Deck 10: Marriage and Intimate Relationships

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true regarding the commonly held stereotype of single people?

A)The previously negative stereotype is gradually declining.
B)The previously positive stereotype is gradually declining.
C)The stereotype has changed from positive to negative.
D)The stereotype has changed from negative to positive.

Answer 1

The previously negative stereotype is gradually declining.

Question 2

Approximately what percentage of marriages will result in separation or divorce?

A)25%
B)45%
C)65%
D)85%

Answer 2

45%

Question 3

In terms of what they look for in a marital partner,women place a higher value than men on which of the following?

A)Youthfulness
B)Socioeconomic status
C)Physical attractiveness
D)Interest in raising a family

Answer 3

Socioeconomic status

Question 4

Research suggests that polygamy is

A)prevalent in the Mormon church.
B)related to lower self-esteem and unhappiness for wives.
C)a way to strengthen women's independence.
D)working well for women in high functioning families.

Question 5

Juan and Dori recently got married.If current demographics continue,what is the likelihood (percentage)they will get divorced or separated?

A)25%
B)45%
C)65%
D)85%

Question 6

John and Jenny are an interracial couple.When Jenny looked into statistics to see how unusual they were,she likely found

A)interracial marriages have slowly declined in the past two decades.
B)people are finding the extra burden of interracial relationships too difficult.
C)there is a significant difference between interracial and intraracial couples in quality of the relationship.
D)interracial couples tend to report higher relationship satisfaction.

Question 7

Over _______ of Americans will marry at least once.

A)30%
B)50%
C)70%
D)90%

Question 8

It is estimated that up to _________ of the world practices arranged marriage.

A)20%
B)40%
C)60%
D)80%

Question 9

Which statement most accurately reflects the current state of marriage in modern Western society?

A)It is a cherished but dying tradition.
B)It remains popular but appears to be under assault from changes in society.
C)It is being largely replaced by cohabitation and serial monogamy.
D)It is beset by tragic interpersonal violence in all segments of society.

Question 10

In terms of what they look for in a marital partner,men place a higher value than women on which of the following?

A)Ambition
B)Intelligence
C)Financial prospects
D)Youthfulness

Question 11

Endogamy refers to the tendency

A)of people to marry within their social group.
B)for women to "marry up" in socioeconomic status.
C)for men to marry a woman who is much younger.
D)to marry others who have similar personal characteristics.

Question 12

Jerry is seeking a mate based on evolutionary theory.His most primary,underlying concern will be to look for a female who is

A)likely to be successful at having children.
B)likely to provide him love.
C)likely to be intelligent.
D)likely to be stronger than average.

Question 13

The tendency to marry someone who has personal characteristics similar to one's own is called

A)endogamy.
B)homogamy.
C)monogamy.
D)homosexuality.

Question 14

Sara is marrying Bill,a man three years older than her,who has completed college.Sara is completing college next year.In relation to the text's discussion of homogamy,this couple would be considered

A)unusual.
B)typical.
C)typical for age,but not education.
D)typical for attitudes,but not marital history.

Question 15

Role expectations for husbands and wives are becoming

A)more consistent with traditional values.
B)more specific and stable.
C)less of a concern to married couples.
D)more varied and flexible.

Question 16

The norm in American society is all of the following EXCEPT

A)monogamy.
B)polygamy.
C)endogamy.
D)homogamy.

Question 17

An increasing number of married couples are deciding

A)not to have children.
B)to have only one child.
C)to have larger families than in the past.
D)to have children earlier in the marriage.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the challenges to traditional views of marriage?

A)There is increased acceptance of cohabitation.
B)People are less concerned with the stigma of divorce.
C)People are not as interested in monogamous relationships now.
D)There is an increase in the prevalence of single-parent households and childless marriages.

Question 19

Living together in a sexually intimate relationship without actually being married is called

A)endogamy.
B)cohabitation.
C)pseudo-marriage.
D)common law marriage.

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics of potential mates is NOT valued equally by both sexes?

A)Honesty
B)Trustworthiness
C)Socioeconomic status
D)Humor

Question 21

Monique is in the first family life cycle stage.She is

A)a mother of young children.
B)launching her children and moving on.
C)newly married.
D)an unattached young adult,between families.

