Deck 15: Local Anesthetic Complications

Question 1

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Excessive sweating

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Answer 1

Diaphoresis

Question 2

How might overdose reactions be avoided?

A) Know the anatomy.
B) Aspirate in two planes.
C) Use 25- or 27-gauge needle.
D) Administer drug slowly.
E) All options listed.

Answer 2

All options listed.

Question 3

What does the clinician need to know about a possible epinephrine overdose?

A) The body is not very efficient at removing vasoconstrictors.
B) Adverse effects associated with epinephrine may last 20 minutes or longer.
C) Epinephrine overdose produces overstimulation of adrenergic receptors.
D) Normal signs and symptoms of an epinephrine overdose resemble CNS depression.

Answer 3

Epinephrine overdose produces overstimulation of adrenergic receptors.

Question 4

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Sudden weakness of one side,difficulty of speech,temporary loss of vision,and change in mental status

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 5

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Sudden,transient loss of consciousness

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 6

List good questions to ask the patient if he/she reports an alleged allergic reaction to local anesthetic.

Question 7

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Mild to severe chest pain;pain in left arm and jaw that is not relieved by nitroglycerine

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 8

Which is the highest dose of epinephrine?

A) 1:50,000
B) 1:100,000
C) 1:200,000
D) 1:250,000

Question 9

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Excessive thirst,urination,and hunger,acetone breath

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 10

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Shortness of breath or wheezing with chest tightness and increased pulse rate.

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 11

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Are usually caused by high plasma concentrations of local anesthetic drugs that result from inadvertent intravascular injection,excessive dose,rate of injection,delayed drug clearance,or administration into vascular tissue

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 12

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Confusion,irritation,increased anxiety that requires termination of procedure and administration of oral sugar

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 13

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Minor complications that will resolve without requiring treatment

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 14

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

An example is when a patient experiences a burning sensation at the time of drug administration

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 15

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Terminate procedure,position patient upright,monitor and record vital signs,administer oxygen and nitroglycerine for three doses or until pain is relieved

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 16

All of the following are true of topical anesthetics used in dentistry EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Lidocaine may contain preservatives such as the parabens that could induce an allergic response.
B) Topical anesthetics are possible allergens.
C) Benzocaine is a commonly used amide topical anesthetic that can contribute to an allergic reaction.
D) Tetracaine can contribute to an allergic response.

Question 17

Cardiovascular signs of toxicity of local anesthetic solution include which of the following?

A) Myocardial depression
B) Cardiac dysrhythmias
C) Cardiotoxicity in pregnancy
D) All options listed

Question 18

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

May appear severe at the time of its observance but will eventually resolve without any residual effect

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 19

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Abnormally prolonged rapid and deep respirations with light-headedness and dizziness

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 20

Match the term with the definition that most closely describes it.Terms will be used only once.

Occurs in the region of the injection and can be attributed to the anesthetic needle,administration technique,and/or the anesthetic drug administered

A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma

Question 21

Which of the following best practices will help to prevent infection caused by the administration of local anesthetic?

A) Wipe needle with disinfectant
B) Store anesthetic cartridges in disinfectant solutions
C) Sheath needle before and immediately after injection
D) All options listed

Question 22

Which of the following could result if local anesthetic solution is inadvertently deposited in the parotid gland?

A) Incomplete anesthesia of teeth
B) Hematoma
C) Facial paralysis
D) All options listed

Question 23

Delayed signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction are more intense and serious.If skin reactions develop immediately following the injection,anaphylaxis may occur.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 24

What documentation about local anesthesia should be recorded in the patient's chart?

A) Postanesthetic instructions given to patient
B) Type and dose of drug/drugs administered
C) Patient's response to anesthesia
D) Appropriate consultations or referrals
E) All options listed

Question 25

What instructions should the clinician give to the patient after he receives local anesthetic and before he leaves the dental office?

A) Do not drink hot fluids
B) Do not test anesthesia by biting the numb area
C) Recommend warm saline rinses to decrease swelling and discomfort
D) All options listed

Question 26

What could cause a burning sensation during the administration of local anesthetic?

A) Expired anesthetic solution
B) Possible contamination with disinfecting solution
C) Anesthetic placed in sunny window to warm gently
D) All options listed

Question 27

What should the clinician do if she notices that the patient is developing a hematoma?

A) Apply direct pressure immediately
B) Apply heat immediately
C) Advise patient that swelling and discoloration will disappear within 1 to 2 months
D) All options listed

Question 28

Best practices to prevent needle breakage include which of the following?

A) Use a long,small-gauge needle
B) Use good technique
C) Bend needle for correct angulation
D) All options listed

Question 29

The preanesthetic patient assessment is the most important measure the dental hygienist can complete to prevent an allergic reaction.Patients who report they are susceptible to asthma,hay fever,and allergies to foods have an increased potential to develop an allergic response to medications.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 30

What is the proper length of time to allow topical anesthetic to remain on the tissue at the injection site?

A) 1 to 2 minutes
B) 2 to 4 minutes
C) 5 to 6 minutes
D) Until patient reports that he is numb

Question 31

Which of the following could be cause for pain during injection?

A) Dull needle
B) Barbed needle
C) Rapid deposition
D) All options listed

Question 32

On reviewing the dental patient's health history and dental history,what would be a best practice in dealing with information that could adversely affect dental treatment?

A) Tell the supervising dentist.
B) Record the conditions in red as a medical alert on the patient's medical history.
C) Document in the chart notes that you checked the patient's health history.
D) Refer patient to a specialist.

Question 33

Recommended treatment of allergic reactions includes which of the following?

A) 25- to 50-mg adult dose Benadryl for mild cutaneous reactions
B) 1:1000 epinephrine for more serious reactions
C) 60-mg methylprednisolone for severe allergic reactions
D) All options listed