Deck 24: C: Capitalism and Culture the Acceleration of Globalization Since 1945

Question 1

Which of the following highlights the global mobility of capital in the world since 1945?

A) Global justice movement
B) Import substitution industrialization
C) Foreign direct investment
D) Reverse development aid

Answer 1

Foreign direct investment

Question 2

Which of the following was a more central issue in environmental movements in developing countries than in the industrial West?

A) Controlling air pollution
B) Securing food supplies
C) Protecting wilderness areas
D) Stopping global warming

Answer 2

Securing food supplies

Question 3

Which of the following has been a goal of Islamic fundamentalist groups in the Muslim world since the 1970s?

A) To create a distinctly Islamic modernity not dependent on Western ideas
B) To seek an advantage in an American-led economic globalization
C) To introduce innovations in Islamic religious practice
D) To achieve political independence using nonviolent protest tactics

Answer 3

To create a distinctly Islamic modernity not dependent on Western ideas

Question 4

Which of the following describes the effect of economic globalization on wealthy nations like the United States?

A) New openings in the global economy contributed to the expansion of the middle class.
B) Jobs in the low-wage service sector declined and jobs in manufacturing sharply increased.
C) A shifting global division of labor resulted in the loss of many manufacturing jobs.
D) Increased total world output diminished income disparities and created economic equality.

Question 5

Which of the following has been a contentious issue between the Global North and the Global South since 1945?

A) The shrinking of the middle class
B) The violations of human rights
C) The demands of international feminism
D) The availability of and terms for foreign aid

Question 6

Which of the following factors contributed to economic globalization during the twentieth century?

A) Increased labor migration and trade during the Great Depression
B) Technological advances that lowered transportation costs dramatically
C) The elimination of tariffs in the two decades following World War I
D) The rejection by Western powers of the Bretton Woods system

Question 7

Refer to Map 23.2 in the textbook.The map showing the global distribution of McDonald's highlights which aspect of the so-called American Empire?

A) Counterculture
B) Soft power
C) Cultural revolution
D) Grassroots democracy

Question 8

In the permissive economic climate of recent decades,transnational corporations frequently relocate their facilities in search of

A) the least restrictive environmental regulations.
B) a highly skilled and university-trained workforce.
C) markets subsidized by the International Monetary Fund.
D) tightening credit markets and inflated housing markets.

Question 9

What do those who speak of a so-called American Empire point to in support of their opinion?

A) American control of the International Criminal Court
B) American control of the United Nations Security Council
C) American economic,military,and cultural influence around the world
D) American territorial possessions in the Caribbean and South Pacific

Question 10

Which of the following represents a pattern of global migration since the 1960s?

A) The movement of people from developing countries to the industrialized world
B) The movement of people from the Global North to the Global South
C) The movement of people from Latin America and the Caribbean to Europe
D) The movement of people from Europe and North America to Asia and Africa

Question 11

Which of the following was the original meaning of the phrase "third world"?

A) A global attempt to create "socialism with a human face"
B) A universal struggle for liberation through guerrilla warfare
C) An alternative to Western capitalism and Soviet communism
D) A movement for global justice and equality

Question 12

What effect did the Bretton Woods system have on globalization after World War II?

A) It established rules for commercial and financial dealings among major capitalist countries.
B) It placed political controls on the economic activity of countries within the communist bloc.
C) It created processes that made the globalized economy subject to public accountability.
D) It restricted the global movement of capital,increased tariffs,and subsidized state-run enterprises.

Question 13

Which of the following reflects a response of African feminists to Western feminism in the 1970s and beyond?

A) They used Western feminism as a weapon to combat colonialism.
B) They incorporated the Western feminist emphasis on individualism.
C) They shared Western feminists' goal of ending female circumcision.
D) They criticized Western feminism as a form of cultural imperialism.

Question 14

Which of the following reflects a neoliberal approach to economic development?

