve police-community relations with those groups.

Question 31

Recent immigration trends have heightened the importance of having bilingual officers who can communicate in Spanish or Asian languages.

Question 32

__________ exists where the percentage of employees in a particular job category is less than the percentage of potentially qualified members of that group in the labor force.

Question 33

In the 1970s,most police departments greatly expanded their police-community relations programs so as to reach a larger segment of the serviced community.

Question 34

The term "driving while black" was coined to describe the police practice of:

A)racial profiling.
B)hassling.
C)zero-tolerance enforcement.
D)All of the above.

Question 35

Mediation of a citizen complaint against the police is a court-ordered process in which the complainant and the officer meet face-to-face.

Question 36

There is some evidence that citizen review further erodes public confidence in the complaint process because it is seen as a "cover-up" measure.

Question 37

Many local police officials argue that enforcing immigration laws will interfere with their______.

A)lunch time
B)traffic enforcement
C)basic responsibilities
D)political views

Question 38

The EEO Index compares the percentage of minority group officers in a department with the percentage of that group in the U.S.population.

Question 39

__________ the lowest victimization rates of any racial or ethnic group in the U.S.Between 2002 and 2006,according to the NCVS, their violent crime victimization rate (10.6 per 1000):

A)Hispanics
B)African Americans
C)whites
D)Asian,Native Hawaiian,and Pacific Islander Americans

Question 40

Economic class makes no difference in how people of color view the police.

Question 41

The BJS police-public contact survey does collect data on _______,and it found that were more likely than whites but less likely than African Americans to experience police use of force (2.3 percent of all encounters,down from 2002).

Question 42

__________ standards for law enforcement agencies require that agencies have minority group and female employees in the sworn law enforcement ranks in approximate proportion to the makeup of the available work force in the law enforcement agencies' serviced communities.

Question 43

The point of __________ is not to establish guilt but to foster a dialogue that leads to better understanding on both sides of the issue.