Question 22

The main problem with research on marital success is that

A)few researchers are interested in the topic.
B)marital quality is hard to measure.
C)most people don't like to reveal such information to researchers.
D)all of the above.

Question 23

The term "marital bliss" would be most characteristic of which of the following stages of the family life cycle?

A)Beginning families
B)Families with preschool children
C)Families with teenagers
D)Families in the middle years

Question 24

Crisis during the transition to first parenthood is more likely for

A)males.
B)females.
C)Males and females are equally likely to experience crisis.
D)Research does not support a major transition to parenthood.

Question 25

Conflict between adolescents and their parents is most likely to involve which of the following issues?

A)The adolescent's career plans
B)The kinds of clothes the adolescent wears
C)The adolescent's possible use of drugs
D)Whether or not the adolescent will engage in sexual relations

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for postpartum depressive symptoms?

A)Marital dissatisfaction
B)Hormones that only affect birth mothers
C)Past depression
D)High stress levels

Question 27

Since 1980,the percentage of childless couples has

A)barely increased.
B)doubled.
C)tripled.
D)none of the above.

Question 28

Jean is seeking a mate based on evolutionary theory.Her most primary,underlying concern will be to look for a male who is

A)likely to be devious.
B)likely to provide her love.
C)likely to be attractive.
D)likely to provide well for her children.

Question 29

Lorrie was so busy in her new job that she was having trouble finding time to spend with her toddler son and husband.This stress is likely to

A)spill over to affect mood at home.
B)limit relationship-promoting behaviors in her marriage.
C)harm her marital stability.
D)do all of the above.

Question 30

Which of the following is associated with a higher probability of marital success?

A)Younger age
B)Shorter courtship
C)Having happily married parents
D)All of the above

Question 31

As a child,Daniel was generally smiling in photos.This indicates that his marital success is

A)less likely.
B)unpredictable based on this data.
C)more likely.
D)unrelated to social support.

Question 32

Which of the following is associated with a higher probability of marital success?

A)Longer courtship
B)Having divorced parents
C)Perfectionism
D)Insecurity

Question 33

Bonita's mother pointed out that Bonita and Ahmad tended to be negative and slightly sarcastic to each other and that this was going to cause problems in the future if they got married.Bonita,an attentive psychology student,believes

A)research shows that commutation tends to improve after marriage.
B)research shows that commutation is not that important.
C)research does not support her mother's statement.
D)research supports her mother's statement.

Question 34

Nancy's children have all grown and moved out.Nancy is most likely to

A)have a period of difficult transition.
B)feel better if her children move back.
C)have a more negative attitude about them returning home than her children do.
D)feel liberated from child-rearing responsibilities.

Question 35

The text states that the stress that accompanies the transition to parenthood is likely to be greatest when

A)the newborn child wasn't planned.
B)the new parents are relatively young.
C)there are unrealistic expectations about parenting responsibilities.
D)the father is unlikely to be heavily involved in child care.

Question 36

Which of the following reasons do couples give for remaining childless?

A)The cost of raising children
B)Loss of independence
C)Less time to spend with each other
D)All of the above

Question 37

Sylvia and Darren have two children in high school.Recently,Darren's mother moved in with them to recover from a broken hip.Sylvia and Darren are said to be in the _______ generation.

A)sandwich
B)boomerang
C)reality
D)caregiver

Question 38

An orderly sequence of stages through which families progress is called

A)family development.
B)the family life cycle.
C)group dynamics.
D)serial monogamy.

Question 39

Couples who have high levels of intimacy,closeness,and commitment prior to the birth of the first child

A)usually exhibit low levels of satisfaction after the child arrives.
B)find the transition to parenthood a difficult experience.
C)may see the newborn as an intruder into their lives.
D)maintain a high level of satisfaction after the birth of a child.

Question 40

Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to higher divorce rates?

A)Marrying later in life
B)Marrying younger in life
C)Divorce is unrelated to age at the time of marriage
D)Disruptions associated with mid-20s and older

Question 41

Research indicates that

A)the negative effects of divorce on psychological well-being is similar for men and women.
B)post divorce adjustment is more favorable with a higher income.
C)forgiveness of an ex-spouse is correlated with lower depression.
D)all of the above.

