Deck 9: Global Stratification

Question 1

In the Three Worlds model, what qualities best describe the Second World nations?

A) socialist economy, communistic
B) technologically advanced, industrialized
C) heavily populated, technologically advanced
D) democratic, capitalist economy

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What country has the largest population in the world today?

A) China
B) India
C) Russia
D) Indonesia

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Based on the textbook, what is the world's largest corporation based on market value?

A) Wal-Mart
B) General Motors
C) Microsoft
D) ExxonMobile

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What was the world event that swept away most of the Second World nations?

A) the end of World War II
B) the Great Depression
C) the Industrial Revolution
D) the collapse of the Soviet Union

Question 5

What was the international diplomatic technique the European powers used to subjugate and dominate smaller, weaker societies in the southern hemisphere in the 16th century?

A) the economic embargo
B) financial incentives
C) massive immigration and occupation
D) "gunboat diplomacy"

Question 6

With what sociological perspective are colonialism, world system theory, and dependency theory most aligned?

A) the functionalist approach
B) the conflict approach
C) the structuralist approach
D) the symbolic interactionist approach

Question 7

What was the goal of the New World Information and Communication Order?

A) to replace capitalism with socialism in nations that are struggling economically
B) the advancement of middle-income nations to high-income nation status within 25 years
C) the decolonization of information and monitoring of negative media stereotypes
D) to eliminate world hunger and raise the average annual income of people worldwide

Question 8

What is the population of the world expected to be by the year 2100?

A) six billion
B) nine billion
C) twelve billion
D) fifteen billion

Question 9

Who are the zabbeleen?

A) the underclass of Brazil
B) the "trash people" of Egypt
C) homeless street children in Ethiopia
D) land reform revolutionaries in Mexico

Question 10

What is the formula used by the United Nations' Development Program to determine the rank of nations?

A) The crude birth rate minus the crude death rate plus net migration.
B) Annual average income plus level of education minus the infant mortality rate.
C) The nation's annual gross domestic product divided by the nation's total population.
D) The nation's gross national product times total population divided by its currency's inflation rate.

Question 11

In the Three Worlds model what was the label used to describe advanced, industrial, democratic nations such as the United States, France, and Japan?

A) capitalist nations
B) First World nations
C) high-income nations
D) the most-developed nations

Question 12

How does modernization theory address the issue of global stratification?

A) It considers all nations of the world as being in a worldwide division of labor.
B) It stresses the dependency that low-income nations have on high-income nations in trade, industrialization, and finance.
C) It endorses the annexation of low-income nations by high-income nations in a colonialism relationship.
D) It recognizes global development as a process in which advanced industrial nations and technology help poor nations advance.

Question 13

In world system theory, nations such as Afghanistan and Ethiopia that are at the very edge of the world economy and have very little to offer it are called ________.

A) core nations
B) semiperiphery nations
C) periphery nations
D) interstitial nations

Question 14

Between 1900 and the year 2000, how did the population of industrialized nations change in comparison to Africa, Asia, and Latin America?

A) Industrialized nations will account for less of the world population than it did in 1900 and rank last.
B) Industrialized nations will account for a lesser percentage of the population but be second only to Asia.
C) Industrialized nations will double in population due to legal and illegal immigration.
D) There will be no change in the population of industrialized nations relative to Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Question 15

Using dependency theory, what form of dependency perpetuates former colonial practices and is sustained by most-favored-nation treaties?

A) trade dependency
B) investment dependency
C) industrial dependency
D) capitalism dependency

Question 16

In which classification of nations is world stratification most acutely felt and has the greatest effect on its people?

A) poorer nations in the low-income classification
B) socialist nations, regardless of their income classification
C) capitalist nations in the high-income classification
D) communist nations, regardless of their income classification

Question 17

What is the central factor used by the United Nations' Development Program to determine the rank of nations?

