Deck 51: Dissociative, Personality, and Eating Disorders

Question 1

When expecting to be electrically shocked, people with an antisocial personality disorder, as compared to normal people, show

A) less fear and greater arousal of the autonomic nervous system.
B) less fear and less autonomic arousal.
C) greater fear and greater autonomic arousal.
D) greater fear and less autonomic arousal.

Answer 1

less fear and less autonomic arousal.

Question 2

Although the cause of eating disorders is still unknown, proposed explanations focus on all the following, EXCEPT

A) metabolic factors.
B) genetic factors.
C) family background factors.
D) cultural factors.

Answer 2

metabolic factors.

Question 3

Low levels of anxiety are most characteristic of

A) antisocial personality disorder.
B) dissociative identity disorder.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) major depressive disorder.

Answer 3

antisocial personality disorder.

Question 4

Psychodynamic and learning theorists both agree that dissociative disorders are symptoms that represent the person's attempt to deal with

A) unconscious conflicts.
B) anxiety.
C) unfulfilled wishes.
D) unpleasant responsibilities.

Question 5

Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates

A) schizophrenia.
B) dissociative identity disorder.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) antisocial personality disorder.

Question 6

The suggestion that dissociative identity disorder symptoms are created as defenses against the anxiety caused by one's own unacceptable impulses best illustrates the

A) psychodynamic perspective.
B) biopsychosocial approach.
C) medical model.
D) social-cognitive perspective.

Question 7

Melissa uses laxatives in an attempt to lose some of the weight she gained from binge eating. Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) agoraphobia.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) panic disorder.

Question 8

William, an airplane pilot, is unable to remember anything of a bombing raid in which his plane was severely damaged and two crew members were killed. Because he suffered no physical injuries, psychologists suspect that William probably suffers from

A) schizoid disorder.
B) a dissociative disorder.
C) depression.
D) avoidant disorder.

Question 9

The major characteristic of dissociative disorders is a disturbance of

A) mood.
B) appetite.
C) memory.
D) perception.

Question 10

(Thinking Critically) Nicholas Spanos considers dissociative identity disorder to be

A) a genuine disorder.
B) merely role-playing.
C) a disorder that cannot be explained according to the learning perspective.
D) a biological phenomenon.

Question 11

College students were asked to pretend that they were accused murderers. Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve

A) low self-esteem.
B) unconscious fear.
C) a negative explanatory style.
D) role playing.

Question 12

A sudden loss of memory is a symptom of

A) bipolar disorder.
B) a dissociative disorder.
C) panic disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 13

A sense of being separated from your body and watching yourself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) agoraphobia.
D) dissociation.

Question 14

Lindsey is extremely afraid of becoming obese even though she is underweight. She often checks her body in the mirror for any signs of fat and refuses to eat most foods because she insists they are fatty or high in calories. Lindsey most clearly demonstrates symptoms of

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) agoraphobia.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) panic disorder.

Question 15

Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of ________ disorders.

A) bipolar
B) personality
C) generalized anxiety
D) dissociative

Question 16

The experience of a fugue state is indicative of a(n) ________ disorder.

A) panic
B) mood
C) dissociative
D) obsessive-compulsive

Question 17

A schizoid personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

A) emotionless disengagement.
B) shallow, attention-getting emotional displays.
C) a sense of self-importance.
D) a fear of social rejection.

Question 18

Which of the following is true concerning eating disorders?

A) Genetic factors may influence susceptibility.
B) Cultural pressures for thinness strongly influence teenage girls.
C) Family background is a significant factor.
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 19

Women in ________ consider "bigger" to be the ideal body shape.

A) Western cultures
B) countries such as Africa, where thinness can signal poverty,
C) the United States
D) Australia, New Zealand, and England

Question 20

Those with an avoidant personality disorder are most likely to display

A) a lack of guilt feelings.
B) a sense of self-importance.
C) shallow, attention-getting emotions.
D) a fear of social rejection.

Question 21

The distinctive features used to identify the three clusters of personality disorders are

A) obsessions, compulsions, and delusions.
B) genetics, culture, and self-awareness.
C) optimism, pessimism, and perfectionism.
D) anxiety, eccentricity, and impulsivity.

Question 22

The term psychopath refers to an individual with

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) bipolar disease.
C) dissociative identity disorder.
D) antisocial personality disorder.

Question 23

Exhibiting two or more distinct and alternating personalities is a symptom of a(n)

A) social anxiety disorder.
B) dissociative disorder.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) antisocial personality disorder.

