Deck 8: Basic Principles in How Attitudes Are Shaped

Question 1

The results of Tormala and Mayer's (2010)research suggests that ______.

A)high self-monitors are more likely to be persuaded by affect-based appeals
B)women are more likely to be persuaded by affect-based appeals
C)men are more to be persuaded by affect-based appeals
D)gender is irrelevant to the success of affect-based appeals

Answer 1

women are more likely to be persuaded by affect-based appeals

Question 2

The amplification hypothesis states that ______.

A)as an attitude becomes stronger.its effects on behavior becomes stronger
B)as an attitude increases in certainty.it can become more open to change or more resistant to change.depending upon characteristics of the attitude
C)attitudes can amplify their consequences when they are derived from affective and cognitive information
D)none of these

Answer 2

as an attitude increases in certainty.it can become more open to change or more resistant to change.depending upon characteristics of the attitude

Question 3

Edwards (1990)found evidence that ______.

A)high self-monitors were more persuaded by an image-based appeal
B)low self-monitors were more persuaded by an appeal based on product quality
C)an affect-based appeal was more persuasive among individuals who had formed an affect-based attitude
D)individuals from Western cultures prefer appeals highlighting individuality

Answer 3

an affect-based appeal was more persuasive among individuals who had formed an affect-based attitude

Question 4

Tillman Betsch is associated with the ______.

A)value-account model
B)implicit subtraction model
C)implicit addition model
D)subliminal priming model

Question 5

According to See.Petty.and Fabrigar (2008.2013).our interest in reading affect-based vs cognition-based appeals is ______.

A)related to differences in the extent to which our own attitudes are derived from affect vs cognition
B)determined solely by whether the message context primes motives to form affect-based attitudes or cognition-based attitudes
C)related to the strength of our attitudes
D)related to our perceptions of the extent to which our own attitudes are based primarily on affect vs cognition

Question 6

Snyder and DeBono (1985)found evidence of matching based on which property of attitude?

A)attitude function
B)attitude content
C)attitude structure
D)attitude ambivalence

Question 7

Which of the following best summarizes the effects of numerical ability on judgements from data (Kahan.Peters.Dawson.Slovic.2017)?

A)Greater numerical ability leads message recipients to more accurate conclusions from data on non-partisan issues.
B)Lower numerical ability leads message recipients to more accurate conclusions from data on non-partisan issues.
C)Greater numerical ability leads message recipients to more accurate conclusions from data on non-partisan and politically charged issues.
D)Lower numerical ability leads message recipients to more accurate conclusions from data on politically charged issues.

Question 8

Vermigweren.Karremans.Bernritter.Stroebe.and Wigboldus (2013)found that ______.

A)habits moderate the effect of primes on behavior
B)priming a brand increases participants' trust about the product
C)forewarning individuals about the presence of subliminal advertisements minimized their effects on attitudes and behavior
D)priming a brand name influences deliberative behavior.but not spontaneous behavior

Question 9

Research on matching effects suggest that these are due to ______.

A)more peripheral processing of matched messages
B)low self-monitors possessing strong attitudes
C)enhanced scrutiny of matched messages
D)none of these

Question 10

Which of these factors influence(s)attitude change?

A)the number of arguments
B)citations of consensus
C)the framing of attributes
D)all of these

Question 11

Subliminal cues ______.

A)can affect attitudes.but not behavior
B)can affect behavior.but not attitudes
C)affect neither attitudes nor behavior
D)can affect both attitudes and behavior

Question 12

Self-affirmation seems to encourage ______.

A)heuristic processing of threatening information
B)stereotype threat
C)systematic processing of threatening information
D)greater defensiveness

Question 13

Strong attitudes are more likely to ______.

A)follow behavior
B)be stable over time
C)be ambivalent
D)all of these

Question 14

DeSteno, Petty, Rucker, Wegener, and Braverman (2004) found that participants who were sad were most persuaded by an appeal related to ______.

A) sadness
B) anger
C) sadness, but only if they were high in need for cognition
D) sadness, but only if they were high in need for affect