A) the gross domestic product of a nation
B) the infant mortality rate of a nation
C) the average income of a nation's citizens
D) the technological status of a nation

Question 18

A large percentage of the population in Ethiopia and Afghanistan make insufficient money to afford food and other necessities of life. In view of this, which phrase best describes these people in Ethiopia and Afghanistan?

A) They are suffering from relative deprivation.
B) They are in absolute poverty.
C) They are in relative poverty.
D) They are affected by an ideology of personal responsibility.

Question 19

In which group of nations would one expect to find the agrarian economy as the most common economic system?

A) low-income nations
B) Second World nations
C) middle-income nations
D) First World nations

Question 20

What is the system called that ranks nations in a hierarchy based on their access to the world's wealth, power, and prestige?

A) world system theory
B) dependency theory
C) global stratification
D) colonialism

Question 21

Which of the following groups of nations are all middle-income nations?

A) Mexico, Brazil, Columbia
B) Pakistan, Kuwait, Afghanistan
C) Norway, Portugal, New Zealand
D) Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Bangladesh

Question 22

Which phrase BEST describes transnational corporations?

A) companies owned by democratic nations with capitalist economies
B) companies that are included in the Fortune 500 register
C) corporations that own companies and search for profits all over the globe
D) corporations that are based in nations belonging to the Group of Eight

Question 23

Although the Three Worlds model has been abandoned by Western governments and the international banks, it was a preferred model of sociologists.

Question 24

In which city is there a serious social problem that has resulted in millions dying from acute respiratory infections created by air pollution generated by over 35,000 factories as well as the carbon monoxide from cars and trucks?

A) London
B) Mexico City
C) Moscow
D) Hong Kong

Question 25

What percentage of the world's population is accounted for by low- and middle-income nations?

A) ninety percent
B) seventy-five percent
C) sixty percent
D) fifty percent

Question 26

Globally, where is the greatest concentration of high-income nations?

A) the Southern Hemisphere
B) between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
C) in the Pacific Southeast.
D) the Northern Hemisphere.

Question 27

What was the significance of the Berlin Conference of 1887?

A) Selected nations of Europe planted their flags in map areas of Africa and Asia, claiming them as their territories.
B) The nations of Europe voted to place an end to worldwide colonialism that began in the 16th century.
C) Belgium was censored by the European Union for annexing the Congo River Basin as its own territory.
D) A peace accord was signed that was intended to prevent world war.

Question 28

Based on a report by the United Nations' Children's Fund (UNICEF) what area of the world is the major market for selling children?

A) Southeast Asia
B) South America
C) Europe
D) North America

Question 29

Based on the income model, what is the classification of Taiwan, South Korea, and Brazil?

A) Taiwan is a high-income nation while South Korea and Brazil are low-income nations.
B) All three nations are middle-income nations.
C) Taiwan and South Korea are middle-income nations and Brazil is a low-income nation.
D) All three are low-income nations.

Question 30

By 2050 it is predicted the majority of the world's population will live in Africa.

Question 31

The consequences of global stratification touch the people of every nation, but they are experienced most acutely by the people of the poor nations.

Question 32

Which of the following theories of global stratification is based on a functionalist approach?

A) colonialism
B) dependency theory
C) world system theory
D) modernization theory

Question 33

In the Three Worlds model what qualities best describe the First World nations?

A) socialistic, agribusiness, heavily populated
B) technologically advanced, industrialized, democratic, rich
C) heavily populated, communistic, socialist economy
D) socialist democracies, agricultural, poor

Question 34

What are the three major classifications of nations in world system theory?

A) First World, Second World, Third World nations
B) trade dependency, industrial dependency, investment dependency nations
C) developed, developing, underdeveloped nations
D) core nations, semiperiphery nations, periphery nations

Question 35

Of the following, which nation has the highest gross national income?

A) Japan
B) the United States
C) Germany
D) Sweden

Question 36

Most low-income nations have "safety nets" or welfare programs to assist their citizens to acquire basic needs.