Question 24

Those with narcissistic personality disorder are likely to be preoccupied with

A) an irrational fear of people.
B) delusions of persecution.
C) physical symptoms of distress.
D) their own self-importance.

Question 25

Researchers have suggested that the role playing of fantasy-prone patients in response to the leading questions of therapists has often contributed to

A) schizoid personality disorder.
B) dissociative identity disorder.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) agoraphobia.

Question 26

Evidence that many DID patients have suffered abuse as children leads some psychologists to include dissociative disorders under the umbrella of

A) panic disorder.
B) social anxiety disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 27

Antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

A) a persistent, irrational fear of people.
B) episodes of intense autonomic nervous system arousal.
C) disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.
D) a lack of guilt feelings.

Question 28

Which of the following disorders is more common among men than women?

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) antisocial personality disorder
C) dissociative identity disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 29

About eight months ago, 14-year-old Shelley went on a drastic weight-loss diet that caused her to drop from 110 to 80 pounds. Although she is now dangerously underweight and under-nourished, she continues to think she looks fat. Her frustrated father recently forced her to eat a peanut butter sandwich, but Shelley immediately went to the bathroom and threw it all up. Shelley most clearly suffers from

A) agoraphobia.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) catatonia.
D) anorexia nervosa.

Question 30

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible, enduring, and socially maladaptive behavior patterns are called ________ disorders.

A) acute
B) free-floating
C) reactive
D) personality

Question 31

The reduced self-control of murderers is most closely related to reduced brain activity in their ________ lobes.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 32

One cluster of personality disorders marked by dramatic or impulsive behaviors is exemplified by the ________ personality disorder.

A) avoidant
B) schizoid
C) catatonic
D) histrionic

Question 33

Anthony is 32 years old, well above average in intelligence, and quite charming. He has swindled several older people out of their life savings, and he seems to have little feeling for his victims, nor does he fear the consequences of getting caught. His behavior is evidence of

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) a personality disorder.
D) a dissociative disorder.

Question 34

Noah's therapist suggests that Noah developed a dissociative identity disorder in order to misbehave without feeling a strong sense of personal shame. The therapist's suggestion most directly reflects a ________ perspective.

A) humanistic
B) social-cognitive
C) psychodynamic
D) biological

Question 35

A biological perspective would be LEAST helpful for explaining the

A) prevalence of schizophrenia throughout the world.
B) fluctuations in mood experienced by those suffering a bipolar disorder.
C) fear of snakes experienced by a high percentage of Americans.
D) dramatic increase in reported cases of dissociative identity disorder during the 1980s.

Question 36

Connie exhibits multiple personalities. Evidence that information learned by her secondary personality influences the moods and behaviors of her primary personality would most clearly rule out the contribution of ________ to her symptoms.

A) role playing
B) sexual trauma
C) dissociation
D) motivational conflict

Question 37

A hyper-reactive dopamine reward system has been observed among those with

A) antisocial personality disorder.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 38

The experience of multiple personalities is most likely to be characterized by

A) a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness.
B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
C) delusions of persecution and grandiosity.
D) a lack of guilt feelings.

Question 39

There is some evidence that a relatively low level of autonomic nervous system arousal may contribute to

A) posttraumatic stress disorder.
B) antisocial personality disorder.
C) dissociative disorders.
D) generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 40

Anorexia nervosa is typically characterized by

A) an unusually high rate of metabolism.
B) cyclical fluctuations between extreme thinness and plumpness.
C) frequent migraine headaches.
D) a fear of being fat.

Question 41

Twenty-two-year-old Tawana is slightly overweight and loves to eat, particularly snack foods and rich desserts. Fearful of becoming overweight, she frequently takes a laxative following episodes of binge eating. Tawana most clearly suffers from

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) social anxiety disorder.

Question 42

People with anorexia nervosa often come from families that

A) lack educational opportunities.
B) are high achieving and competitive.
C) are unable to afford adequate food.
D) don't care about physical appearance or excess weight.

Question 43

The onset of ________ nearly always begins after a dieter has broken diet restrictions and gorged.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) agoraphobia

Question 44

Unlike those with bulimia nervosa, those with binge-eating disorders are not likely to ________ following binge eating.

A) experience remorse
B) gain weight
C) purge or fast
D) suffer indigestion

Question 45

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

A) least; least
B) most; greatest
C) least; greatest
D) most; least

Question 46

Over the past 50 years, American women have expressed ________ satisfaction with their physical appearance and have experienced a(n) ________ incidence of serious eating disorders.

A) increasing; decreasing
B) increasing; increasing
C) decreasing; decreasing
D) decreasing; increasing