Deck 1: Discovering Sociology
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Deck 1: Discovering Sociology
1
How would a typical sociologist view the concept of isolationism?
A) He or she would embrace it as a preferred method of global management.
B) He or she would recommend it as a preferred policy of technically advanced, industrialized nations.
C) He or she would view it as being not only ridiculous, but also impossible.
D) He or she would recommend it as a preferred policy for the least developed, low-income nations.
A) He or she would embrace it as a preferred method of global management.
B) He or she would recommend it as a preferred policy of technically advanced, industrialized nations.
C) He or she would view it as being not only ridiculous, but also impossible.
D) He or she would recommend it as a preferred policy for the least developed, low-income nations.
C
2
The focus on day-to-day interactions of individuals and groups in specific social situations used in symbolic interactionism is referred to as ________.
A) dramaturgical analysis
B) microlevel analysis
C) functional analysis
D) macrolevel analysis
A) dramaturgical analysis
B) microlevel analysis
C) functional analysis
D) macrolevel analysis
B
3
The German sociologist who developed the concepts of Verstehen and the ideal type was ________.
A) Karl Marx
B) Max Weber
C) Franz Gall
D) Charles Goring
A) Karl Marx
B) Max Weber
C) Franz Gall
D) Charles Goring
B
4
The human need to establish families, groups, communities, and organizations is referred to as ________.
A) social stratification
B) the social imperative
C) manifest destiny
D) sociobiology
A) social stratification
B) the social imperative
C) manifest destiny
D) sociobiology
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5
As a sociologist, what was Harriet Martineau's greatest contribution to the discipline?
A) She developed the concept of social Darwinism.
B) She developed the concept of the ideal type.
C) She compared society to a living organism.
D) She translated Comte's work into English.
A) She developed the concept of social Darwinism.
B) She developed the concept of the ideal type.
C) She compared society to a living organism.
D) She translated Comte's work into English.
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6
The use of observation, comparison, experimentation, and the historical method to analyze society is called ________.
A) compurgation
B) positivism
C) econometrics
D) rationalization
A) compurgation
B) positivism
C) econometrics
D) rationalization
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7
The French sociologist who was primarily concerned with social order and wrote extensively on social solidarity as well as suicide was ________.
A) Jacques Cousteau
B) Charles de Gaulle
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Émile Durkheim
A) Jacques Cousteau
B) Charles de Gaulle
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Émile Durkheim
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8
Which two sociological perspectives rely on macrolevel analysis?
A) symbolic interactionism and structural functionalism
B) symbolic interactionism and the conflict perspective
C) structural functionalism and the conflict perspective
D) dramaturgical analysis and ethnomethodology
A) symbolic interactionism and structural functionalism
B) symbolic interactionism and the conflict perspective
C) structural functionalism and the conflict perspective
D) dramaturgical analysis and ethnomethodology
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9
Diana is a first-year student at the community college this year after attending private schools her entire life. This is the first time she has encountered such diversity in the student population based on race, ethnicity, and social class. Diana is trying to understand how she fits into the community college environment and how she can best contribute to it. In view of this, which phrase BEST describes Diana?
A) Diana is practicing the sociological imagination.
B) Diana is practicing ethnocentrism.
C) Diana is experiencing culture shock.
D) Diana is a victim of the relativist fallacy.
A) Diana is practicing the sociological imagination.
B) Diana is practicing ethnocentrism.
C) Diana is experiencing culture shock.
D) Diana is a victim of the relativist fallacy.
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10
During a tour of the county jail, Sally observed a high percentage of the inmates were African Americans and Hispanics. Sally asked her professor and the prison official escorting the class a series of questions to explain this overrepresentation of minorities. For every answer they provided Sally had another question. This form of circular inquiry that asks questions and questions answers is called ________.
A) secondary analysis
B) ethnomethodology
C) dramaturgical analysis
D) sociological thinking
A) secondary analysis
B) ethnomethodology
C) dramaturgical analysis
D) sociological thinking
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11
What do sociologists call the discrepancy between the homes of white Americans and the homes of minorities when addressing the lack of access to new technomedia by minorities?
A) the invisible institution
B) the digital divide
C) media discrimination
D) cultural lag
A) the invisible institution
B) the digital divide
C) media discrimination
D) cultural lag
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12
A conceptual model or typology constructed from the direct observation of a number of specific cases and representing the essential qualities found in those cases is called ________.
A) the manifest function
B) the latent function
C) positivism
D) the ideal type
A) the manifest function
B) the latent function
C) positivism
D) the ideal type
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13
Forms of communication that transmit standardized messages to widespread audiences refer to ________.
A) the mass media
B) propaganda
C) the sociological imagination
D) sociological thinking
A) the mass media
B) propaganda
C) the sociological imagination
D) sociological thinking
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14
Dramaturgical analysis and the labeling approach are most aligned with which sociological perspective?
A) structural functionalism
B) the conflict perspective
C) the neo-conflict perspective
D) symbolic interactionism
A) structural functionalism
B) the conflict perspective
C) the neo-conflict perspective
D) symbolic interactionism
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15
The first sociology courses in the United States were taught by ________ at Brown University.
