Deck 13: Families

Question 1

Which phrase MOST applies to the broad definition of family as it is proposed by the authors?

A) It requires a household headed by a man and woman.
B) There must be a commitment to have children and procreate.
C) A family is minimally composed of two adults.
D) A family may be created through adoption, provided there is mutual aid and support.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What is no fault divorce law?

A) It prohibits divorce that is based on unfounded accusations by either party.
B) No admission of wrongdoing is required by either party, only mutual consent to end the marriage.
C) It annuls the marriage and declares it as a "nonevent that never happened."
D) No legal decree by the court is necessary as long as the couples submit an affidavit declaring their intention to divorce.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the most common kinship pattern utilized in American families?

A) patrilineal descent
B) bilineal descent
C) polygynous descent
D) monogamous descent

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What is a form of marriage that permits a man or woman to have several spouses over a lifetime, but also specifies only one marriage partner at a time with a legal divorce before the acceptance of a new spouse?

A) serial monogamy
B) pluralistic marriage
C) serial polygyny
D) holistic marriage

Question 5

What is the dominant family form in America today?

A) the blended family
B) the child-free family
C) the traditional family
D) the single-parent family

Question 6

What is a form of marriage that specifies only one woman and one man and is common in most industrial societies?

A) monogamy
B) polyandry
C) polygyny
D) homogamy

Question 7

What is another name for a "multigenerational" family?

A) a horizontal extended family
B) a joint family
C) a group family
D) a beanpole family

Question 8

What type of exchange occurs when the starting quarterback of the football team marries the captain of the women's basketball team?

A) complementary exchange
B) athletic exchange
C) symmetrical exchange
D) cooperative exchange

Question 9

What is the family type created when the minister announces after the ceremony, "I present to you for the first time Mr. and Mrs. Fred Jones."

A) family of procreation
B) family of orientation
C) family of recreation
D) family of marriage

Question 10

When Jacob married Elizabeth his family size tripled overnight because Elizabeth had so many brothers and sisters that became Jacob's brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law. What term is used to describe the relationship that now exists between Elizabeth's brothers and sisters and Jacob?

A) fictive kin
B) consanguineal kin
C) affinal kin
D) pseudo kin

Question 11

In the inner city, the number of African American women eligible for marriage is often much greater than the number of eligible African American men. What is the term used to describe such an oversupply of women of the same marriageable status?

A) propinquity
B) marriage squeeze
C) symmetrical exchange
D) reciprocity

Question 12

What is the norm that requires people to find mates within a specific group or social category?

A) heterogamy
B) exogamy
C) endogamy
D) polygamy

Question 13

The use of DNA testing is most associated with the confirmation of which type of kinship relationship?

A) affinal kin
B) fictive kin
C) consanguineal kin
D) adopted kin

Question 14

How do redivorce rates compare to divorce rates among couples married for the first time?

A) Redivorce rates are much lower than divorce rates for couples married for the first time.
B) Redivorce rates are much higher than divorce rates for couples married for the first time.
C) Redivorce rates are about as high as divorce rates for couples married for the first time.
D) Redivorce rates fluctuate greatly depending on social and economic factors and have no pattern.

Question 15

In ancient Rome, when a man purchased a wife and made her part of his familia, what status did she then assume?

A) His wife became an equal partner in the man's achieved status.
B) His wife was now recognized as the legal heir for inheritance purposes.
C) His wife was legally and socially recognized as affinal kin to the man's relatives.
D) His wife became recognized by law as a part of his property.

Question 16

What was the significance of the U.S. Supreme Court case Lawrence v. Texas?

A) It made gay and lesbian marriages illegal.
B) It defined marriage as being between a man and woman.
C) It prohibited gay and lesbian couples from adopting children.
D) It struck down anti-sodomy laws nationwide.

Question 17

What is heterogamy?

A) the tendency for a newlywed couple to live with or near the bride's family
B) the selection of a mate with personal and social characteristics similar to one's own
C) the tendency for a newlywed couple to live with or near the groom's family
D) the selection of a mate with social characteristics different from one's own

Question 18

As of 2009, what is the median age for men and women for their first marriage?

A) 19 for women and 22 for men
B) 21 for women and 25 for men
C) 26 for women and 28 for men
D) 24 for women and 30 for men

Question 19

What is a "ghost marriage"?

A) A marriage where a person stands in for the bride or groom because they are physically unavailable.
B) A marriage of convenience where each party goes their separate way after the ceremony.
C) A marriage where a woman marries dead people to preserve the family line.
D) A marriage where one of the parties is seldom home because of business and other obligations.

Question 20

In industrial societies what is the most common pattern of residence for newly married couples?

A) neolocal residence
B) patrilocal residence
C) matrilocal residence
D) sociolocal residence

Question 21

The family type into which an individual is born is called the family of orientation.

Question 22

What sociological approach describes family as being responsible for defining and limiting who has sexual access to whom, integrating new members into the social system, and providing people with emotional support?

A) functionalism
B) symbolic interactionism
C) conflict perspective
D) feminist perspective

Question 23

Which sociological perspective is most aligned with a "negotiated meaning" of marriage that is apt to be modified as the couple moves through the life course?

A) functionalist perspective
B) feminist perspective
C) conflict perspective
D) symbolic interactionist perspective

Question 24

Jane and Michael have been asked to stand in as the godparents for Bethany at her baptism. By agreeing to do so, what type of kinship relationship have Jane and Michael now established with Bethany?

A) affinal kin
B) fictive kin
C) consanguineal kin
D) adopted kin

Question 25

What type of exchange occurs when a beautiful and vivacious young woman marries an aging, but kind and very rich, oil billionaire?

