Deck 3: Nursing and Genomics

Question 1

The U.S.Department of Health and Human Services has designated Thanksgiving Day as National Family History Day.The U.S.Surgeon General encourages family members to discuss important family health information while sharing in holiday gatherings.Why is this initiative significant to nurses?

A) Few genetic tests are available that identify this information.
B) Only physicians should obtain this detailed information.
C) Clients cannot accurately complete these histories on their own.
D) Family history is the single most cost-effective source for genetic information.

Answer 1

Family history is the single most cost-effective source for genetic information.

Question 2

A client is 5 months pregnant.On a routine ultrasound scan,the physician discovers that the fetus has a diaphragmatic hernia.The woman becomes distraught and asks the nurse what she should do.Which response would be most suitable?

A) Talk to the client and refer her to a genetic counselor.
B) Suggest that the client travel to a fetal treatment center for intrauterine surgery.
C) Tell her that everything is going to be fine.
D) Sit with the client,and calmly suggest that she consider terminating this pregnancy.

Answer 2

Talk to the client and refer her to a genetic counselor.

Question 3

Which congenital malformations result from multifactorial inheritance? (Select all that apply. )

A) Cleft lip
B) Congenital heart disease
C) Cri du chat syndrome
D) Anencephaly
E) Pyloric stenosis

Answer 3

Cleft lip
Congenital heart disease
Anencephaly
Pyloric stenosis

Question 4

A 32-year-old woman is pregnant for the third time.One child was born with cystic fibrosis,and the other child is healthy.The client and her partner wonder what chance this child has of having cystic fibrosis.This type of testing is most commonly known as what?

A) Occurrence risk
B) Recurrence risk
C) Predictive testing
D) Predisposition testing

Question 5

A father and mother are carriers of phenylketonuria (PKU).Their 2-year-old daughter has the condition.The couple tells the nurse that they are expecting a second baby.Because their daughter has PKU,they are certain that this baby will not be affected.Which response by the nurse is the most accurate?

A) "Good planning.You need to take advantage of the odds that are in your favor."
B) "I think you'd better first check with your physician."
C) "You are both carriers;therefore,each baby has a 25% chance of being affected."
D) "The ultrasound indicates a boy,and boys are not affected by PKU."

Question 6

Which condition or treatment reduces the risk of morbidity in women with the inherited factor V Leiden disorder?

A) Anticoagulant therapy
B) Pregnancy
C) Oral contraceptives
D) Hormone replacement therapy

Question 7

A nurse is assessing the knowledge of new parents of a child born with Klinefelter syndrome.Which statement accurately describes this genetic disorder?

A) Klinefelter syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality.
B) It affects only female children.
C) The disorder is expressed as trisomy XYY.
D) The child with this disorder will grow to be infertile.

Question 8

One of the most promising clinical applications of the Human Genome Project has been pharmacogenomic testing (the use of genetic information to guide a client's drug therapy).Which conditions are potential candidates for pharmacogenomic application? (Select all that apply. )

A) Fragile X syndrome
B) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
C) Breast cancer
D) Myocardial infarction
E) Hemophilia

Question 9

A new father has just been told that his infant has trisomy 18.Which identifying physical feature is unique to an infant with this genetic disorder?

A) Microcephaly and capillary hemangiomas
B) Epicanthal folds and a simian crease
C) Oblique palpebral fissures and Cri du chat syndrome
D) Rocker-bottom feet and clenched hands with overlapping fingers

Question 10

Which statement most accurately describes dominant genetic disorders?

A) With a dominant disorder,the likelihood of the second child also having the condition is 100%.
B) An autosomal recessive disease carries a one-in-eight risk of the second child also having the disorder.
C) Disorders involving maternal ingestion of drugs carry a one-in-four chance of being repeated in the second child.
D) The risk factor remains the same no matter how many affected children are already in the family.

Question 11

Cancer is now recognized as a genetic disorder that begins with one or more genetic mutations.Which type of cancer is specifically being investigated in this regard?

A) Lung cancer
B) Liver cancer
C) Colorectal cancer
D) Oral cancer

Question 12

Nurses who elect to practice in the field of obstetrics must have a basic working knowledge of genetics.What is the correct term used to describe an individual's genetic makeup?

A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Karyotype
D) Chromotype

Question 13

Which statement regarding genetic health care is considered a priority to the nurse practicing in this specialty?

A) Genetic disorders equally affect people of all socioeconomic backgrounds,races,and ethnic groups.
B) Genetic health care is more concerned with populations than individuals.
C) Providing emotional support to the family during counseling is the most important of all nursing functions.
D) Taking genetic histories is the province of large universities and medical centers.

Question 14

Which activities are included in the role of a nurse practicing in the field of genetics? (Select all that apply. )

A) Assessing the responses of family members to a genetic disorder
B) Performing genetic testing,such as amniocentesis
C) Constructing a family pedigree of three or more generations
D) Advising a pregnant mother whose fetus has a genetic disorder to have an abortion
E) Offering parents information about genetics

Question 15

Which type of genetic tests in clinical practice are most often offered to clients with a family history of disease?

A) Single-gene disorders
B) Carrier screening
C) Predictive value testing
D) Pre-dispositional testing

Question 16

Which statement describes a key finding of the Human Genome Project?

A) Humans produce one protein per gene.
B) All human beings are 99.9% identical at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)level.
C) The Human Genome Project has not yet been able to translate the accumulating raw research into anything medically practical.
D) Humans have more genes than other species.