A) Government regulation of the economy
B) Promotion of global equality
C) Privatization of state-run companies
D) Increase in tariffs and taxes

Question 15

In contrast to feminists who fought for equal rights,feminists who assumed the task of "women's liberation"

A) demanded more rights for women than men.
B) challenged patriarchy through direct action.
C) emphasized employment and education.
D) preferred political lobbying and legislative reform.

Question 16

Which of the following opposed neoliberal globalization and offered an alternative approach expressed in the slogan "Another world is possible"?

A) New international economic order
B) Bretton Woods system
C) World Trade Organization
D) World Social Forum

Question 17

Which of the following was a distinctive feature of environmental movements in the Global South?

A) The role of large national organizations
B) The predominance of the middle class
C) The emphasis on the rights of nature
D) The involvement of poor people

Question 18

Which of the following describes a sociopolitical implication of global warming in recent decades?

A) The need for international cooperation on environmental issues has led countries to set aside their political differences.
B) The interplay of the effects of climate change and existing social problems generates or exacerbates conflict and upheaval.
C) The United States has used its leadership on environmental issues to spread Christianity and Western civilization throughout the world.
D) The Global North has responded to global warming by adopting isolationist policies and retreating from the global economy.

Question 19

Beginning in the 1960s,which of the following was identified as a key issue in Western feminism by women of color?

A) Gaining the right to vote
B) Promoting cultural imperialism
C) Challenging patriarchal domination
D) Ending racism and poverty

Question 20

Which of the following characterizes the response of religious fundamentalism to global modernity?

A) A selective rejection of certain aspects of modernity
B) A wholesale rejection of all aspects of modernity
C) A wholesale embrace of all aspects of modernity
D) A unified movement to destroy all aspects of modernity

Question 21

Which of the following is a feature of religious fundamentalism?

A) Militant piety
B) Human rights
C) Political liberalism
D) Secular humanism

Question 22

Which movement in the world today has come to symbolize "one world" thinking?

A) International feminism
B) Economic development
C) Global modernity
D) Global environmentalism

Question 23

What did nineteenth-century strands of environmentalism share in common?

A) They all provoked a global response.
B) They all opposed nuclear energy.
C) None of them had a mass following.
D) None of them criticized industrialization.

Question 24

Describing the current era since the Industrial Revolution as the Anthropocene Era calls attention to the

A) psychological trauma caused by wars.
B) lasting impact of human activity on the planet.
C) temporary solutions during times of scarcity.
D) social inequalities generated by economic development.

Question 25

Which of the following represents the use of religion as a basis to fight for social justice,human rights,and the end of poverty?

A) Militant revolutionary fundamentalism
B) The religious edict issued by al-Qaeda
C) Liberation theology
D) Salafi Islam

Question 26

Which of the following describes the relationship between the world's religions and modernity,science,and globalization since 1945?

A) Religion contributed to the scientific and secular focus of global modernity.
B) Religion offered a means to oppose elements of a secular and global modernity.
C) Religion was widely criticized for fostering superstition and ignorance.
D) Religions experienced sharp declines in membership and conversions.

Question 27

Which of the following is considered a success of the international women's movement?

A) Unity and consensus among those working within global feminism
B) Universal protection of women's reproductive rights
C) Global extension of equal inheritance rights for women
D) International recognition that women's rights are human rights

Question 28

Which of the following issues was more central to women's movements in the Global South than in the industrial West?

A) Economic survival
B) Intellectual freedom
C) Universal suffrage
D) Reproductive rights

Question 29

What do the Gulen movement in Turkey and the Amman Message issued in Jordan in 2005 share in common?

A) Both emphasized a literal and dogmatic interpretation of the Quran.
B) Both affirmed violent jihad as a legitimate part of Islamic life.
C) Both defined those who disagreed with them as non-Muslims.
D) Both sought to encourage cross-cultural and inter-religious dialogue.

Question 30

Which of the following has contributed to the environmental changes of the twentieth century?

A) The explosive increase in the world population
B) The resurgence of fundamentalism as a response to modernity
C) The expansion of the service industry in the industrial West
D) The emergence of alternative models of globalization