Question 42

Gottman asserts that

A)conflict and anger in marital interaction are not normal.
B)jealousy is by far the greatest of all threats to marital stability.
C)the style of communication is the key issue in predicting marital dissolution.
D)conflict and anger are predictive of marital dissolution.

Question 43

At their peak,divorce rates were about _________%;the risk of divorce today is about _________%.

A)60;50
B)60;40
C)50;60
D)50;40

Question 44

According to the text,mismatched expectations about marriage roles are especially likely among today's husbands and wives because

A)gender roles are changing rapidly.
B)people are getting married at a younger age today.
C)in childhood,boys and girls get different messages about marriage.
D)of the abundance of unhealthy marriages portrayed in the mass media.

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT one of the social trends contributing to increasing divorce rates?

A)Legal barriers to divorce have diminished.
B)The stigma attached to divorce has gradually eroded.
C)Increasing family size makes divorce more viable.
D)Working wives are less financially dependent on the continuation of their marriage.

Question 46

While Fatima is very busy as a mother,wife,and employee,research has shown an advantage of these multiple roles is that

A)she and her husband are more satisfied with the wife's role.
B)her husband can still be the primary breadwinner.
C)time away from children is a good stress relief.
D)she has increased social contacts and self-esteem.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT one of the communication styles identified by Gottman as a risk factor for divorce?

A)Contempt
B)Criticism
C)Defensiveness
D)Complaining

Question 48

Wives account for ____________ of the core housework.

A)35%
B)50%
C)78%
D)92%

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT associated with marital conflict?

A)Alcoholism
B)Role compromises
C)Physical health problems
D)Domestic violence

Question 50

Which of the following statements about divorce is NOT true?

A)Divorce is usually more disruptive for women than men.
B)Women are more likely to assume responsibility for the children.
C)Half of fathers lose contact with their children within the first year.
D)Both men and women are unlikely to have an adequate income or satisfying job.

Question 51

Fred and Wilma are in an unhappy marriage.Compared to divorced couples,research indicates they are likely to have

A)more life satisfaction.
B)higher levels of happiness.
C)poorer physical health.
D)higher self-esteem.

Question 52

After a divorce,many children exhibit

A)depression.
B)lowered academic performance.
C)precocious sexual behavior.
D)all of the above.

Question 53

According to your textbook,the best way for married couples to avoid troublesome battles over money is probably to

A)engage in joint decision-making on finances.
B)avoid discussions related to money.
C)assign responsibility for financial decisions to one person.
D)consult on a regular basis with a financial planner.

Question 54

Betty has the attitudes of a typical married woman.She likely does _________ housework than her husband and ________ consider it unfair.

A)more;does
B)less;does not
C)more;does not
D)less;does

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a problem in family life later?

A)Disagreements about leisure activities
B)Disappointments about intimacy
C)Lack of time to spend together
D)Disagreements about finances

Question 56

When financial resources are plentiful in a marriage,arguments about money

A)simply don't occur.
B)may still be a problem.
C)generally don't threaten marital satisfaction.
D)tend to occur if the wife doesn't work outside the home.

Question 57

Gender equality in marital chores is

A)increasing;wives still do the bulk of household chores.
B)fairly common;husbands do nearly 50% of the housework.
C)idealistic and probably not really desirable.
D)decreasing;wives do 78% of the core housework.

Question 58

In order to develop his theory of the role of marital communication and risk factors for divorce,Gottman

A)analyzed his own marital experiences and those of three close friends.
B)did an Internet survey of 500 couples.
C)observed couples at 20 shopping malls in the United States over a period of two months.
D)studied over 50 couples using a combination of interview and observational techniques.

Question 59

How do happily married couples and those who get divorced differ in their handling of money?

A)Happy couples engage in more joint decision-making on finances.
B)Eventually-divorced couples have more arguments about how much money each partner earns.
C)Among couples who get divorced,one spouse provides a regular allowance for the other.
D)Among happy couples,typically there is agreement about who is primarily responsible for financial matters.

Question 60

What does research tell us about the relationship between women's employment status and the quality of infant­ mother emotional attachment?

A)Full-time mothers are more likely to have securely attached children.
B)Part-time working mothers have more securely attached children than full-time mothers or women employed full-time.
C)Mothers who work full-time can have securely attached children,but only if the husband shares child-rearing responsibilities.
D)There appears to be no relationship.

