Deck 40: Nutrition

Question 1

Aaron,16 years old,is being seen for a routine physical.He has a body mass index (BMI)of 27.Assuming that a full nutritional assessment has been completed,what recommendations should be made to Aaron in regards to energy balance?

A)Maintain his current level of activity and nutritional intake
B)Decrease caloric intake,and increase physical activity
C)Increase his caloric intake and maintain activity levels
D)Suggest a program in behaviour modification

Answer 1

Decrease caloric intake,and increase physical activity

Question 2

How would the nurse prepare to aspirate stomach contents from Jody's soft bore feeding tube?

A)Attach to wall suction set to continuous low suction
B)Use a small syringe (10 mL)to maintain positive pressure
C)Use a large syringe (30 mL)to create less negative pressure
D)Use a small syringe (10 mL)to decrease the possibility of collapsing the tube

Answer 2

Use a small syringe (10 mL)to decrease the possibility of collapsing the tube

Question 3

Mr.Reddy,an overweight construction worker,is following a 2,000-calorie diet as a strategy to promote weight loss.While shopping,he is learning to pay closer attention to food labels when making choices.Besides the caloric intake,what other information on the food labels should he be considering in order to succeed at his weight loss goal?

A)Lighter or reduced calorie foods
B)The letter "L" located in the lower right corner
C)The recommended serving size
D)A fat content of less than 11%

Answer 3

The recommended serving size

Question 4

Seventy-five-year-old Mr.Johansen fractured his right hip.His laboratory results and examination indicate he has malnutrition.He has an order for a high protein diet.Which of the following foods will provide Mr.Johansen with complete proteins?

A)Corn
B)Beans
C)Eggs
D)Peanut butter

Question 5

Mrs.Angelou,48 years old,is being seen at her physician's office for her annual physical examination.Her nutritional assessment includes the following data: BMI-31,Waist circumference of 92 cm,elevated low density lipoprotein,and a BP of 155/90.She has been informed that she is insulin resistant.Considering all of these findings,what is Mrs.Angelou at risk for?

A)Metabolic syndrome
B)Cardiovascular disease
C)Osteoarthritis
D)Hyperlipidemia

Question 6

Mrs.Lee reports that her teenager has started a vegan diet.Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to Mrs.Lee to ensure that this teenager does not become iron deficient?

A)Tofu,soybean milk,and orange juice
B)Soybean milk,Brewer's yeast,and apples
C)Brewer's yeast,apples,and strawberries
D)Orange juice,apples,and peas

Question 7

Mr.Johansen is recovering from a hip replacement.Considering a diagnosis of protein deficient malnutrition,what is Mr.Johansen at risk for?

A)Abnormal bleeding
B)Poor wound healing
C)Deep vein thrombosis
D)Atelectasis

Question 8

Mr.Dubrovnik has enteral feeds infusing into a soft bore feeding tube.The feeding is running at the prescribed rate.On early morning assessment,the nurse observes that Mr.Dubrovnik's breathing is shallow and his colour is dusky.What is the nurse's priority action?

A)Place Mr.Dubrovnik in high Fowler's position
B)Turn off the tube feeding
C)Assess Mr.Dubrovnik's lung sounds
D)Assess Mr.Dubrovnik's bowel sounds

Question 9

Mr.Spirou has decided to follow the glycemic index when making food selections rather than calorie counting.Which of the following selections for lunch would provide him with the best choice for weight loss?

A)Sandwich on pumpernickel bread
B)Rice cakes
C)Sandwich on a white bagel
D)Serving of basmati rice

Question 10

Clients who consume large amounts of alcohol on a daily basis are at risk for vitamin C deficiency.

Question 11

Mr.Johansen,75 years old,is admitted with a hip fracture.The nurse has noticed that he is very thin and assesses him for signs of malnutrition.Which of the following are signs suggestive of malnutrition?

A)Shiny hair and brittle nails
B)Lethargy and bruised,dry skin
C)Underdeveloped arm muscles
D)Moist mucous membranes

Question 12

The nurse is removing 16-year-old Jody's nasogastric tube.What instruction does the nurse give Jody as the nasogastric tube is removed?

A)Exhale during the removal
B)Breathe in and out slowly
C)Hold her breath
D)Lay in a supine position

Question 13

Mrs.Jenner brings her 2-month-old infant to the clinic because she is concerned that he is spitting up too much after he feeds.What criteria will the nurse use to determine if an infant's regurgitation should be further investigated?

A)How often the baby spits up
B)How much the baby spits up at a time
C)The infant's weight gain
D)The consistency of the regurgitated matter

Question 14

The nurse does a dietary assessment and learns that Mr.Johansen lives alone,does not enjoy cooking,and tends to consume a lot of tea and toast.Which of the following laboratory tests may indicate a long-term protein deficiency?

