Deck 29: A: Introduction to Intelligence

Question 1

Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Isaiah has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Isaiah can, with a few seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that

A) the intelligence test Isaiah was given has no validity.
B) intelligence tests are generally good measures of verbal but not of mathematical intelligence.
C) Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome.
D) Isaiah excels in divergent thinking.

Answer 1

Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome.

Question 2

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations is known as

A) divergent thinking.
B) test reliability.
C) intelligence.
D) factor analysis.

Answer 2

intelligence.

Question 3

A person who demonstrates an exceptional specific mental skill while otherwise often remaining very limited in intellectual capacity is said to show signs of

A) emotional intelligence.
B) savant syndrome.
C) convergent thinking.
D) intrinsic motivation.

Answer 3

savant syndrome.

Question 4

Those who score above average on tests of mathematical aptitude are also likely to score above average on tests of verbal aptitude. According to Spearman, this best illustrates the importance of

A) intrinsic motivation.
B) creativity.
C) the g factor.
D) grit.

Question 5

Who is most likely to be criticized for extending the definition of intelligence to an overly broad range of talents?

A) Howard Gardner
B) L. L. Thurstone
C) Charles Spearman
D) Kim Peek

Question 6

The characteristics of savant syndrome have been used to support

A) Spearman's belief in a general intelligence, or g, factor.
B) Thurstone's notion of social intelligence.
C) Gardner's argument for multiple intelligences.
D) Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.

Question 7

The sort of problem solving that demonstrates "school smarts" is what researchers have historically assessed in their tests of

A) divergent thinking.
B) intelligence.
C) intrinsic motivation.
D) heritability.

Question 8

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related test items that seem to tap a common ability is called

A) standardization.
B) reliability assessment.
C) an aptitude scale.
D) factor analysis.

Question 9

Injury to certain areas of the ________ lobes can destroy imagination while leaving reading, writing, and arithmetic skills intact.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) occipital
D) temporal

Question 10

Factor analysis has been used to assess whether

A) intelligence is determined primarily by heredity or by experience.
B) intelligence is a single trait or a collection of distinct abilities.
C) intelligence scores remain stable over the life span.
D) differences in intellectual ability exist between groups of individuals.

Question 11

Anders Ericsson reports a 10-year rule for expert performance that highlights the importance of

A) analytical intelligence.
B) factor analysis.
C) daily practice.
D) creativity.

Question 12

Spearman referred to the general capacity that may underlie all of a person's specific mental abilities as

A) inductive reasoning.
B) the g factor.
C) factor analysis.
D) emotional intelligence.

Question 13

Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, creative, and ________ intelligence.

A) spatial
B) musical
C) practical
D) interpersonal

Question 14

The factors associated with creativity include

A) impulsivity and empathy.
B) expertise and a venturesome personality.
C) a competitive drive and need for control.
D) reliability and validity.

Question 15

Who argued for a classification of eight independent intelligences which include musical, spatial, and kinesthetic aptitudes?

A) Charles Spearman
B) Howard Gardner
C) Robert Sternberg
D) L. L. Thurstone

Question 16

Those who emphasize the importance of the g factor would be most likely to encourage

A) discontinuing special programs for intellectually advantaged children.
B) deriving adult intelligence test scores from the ratio of mental age to chronological age.
C) using a small standardization sample in the process of intelligence test construction.
D) quantifying intelligence with a single numerical score.

Question 17

People who make outstanding creative contributions to the arts or sciences are most likely to

A) be unusually sensitive to criticism of their ideas.
B) receive above-average scores on standard tests of intelligence.
C) show signs of savant syndrome.
D) be strongly motivated to attain fame and fortune.

Question 18

Investigators detected a tendency for those who excelled in one of Thurstone's seven primary mental abilities to also demonstrate high levels of competence in other abilities. This provided some evidence of

A) creativity.
B) standardization.
C) divergent thinking.
D) general intelligence.

Question 19

Of the following, who best illustrates Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence?

A) Trudy, a student who receives lower grades in physical education than in any other course
B) Freda, a business executive who effectively motivates her sales staff
C) Selma, a 9-year-old who solves complicated mathematical problems in record time
D) Nicole, a teenager who completes the road test for her driver's license without a single error

Question 20

Generating the single correct answer to an intelligence test question illustrates

A) factor analysis.
B) convergent thinking.
C) social intelligence.
D) perceptual speed.

Question 21

Emotional intelligence is a critical component of

A) creativity.
B) social intelligence.
C) analytical intelligence.
D) convergent thinking.

Question 22

Research participants have been exposed to an incomplete stimulus followed by a masking image in order to assess

A) convergent thinking.
B) numerical ability.
C) perceptual speed.
D) inherited tendencies.

Question 23

One component of emotional intelligence involves

A) the ability to completely forget emotionally traumatic experiences.
B) a lack of concern about receiving social approval.
C) predicting accurately when feelings are about to change.
D) selectively focusing attention on positive thoughts and feelings.

Question 24

Your score on an intelligence test does not indicate how well you control your impulses or deal effectively with social conflict. This best illustrates that intelligence is

A) impossible to measure with any reliability.
B) unrelated to the speed of cognitive processing.
C) a collection of distinctly different abilities.
D) a joint function of nature and nurture.

Question 25

The efficient communication between brain regions necessary for intelligence requires ample brain tissue known as

A) motor cortex.
B) the g factor.
C) sensory neurons.
D) white matter.

Question 26

Whenever Arlo reminded himself that his musical skills could earn him fame and fortune, he became less creative in his musical performance. This best illustrates that creativity may be inhibited by

A) emotional intelligence.
B) a venturesome personality.
C) the g factor.
D) extrinsic motivation.

Question 27

Students who have spent time living abroad and experiencing other cultures are more adept at

A) creative problem solving.
B) nonverbal memory.
C) convergent thinking.
D) factor analysis.

Question 28

The speed with which people retrieve information from memory has been found to be a predictor of their ________ intelligence.

A) verbal
B) practical
C) emotional
D) spatial

Question 29

Although not notably heavier or larger in total size than the typical Canadian's brain, Einstein's brain was 15 percent larger in the lower region of the

A) occipital lobe.
B) cerebellum.
C) parietal lobe.
D) limbic system.

Question 30

Kristina, a high school English teacher, is eager to promote creativity in her writing-class students. Which of the following reminders is likely to do the most to accomplish her goal?

A) "Your final essay will be evaluated by a well-known author."
B) "Many of the best jobs demand good writing skills."
C) "You can produce interesting insights through your writing."
D) "Admission to the most well-known colleges demands some creative ability."

Question 31

In very stressful or embarrassing situations, Sanura is able to maintain her poise and help others to feel comfortable. Sanura's ability best illustrates the value of

A) extrinsic motivation.
B) genetic inheritance.
C) divergent thinking.
D) emotional intelligence.

Question 32

MRI scans reveal correlations of about ________ between people's brain size (adjusted for body size) and their intelligence scores.

A) +.05
B) +.15
C) +.33
D) +.67

Question 33

In contrast to white matter, gray matter contains mostly

A) axons.
B) the g factor.
C) neural cell bodies.
D) synapses.

Question 34

A frontal lobe area just above the outer edge of the eyebrows becomes especially active in ________ of the brain while contemplating verbal questions and in ________ of the brain while contemplating spatial questions.

A) the right side; both sides
B) both sides; the right side
C) the left side; both sides
D) both sides; the left side