Question 37

In spite of globalization and a concern for human rights, recent statistics on economic growth show that the rich nations seem to be getting richer while the poor nations are getting poorer.

Question 38

What is the global city that has been called "the capital of Latin America"?

A) Havana, Cuba
B) Mexico City, Mexico
C) Miami, FL
D) Panama City, Panama

Question 39

Approximately how many nations are there in the world today?

A) a little more than 200
B) more than 300
C) over 400
D) at least 500

Question 40

What region of the world accounts for the greatest number of HIV/AIDS cases?

A) Southeast Asia
B) South America
C) Sub-Saharan Africa
D) Central America

Question 41

The term used to describe when people lack food and other necessities of life is ________.

Question 42

Since the 1950s, life expectancy has improved in virtually all nations of the world, including the low- and middle-income nations as well as the high-income nations.

Question 43

Selling children into servitude continues today with Europe being the major market for women and young girls.

Question 44

In world system theory, periphery nations receive the greatest amount of benefit from the global economy.

Question 45

Havana, Cuba is known as the "capital of Latin America" because of its central location and influence in the Caribbean.

Question 46

Modernization theory recognizes global development as a process in which advanced nations and technology help poor nations advance.

Question 47

Because of its far reaching effects, the Industrial Revolution narrowed the gap between the prosperous nations and weaker ones, bringing the practice of colonialism to an end.

Question 48

The theory of global stratification that contends that all nations are part of a worldwide division of labor is ________.

Question 49

The term used to describe corporations that own companies and search for profits all over the world is ________.

Question 50

American produced movies and television programs are increasing in popularity worldwide to the point that American movie stars are now considered as international ambassadors.

Question 51

In the transnational corporate world, the major companies that you see daily in television advertisements-McDonald's, Coca-Cola, Toyota, and Nike-are but a few of the transnational corporations.

Question 52

Using dependency theory, the form of dependency being employed when wealthy corporations establish factories in the Southern Hemisphere to take advantage of cheap labor, gain access to local markets, and gain tax advantages, is ________.

Question 53

The three components of dependency theory are core nations, peripheral nations, and semiperipheral nations.

Question 54

For all practical purposes, the Hole-in-the-Wall Project was hailed as a hands down success as a purveyor of knowledge and universal method to solve illiteracy among the rural poor in low-income nations.

Question 55

The theory of global stratification that recognizes global development as a process in which advanced industrial nations and technology help poor nations advance is ________.

Question 56

Because of major gains in education and equal rights, women have been able to gain an almost equal share of the world's income and assets.

Question 57

World system theory maintains that rich industrialized nations keep poor countries from advancing through various relationships that place the poor nations at a distinct disadvantage in trade, industry, and investment.

Question 58

The international meeting where selected nations of Europe divided areas of Africa and Asia into territories they claimed as their own was the Treaty of Versailles in 1918.

Question 59

Today, migration has become large-scale, long-distance, and increasingly illegal, as wealthy nations erect more and more barriers to emigration.

Question 60

Migration has currently taken two major directions; from rural to urban in developing nations and globally from the Southern to Northern Hemisphere.

Question 61

The economist who developed world system theory was ________.

Question 62

The three nations that comprise the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are ________, ____________, and ________.

Question 63

In world system theory, the group of nations that benefits the most from the worldwide division of labor is classified as the ________.

Question 64

Discuss modernization theory and its major points.

Question 65

Discuss the Hole-in-the-Wall experiment and the Gyandoot Project and evaluate their success.

Question 66

Discuss world system theory and the categories of nations that are a part of the theory.

Question 67

The United States city that is a manufacturing leader in the garment industry and associated with operating "sweatshop" type factories is ________.

Question 68

Discuss how colonialism developed and how it is perpetuated in the twenty-first century.

Question 69

Compare and contrast the income models used by Western nations and the international banks to classify nations.

Question 70

An economic and political system in which powerful nations dominate and exploit weaker ones in trade and other relations is referred to as ________.