A)C-reactive protein
B)Transferrin
C)Hemoglobin
D)Albumin

Question 15

Mrs.Marcs brings her 7-month-old son,Dylan,to the clinic for a checkup.She has started offering solid foods to him as previously discussed with the nurse.Dylan is tolerating rice cereal,apple sauce,and other fruits.Which food should the nurse recommend to be introduced next?

A)Strained beef
B)Squash
C)Green beans
D)Strained chicken

Question 16

Mr.Spirou is 57 years old and has recently been diagnosed with diabetes type 2.He has been trying to lose weight by watching his caloric intake but has had little success.He visits the Diabetic Health Centre to get information on using glycemic index to guide his food choices.What information can the nurse provide Mr.Spirou about glycemic index?

A)Glycemic index can be altered by how a food is prepared.
B)Foods with a high glycemic index will help promote weight loss.
C)Eating low glycemic index foods may lead to metabolic syndrome.
D)Glycemic index refers to the amount of glucose in the blood.

Question 17

Which of the following foods is an example of both a soluble and non-soluble fibre?

A)Broccoli
B)White rice
C)Lentils
D)Oats

Question 18

The nurse notices that 16-year-old Jody's continuous open system tube-feeding set is almost empty.What action should the nurse take?

A)Add tube feeding to the set
B)Discontinue the feeding and hang a closed system bag
C)Wash out the set and add new feeding
D)Flush the set with clear carbonated soda and discontinue

Question 19

The nurse is caring for 16-year-old Jody who has been admitted to hospital with severe anorexia nervosa.Jody is to have an enteral feeding tube inserted.As the feeding tube is passed into the oropharynx,Jody begins to gag and cough.Which is the appropriate nursing action for the nurse to take?

A)Remove the tube and attempt reinsertion
B)Give Jody a few sips of water to drink
C)Use firm pressure to pass the tube through the glottis
D)Have the client tilt the head back to open the passage

Question 20

On her first checkup after the birth of her son,Mrs.Magee reports that her newborn wakes every 2 hours and takes only about 2 ounces of formula before going back to sleep.What information should the nurse offer Mrs.Magee?

A)Offer the baby less formula to prevent waste
B)Make the baby wait at least 3 hours between feedings
C)Continue to feed the baby with this "on demand" schedule
D)During feeding,tap his feet to encourage wakefulness

Question 21

What nursing diagnosis is the most important for the nurse to include in the care plan of Mrs.Everly who has just been started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)therapy?

A)Risk for infection
B)Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
C)Activity intolerance
D)Fluid volume deficit

Question 22

Mrs.Porter is being seen at the health clinic to have a complete nutritional assessment completed.She has recently been informed that she has metabolic syndrome.Which of the following assessments might be recommended at this time to get a clear understanding of the influences on her current weight?

A)Anthropometric measurements
B)Food diary
C)Food frequency record
D)Dietary history

Question 23

The nurse at a community clinic is teaching Harry about essential nutrients and their use by the body.Carbohydrates that are not needed for energy are stored as glycogen and what other body substance?

A)Fat
B)Muscle
C)Glucose
D)Pyruvic acid

Question 24

Mrs.Babcock has been advised to avoid saturated fatty acids in her diet.How can she accomplish this?

A)By using only animal fat
B)By avoiding all fats and fatty foods
C)By using fats that are liquid at room temperature
D)By reducing her fat intake to 30% of total calories

Question 25

Student nurses from the local community college are presenting a program to families at primary schools entitled,"Preventing Childhood Obesity." Which of the following recommendations by the Childhood Obesity Foundation are included in their presentation?

A)Less than 2 hours of screen time per day
B)Three servings of vegetables per day
C)A maximum of 2-3 juice drinks per day
D)A minimum of 30 minutes of physical activity daily

Question 26

Over the past year,Mrs.Porter has demonstrated a commitment to improving her health.Her BMI has decreased,and her waist circumference (WC)is now at 80 cm as a result of changes to her eating patterns and an increase in physical activity.Her blood pressure is presently 128/76,and her glucose levels have stabilized.Which of the following findings indicate that she is no longer considered to have metabolic syndrome?

A)Normal cholesterol
B)WC less than 90 cm
C)BMI of 32
D)BP less than 150/80

Question 27

When talking with Mr.Mario,the nurse is asked to explain what she means by "energy balance." Which is the best response by the nurse?

A)Eating 15% more calories than our body uses for energy
B)Eating 15% fewer calories than our body uses for energy
C)Maintaining a balance between the blood glucose level and the insulin level
D)Maintaining extra insulin in the blood for utilization when needed

Question 28

The nurse at a community clinic is teaching Harry about essential nutrients and their use by the body.Which nutrient provides the main source of energy for the body?

A)Fats
B)Proteins
C)Vitamins
D)Carbohydrates