Question 61

Bill is a gay male.His likelihood of being in a stable,long-term relationship is about

A)20%.
B)50%.
C)70%.
D)80%.

Question 62

Which of the following statements about remarriage is NOT true?

A)Adaptation to remarriage can be difficult for children.
B)Divorce rates are lower for second than for first marriages.
C)Roughly three quarters of divorced people eventually remarry.
D)The average length of time between divorce and remarriage is 3-4 years.

Question 63

Research on homosexual couples suggests that

A)there are rarely long-term relationships.
B)relationships are more prone to breakups than heterosexual marriages.
C)gays of both genders face more barriers to dissolution.
D)all of the above.

Question 64

According to Ahrons,the research on divorce

A)is coming closer to establishing the truth about the lasting effects of divorce on children.
B)is now able to define the specific factors that lead to better adjustment of children of divorce.
C)is wary about making blanket statements about a complex phenomenon such as divorce.
D)has serious ethical and practical concerns.

Question 65

Pat believes good parenting is based on the quality of child-parent interactions.From this statement,research indicates Pat is likely to be

A)gay.
B)lesbian.
C)heterosexual.
D)any of these.

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT true? Cohabitation

A)is legal in all states.
B)rates have increased.
C)rates are higher in the less-educated,lower-income population.
D)leads to increased likelihood of divorce after marriage.

Question 67

Most theorists see cohabitation as

A)a threat to the institution of marriage.
B)a new stage in the courtship process.
C)a fad that will level off in the next several decades.
D)an indication of young people's preference for alternative lifestyles.

Question 68

______________ percent of children show emotional or psychological problems 2-3 years after their parents divorce.

A)25
B)50
C)75
D)90

Question 69

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the adjustment of stepchildren?

A)They experience the stepfamily as less cohesive and warm than their original family.
B)Their psychological adjustment is similar to that of children from single parent homes.
C)The differences between child adjustment in stepfamilies and intact families are substantial.
D)All of the above are true of stepchildren.

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT a prominent characteristic among people who choose cohabitation?

A)Lower economic status
B)Well-educated
C)Liberal in values
D)Nontraditional about intimate relationships

Question 71

Both heterosexual and homosexual couples report

A)similar values about relations.
B)similar levels of relationship satisfaction.
C)similar perceptions of love and commitment in their relationships.
D)all of the above.

Question 72

When comparing heterosexual marriages to relationships in gay couples,researchers have found that gay couples' relationships

A)are more prone to breakups.
B)function differently in terms of household chores.
C)evolve in a similar social context.
D)have higher levels of love and commitment.

Question 73

Which of the following statements about cohabiting couples is NOT true?

A)Most cohabitants expect to marry their current partner.
B)Cohabiting relationships tend to be more stable than marital relationships.
C)Cohabiting couples are more likely to stay together if they have a child together.
D)Cohabitants report that they are less satisfied with their relationships than married couples.

Question 74

There has been an increase in the number of homosexuals opting to have children in the context of their gay relationships.Preliminary evidence suggests that

A)their children tend to become homosexuals.
B)their children show signs of being maladjusted.
C)gay parents are similar to their heterosexual counterparts.
D)lesbian mothers exhibit less maternal behavior than heterosexual mothers.

Question 75

Divorce rates for second marriages are

A)higher than those for first marriages.
B)lower than those for first marriages.
C)the same as those for first marriages.
D)different depending on the wife's age at the time of the second marriage.

Question 76

Research indicates that following a divorce,children may exhibit

A)depression.
B)nightmares.
C)reduced physical health.
D)all of the above.

Question 77

The first stage of development in stepfamilies is

A)fantasy.
B)immersion.
C)contact.
D)mobilization.

Question 78

Which of the following statements about cohabitation is accurate?

A)Premarital cohabitation increases the likelihood of subsequent marital success.
B)Cohabitants tend to reject marriage as a viable alternative for them.
C)The majority of cohabitants plan to marry eventually.
D)Cohabitants are generally people who shy away from responsibility.

Question 79

The banning of gay marriages in many states has

A)denied couples the economic benefit of joint tax returns.
B)blocked partner's health insurance.
C)become a major political issue.
D)all of the above.

Question 80

Which of the following has been found in adults whose parents divorced when they were children?

A)Marital instability
B)Maladjustment
C)Reduced occupational attainments
D)All of the above