A) W.E.B. DuBois
B) Robert Park
C) Lester Ward
D) Ernest Burgess
A) W.E.B. DuBois
B) Robert Park
C) Lester Ward
D) Ernest Burgess
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16
Objectively assessing ideas, statements, and information that entails solving problems and analyzing evidence describes ________.
A) the sociological imagination
B) cultural relativism
C) ethnocentrism
D) critical thinking
A) the sociological imagination
B) cultural relativism
C) ethnocentrism
D) critical thinking
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17
What university is credited with developing the first sociology program in the United States?
A) the University of Pennsylvania
B) Harvard
C) Princeton
D) the University of Chicago
A) the University of Pennsylvania
B) Harvard
C) Princeton
D) the University of Chicago
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18
According to Ward, the study of society, in an effort to understand and explain the natural laws that govern its evolution is ________.
A) applied sociology
B) ethnomethodology
C) pure sociology
D) dramaturgical analysis
A) applied sociology
B) ethnomethodology
C) pure sociology
D) dramaturgical analysis
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19
What was the most important relationship C. Wright Mills identified when he addressed the sociological imagination?
A) the gap between social class and race
B) the connection between history and biography
C) the importance of education and practical experience
D) the cumulative effects of stress and social control
A) the gap between social class and race
B) the connection between history and biography
C) the importance of education and practical experience
D) the cumulative effects of stress and social control
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20
In explaining the sociological imagination, C. Wright Mills called the events that have shaped an entire society's values and beliefs ________.
A) biography
B) history
C) culture
D) manifest destiny
A) biography
B) history
C) culture
D) manifest destiny
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21
The social event that inspired Auguste Comte to develop a scientific approach to problem solving and the study of society was the ________.
A) American Revolution
B) discovery of the New World
C) French Revolution
D) drafting of the United States Constitution
A) American Revolution
B) discovery of the New World
C) French Revolution
D) drafting of the United States Constitution
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22
The English sociologist who translated Positive Philosophy into English and studied social life in America was ________.
A) Jane Addams
B) Margaret Sanger
C) Harriet Martineau
D) Susan B. Anthony
A) Jane Addams
B) Margaret Sanger
C) Harriet Martineau
D) Susan B. Anthony
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23
Unintended or unrecognized consequences of social institutions, such as elementary schools' serving as child care facilities, are referred to as ________.
A) dysfunctions
B) macrolevel objectives
C) latent functions
D) microlevel objectives
A) dysfunctions
B) macrolevel objectives
C) latent functions
D) microlevel objectives
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24
From its introduction to the public in 1939, television was heralded as the "body, voice, and mind of tomorrow" and universally accepted by media experts and the public.
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25
The first major technological development in creating a powerful mass media was ________.
A) the creation of the steam-powered printing press
B) the invention of the microchip
C) the invention of television
D) the development of wireless communication
A) the creation of the steam-powered printing press
B) the invention of the microchip
C) the invention of television
D) the development of wireless communication
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26
The father of the Iowa School of Symbolic Interactionism is ________.
A) Auguste Comte
B) Manford Kuhn
C) Edwin Lemert
D) Howard Becker
A) Auguste Comte
B) Manford Kuhn
C) Edwin Lemert
D) Howard Becker
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27
Sets of assumptions that guide research questions, methods of analysis and interpretation, and the development of theory refer to ________.
A) paradigms
B) symbolism
C) values
D) the definition of the situation
A) paradigms
B) symbolism
C) values
D) the definition of the situation
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28
Who was the 20th century sociologist who addressed the concept of The Power Elite as shaping foreign and domestic policy for the benefit of the wealthy and powerful class?
A) C. Wright Mills
B) Robert K. Merton
C) Erving Goffman
D) Edwin Sutherland
A) C. Wright Mills
B) Robert K. Merton
C) Erving Goffman
D) Edwin Sutherland
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29
The ultimate form of technomedia specializing in narrowcasting is the ________.
A) newspaper
B) Internet
C) television
D) radio
A) newspaper
B) Internet
C) television
D) radio
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30
The applied sociologist who won the Nobel Prize for her work with the poor and homeless in Chicago was ________.
A) Margaret Sanger
B) Susan B. Anthony
C) Diana L. Murphy
D) Jane Addams
A) Margaret Sanger
B) Susan B. Anthony
C) Diana L. Murphy
D) Jane Addams
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31
Media presentations almost always emphasize personal over social issues and emotional over intellectual issues.
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32
Max Weber's term for a conceptual model or typology constructed from the direct observation of a number of specific cases and representing the essential qualities found in those cases was ________.
A) latent function
B) the ideal type
C) Verstehen
D) manifest function
A) latent function
B) the ideal type
C) Verstehen
D) manifest function
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33
The two key ingredients to fully understanding the sociological imagination are social dynamics and social statics.
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34
Media experts assert that the primary medium for broadcasting is ________.
A) the Internet
B) the newspaper
C) television
D) radio
A) the Internet
B) the newspaper
C) television
D) radio
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35
Complex social issues are best viewed in simple terms of being right or wrong, black or white, liberal or conservative.