A) complementary exchange
B) economic exchange
C) symmetrical exchange
D) cooperative exchange

Question 26

What is homogamy?

A) the tendency for a newlywed couple to live with or near the bride's family
B) the selection of a mate with personal and social characteristics similar to one's own
C) the tendency for a newlywed couple to live with or near the groom's family
D) the selection of a mate with social characteristics different from one's own

Question 27

The purpose of the Defense of Marriage Act was to make divorce more difficult by requiring trial separation, counseling, and other action prior to granting divorce.

Question 28

What was the law that defined marriage as being between a man and a woman, which was intended to resist legislation that would have made gay marriages legal?

A) the Covenant Marriage Proposal
B) the No Fault Divorce Law
C) the Anti-Cohabitation Amendment
D) the Defense of Marriage Act

Question 29

Of the 70 percent of people who remarry after a divorce, about will get a second divorce.

A) 60 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 90 percent
D) 5 percent

Question 30

In Murdock's World Ethnographic Sample, what was the dominant pattern of residence in the 565 societies he examined?

A) neolocal residence
B) patrilocal residence
C) matrilocal residence
D) egalitarian residence

Question 31

The modern term "family" is derived from the Latin word famulus, which means servant.

Question 32

What was the impetus for the increase in extended families and lower divorce rates in the 1930s?

A) the Great Depression
B) the beginning of World War II
C) the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt
D) the creation of the Social Security system

Question 33

What sociological perspective explains family as being an instrument of power and oppression by which men advance their interests at the expense of women and children?

A) functionalism
B) the conflict perspective
C) symbolic interactionism
D) structuralism

Question 34

The feminist approach suggests family as a means by which the young and old are cared for, socialization of the young is established, and people are provided ascribed status.

Question 35

In 2008, the marriage rates:

A) grew slightly from previous years.
B) were not measured.
C) were the lowest ever.
D) were about the same as previous years.

Question 36

What is the term used for "spatial nearness," which is a contributing variable to mate selection, especially in less industrialized societies?

A) propinquity
B) polygyny
C) polyandry
D) reciprocity

Question 37

What form of marriage was most common in the preindustrial world?

A) monogamy
B) polyandry
C) polygyny
D) serial monogamy

Question 38

How have marriage rates changed since the 1970s?

A) There has been no change in marriage rates for either first marriages or remarriages.
B) Marriage rates have steadily increased because of the economic need for domestic partner benefits.
C) Marriage rates have fluctuated since 1970 based on economic and political factors.
D) Marriage rates for first marriages have steadily decreased since 1980.

Question 39

How has cohabitation changed since 1990?

A) There has been no significant change in the trend to cohabitate rather than marry.
B) Because of STDs and other risks, cohabitation has been on the decrease.
C) Cohabitation has increased significantly, as much as 72 percent.
D) Cohabitation rates have fluctuated based on economic changes.

Question 40

A marriage where a woman marries dead people to preserve the family line is called an affinal marriage.

Question 41

A family in which one member of the adult couple is a stepparent is called a ________.

Question 42

The Census Bureau uses the term ________ to describe a place of residence such as a home, apartment, or room that may be occupied by family or nonfamily members.

Question 43

In general, the process of hyperogamy is more likely to occur for women who marry out of class while men who marry out of class are more likely to experience hypogamy.

Question 44

The concept of family and what constitutes a family is a cultural universal.

Question 45

The nuclear family comprises about 25 percent of all American households.

Question 46

The Navajo are an example of matrilineal descent in which inheritance is passed through the female line.

Question 47

The norm that specifies people date and marry within their own social class, race, and age groups is called ________.

Question 48

Kinship groups have a tendency to decline in number as the technology of a society increases.

Question 49

With the increase in divorce rates and a trend for younger people to be more sexually active, the quest for "romantic love" has all but been abandoned.

Question 50

Another name for a "beanpole" family is a "joint family."

Question 51

Teenagers and young adults who participate in Internet and videodating view their cyber relationships as intimate and enduring.

Question 52

The racial combination of the most common interracial marriage is a[n] ________ woman and a[n] ________ man.

Question 53

The incest taboo, the most powerful norm in regulating courtship and marriage, is applied uniformly throughout the western world.

Question 54

Because marriage and courtship are cultural universals, they are best understood from the macrolevel approach.

Question 55

In a nuclear family, a couple's primary loyalty and emotional attachment are to each other and their children.

Question 56

The norm that requires people to find mates outside their own group or social category is called endogamy.

Question 57

A berdache is a man who dresses and acts like a woman and assumes the social identity of a woman.

Question 58

The medium of ___________ has been called the "electronic babysitter."

Question 59

The pattern of residence and authority, where couples establish independent households apart from that of both the husband's and wife's family, is called an industrial residence.

Question 60

The family type that is established when people exchange wedding vows is called the family of orientation.

Question 61

The term used to describe an oversupply of women of the same marriageable age in the same society is ________.

Question 62

Discuss the legislative efforts that have been made to promote the traditional concepts of family and marriage.

Question 63

Discuss how functionalists view the purpose of family? How is this similar or different from the other two perspectives?

Question 64

The term used to describe a family in which there is a breadwinner father, homemaker mother, and dependent children living at home is ________.

Question 65

The practice of selecting a mate with personal and social characteristics similar to one's own is called ________.

Question 66

Trace the various patterns of descent that are related to family.

Question 67

List and describe the various forms of marriage practiced in the industrial and preindustrial world today.

Question 68

Marrying someone of a higher social class is called ________ ,while marrying someone below one's social class is called ________.

Question 69

Discuss dating and mate selection as it is practiced in the industrial world.

Question 70

The theory of courtship suggested by Bernard Murstein that postulates courtship goes through three distinct stages is ________.