Deck 24: A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Question 1

A baseball strikes Ashley in the head and she is momentarily knocked unconscious. The physical injury, though not serious, is most likely to interfere with Ashley's ________ memory.

A) flashbulb
B) long-term
C) procedural
D) short-term

Answer 1

short-term

Question 2

Exceptionally clear memories of emotionally significant events are called

A) sensory memories.
B) flashbulb memories.
C) mood-congruent memories.
D) repressed memories.

Answer 2

flashbulb memories.

Question 3

The deep brain structure(s) involved in motor movement and the formation of our procedural memories for skills is(are) the

A) amygdala.
B) hypothalamus.
C) basal ganglia.
D) hippocampus.

Answer 3

basal ganglia.

Question 4

Explicit memory is to ________ as implicit memory is to ________.

A) automatic processing; effortful processing
B) sensory memory; working memory
C) hippocampus; cerebellum
D) basal ganglia; frontal lobes

Question 5

The hippocampus helps process ________ memories for long-term storage.

A) iconic
B) explicit
C) echoic
D) implicit

Question 6

Following partial recovery from a severe stroke, Mr. Yanagita has learned how to ride a horse. However, he cannot consciously remember that he has learned to do this. It is likely that he has suffered damage to his

A) cerebellum.
B) hypothalamus.
C) hippocampus.
D) basal ganglia.

Question 7

The network that processes and stores explicit memories includes the

A) hippocampus and basal ganglia.
B) cerebellum and frontal lobes.
C) frontal lobes and hippocampus.
D) basal ganglia and cerebellum.

Question 8

A year and a half after directly experiencing a San Francisco earthquake, people had very accurate recall of where they had been and what they were doing at the time of the earthquake. Their recall best illustrates ________ memory.

A) implicit
B) sensory
C) procedural
D) flashbulb

Question 9

Damage to the ________ would most likely interfere with a person's ability to form new memories of a family vacation trip.

A) basal ganglia
B) hippocampus
C) cerebellum
D) amygdala

Question 10

When learning occurs through classical conditioning, the sea slug, Aplysia, releases more ________ at certain synapses.

A) serotonin
B) propranolol
C) insulin
D) LTP

Question 11

The human capacity for storing long-term memories is

A) essentially limitless.
B) roughly equal to seven units of information.
C) typically much greater in young children than in adults.
D) greatly reduced after people reach the age of 65.

Question 12

We long remember exciting or shocking events due to activation of the limbic system's

A) hypothalamus.
B) amygdala.
C) basal ganglia.
D) cerebellum.

Question 13

Nonspeaking children have not learned the words that we use to index much of our explicit memory. This most clearly helps to explain the occurrence of

A) iconic memory.
B) imagination inflation.
C) flashbulb memory.
D) infantile amnesia.

Question 14

Recalling a visual scene of last month's party and holding it in working memory would be most likely to activate the

A) right frontal lobe.
B) left frontal lobe.
C) right cerebellum.
D) left cerebellum.

Question 15

The rear area of the ________, which processes spatial memory, grows bigger the longer a London cab driver has been navigating the maze of city streets.

A) thalamus
B) amygdala
C) hippocampus
D) hypothalamus

Question 16

The cerebellum and basal ganglia play an important role in the processing of ________ memories.

A) explicit
B) iconic
C) implicit
D) echoic

Question 17

Memories initially processed in the hippocampus are transferred to ________ for long-term storage.

A) the basal ganglia
B) the brain's cortex
C) the cerebellum
D) the amygdala

Question 18

Long-term potentiation refers to

A) the impact of deep processing on retention.
B) an automatic tendency to recall emotionally significant events.
C) an increase in a neuron's firing potential.
D) the process of learning something without any conscious memory of having learned it.

Question 19

Infantile amnesia involves a lack of

A) implicit memories.
B) mnemonics.
C) explicit memories.
D) sensory memories.

Question 20

The hippocampus and brain cortex display simultaneous activity rhythms during sleep. This supports the process of

A) source misattribution.
B) memory consolidation.
C) distributed practice.
D) procedural memory.

Question 21

Individuals who received ________ for 10 days following a traumatic experience subsequently showed fewer signs of a stress disorder.

A) propranolol
B) glutamate
C) LTP
D) CREB

Question 22

The temporary release of serotonin has been found to ________ memory formation, and the temporary release of stress hormones has been found to ________ memory formation.

A) disrupt; facilitate
B) facilitate; disrupt
C) disrupt; disrupt
D) facilitate; facilitate

Question 23

Blocking CREB-producing neurons in the ________ of mice has been found to permanently erase an auditory fear memory.

A) occipital lobes
B) hypothalamus
C) amygdala
D) basal ganglia