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36
Which of the following sociologists are best known for their work with the symbolic interactionist perspective?
A) Max Weber, Karl Marx, William Domhoff
B) George Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Manford H. Kuhn
C) Émile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, Auguste Comte
D) Lester Ward, W.E.B. DuBois, Henri Saint Simon
A) Max Weber, Karl Marx, William Domhoff
B) George Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Manford H. Kuhn
C) Émile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, Auguste Comte
D) Lester Ward, W.E.B. DuBois, Henri Saint Simon
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37
Universities are expected to prepare students for professional careers or to provide them the skills necessary for the pursuit of graduate degrees. Such expectations are considered as ________ of the university.
A) dysfunctions
B) latent functions
C) symbolic functions
D) manifest functions
A) dysfunctions
B) latent functions
C) symbolic functions
D) manifest functions
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38
In Howard Becker's classic work, Outsiders, what occupation did the public consider as deviant because of its nontraditional role, hours of work, and interracial association?
A) police officers
B) professional wrestlers
C) jazz musicians
D) rodeo clowns
A) police officers
B) professional wrestlers
C) jazz musicians
D) rodeo clowns
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39
Sociological thinking is a form of critical thinking that involves objectively assessing ideas, statements, and information.
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40
In his classic work Suicide, Durkheim linked suicide to ________.
A) social integration
B) social stratification
C) race and ethnicity
D) income and wealth
A) social integration
B) social stratification
C) race and ethnicity
D) income and wealth
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41
George Mead, William I. Thomas, Charles Horton Cooley, and Erving Goffman are best known for introducing and advancing the principles of the symbolic interactionist perspective of sociology.
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42
The view that society is a social arena in which diverse groups with differing values and interest compete for scarce resources is the basic principle of the conflict perspective.
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43
The use of observation, comparison, experimentation, and the historical method to analyze society is referred to as positivism.
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44
The first major technological development in creating a powerful mass media was the invention of the microchip.
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45
The driving forces that led to the development of sociology in Europe in the 19th century were industrialization, urbanization, and immigration.
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46
Dramaturgical analysis, the use of the analogy of the theater to analyze social behavior, is most aligned with the structural functionalist perspective.
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47
An example of the dysfunction of the social institution of higher education would be the number of students who fall victim to excessive drinking and partying, thus creating social problems for themselves and the rest of society.
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48
Prior to the work of Auguste Comte, little attention was given to the interpretation of social life by philosophers, poets, or religious leaders, even in the most advanced ancient civilizations of Babylon, Egypt, or India.
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49
The power elite concept was developed by Herbert Spencer to explain the superiority of civilized members of society over the less evolved and less powerful lower classes.
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50
Verstehen is defined by Weber as ________.
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51
Herbert Spencer was the social thinker to use the term "survival of the fittest" to propose a species' survivability is linked to its ability to adapt to changing conditions.
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52
Sociology developed as a science in America for the same general reasons it developed in Europe, specifically the onset of rapid industrialization, immigration, and urbanization.
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53
Auguste Comte envisioned sociology as leading to a utopian society fine- tuned by social engineers, known as sociologists, who would apply sociological knowledge to cure society's ills.
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54
The quality of mind that provides an understanding of ourselves within the context of the larger society is called ________.
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55
Margaret Sanger made her most significant contribution to the newly developing science called sociology by translating the original works of Auguste Comte from French into English.
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56
The first major technological development in creating a powerful mass media occurred in the mid-19th century with the invention of the ________ that led to the widespread distribution of affordable newspapers, magazines, and books.
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57
Émile Durkheim believed that social solidarity could be categorized into two types: ________, which is found in simple rural societies, and ________, which is found in urban societies.
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58
Pure sociology and applied sociology are virtually the same since the rise of postmodernity.
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59
When writing his classic work Outsiders, Howard Becker explored the fascinating world of research sociologists who employed full participation for an in-depth look at motorcycle gangs, the homeless, and prison inmates.
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60
In explaining the sociological imagination, C. Wright Mills called the events that have shaped an entire society's values and beliefs ________.
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61
Trace the changes in society that led to the development of sociology in Europe and also in America.
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62
What was the Chicago School? Trace its development noting its emphasis and its most well known theorists.
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63
The discrepancy between the access to new technomedia in the homes of minorities compared to access in the homes of white Americans is called ________ by sociologists.
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64
Define mass media and trace its evolution from its simplest form to its present day complexity.
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65
Identify and define the three sociological perspectives.
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66
C. Wright Mills called the powerful military, industrial, and political leadership that shapes domestic and foreign policy ________.
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67
The three variables most linked to the dramatic social upheaval in Europe that led to the development of sociology were ________, ________, and ________.
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68
The definition of the situation, also referred to as the Thomas theorem, can be summarized by the phrase ________.
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69
The two major areas of study that Auguste Comte identified for sociologists in his book Positive Philosophy were ________ and ________.
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70
Identify the major European and American sociologists who contributed to the development of the discipline on each continent.
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71
Match between columns
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